Sickling Cells Inhibition and Radical Scavenging Activities of Zanthoxylum leprieurii’s (GUILL) Bark Extracts: Comparative Study

Aims:In traditional medicine, several plant species from Rutaceae’s family have been used to treat sickle cell anemia. However, more studies are needed to corroborate the antisickling activity of Zanthoxylumleprieuriispecies. The objective of this paper was to evaluate the sickling cell inhibition and radical scavenging activities of hydroethanolic and aqueous extracts of Zanthoxylum leprieurii’s bark, a plant species used in the management of sickle cell anemia in eastern Côte d’Ivoire.Methods:Hydroethanolic and aqueous extracts of the stem bark of Zanthoxylum leprieuriiwere prepared. Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical tests were carried out. In addition, diphenyl 1 2 picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) was used to determine the antioxidant potential of these two extracts. The antisickling activity of two extracts was determined by the Emmel method.Resultsand Discussion: Zanthoxylum leprieurii’s barkextracts have demonstrated antioxidant property. The IC50value of the hydroethanolic extract (0.308±0.06) was lower than that of the decocted (0.434 ±0.06). At 10mg/mL, the sickling cell inhibition of DZL was 81% ±2.66 while EZL was 89% ±0.44. The presence of alkaloids, sterols, Polyterpenes and phenolic compounds in both extracts could explain the sickling inhibition activity of these extracts. All the extracts revealed an antioxidant and antisickling activities higher than the standard.Conclusion: The hydroethanolic extract (EZL) demonstrated a higher antisickling activity and exhibited a better free radical scavenging activity.The use of Zanthoxylum leprieurii’s bark in the traditional management of sickle cell anemia is justified

Effect of aqueous extract of Terminalia catappa leaves on the glycaemia of rabbits.

Diabetes is a disease which affects 5% of Côte-d’Ivoire population. This is a worrying prevalence rate. Our search for means of fighting this affection made us to develop an herbal medicine from decoction of Terminalia catappa leaves. During the experience we carried out, rabbits received, orally, a solution of glucose (4 g/l). As treatment, the hyperglycaemic rabbits were given, glibenclamide (0.25 mg/ml) and herbal medicine to drink, 0.6 ml per 20 grams of body weight. Before administration of glucose overload, the animals had a basal glycaemia of 1.11 g/l. The not treated rabbits’ glycaemia increased and reached 1.39 g/l. The oral administration of glibenclamide lowers blood sugar at 0.86 g/l, after 180 minutes. At 2.5 mg/ml, the herbal medicine does not induce a significant hypoglycaemic effect. At 10 mg/ml, it decreases the hyperglycaemia to 1.05 g/l. At 40 mg/ml, it induces a significant decrease in blood glucose. A fall of 30% was observed. At 40 mg/ml, its effect on hyperglycaemic rabbits is compared to glibenclamide (0.25 mg/ml). The glibenclamide exerts on normoglycaemic rabbits a significant basal glucose-lowering effect unlike herbal medicine. The herbal medicine appears like an antidiabetic and produces its hypoglycaemic effect mainly through alkaloids, sterols or triterpens.

Effect of aqueous extract of boerhavia diffusa leaves on the glycaemia of rabbits.

Diabetes touches approximately 5% of Côte-d’Ivoire population. This is a worrying prevalence rate. Our search for means of fighting this affection made us to develop an herbal medicine from decoction of Boerhavia diffusa leaves. An ethnopharmacological survey conducted in villages of Côted’Ivoire, made us discovered that Boerhavia diffusa is used by traditional healers as antidiabetic. In Laboratory, during the experience we carried out, rabbits received, orally, a solution of glucose (4 g/l). Before administration of glucose, the animals had a basal glycaemia of 1.11 ± 0.04 g/l. The not treated rabbits’ glycaemia increased and reached 1.39 g/l. The oral administration of glibenclamide lowers blood sugar at about 0.86 g/l, after 180 minutes. The others hyperglycaemic rabbits were given herbal medicine to drink, 0.6 ml per 20 grams of body weight. At 2.5 mg/ml, the phytomedicine does not induce hypoglycaemic effect. At 10 mg/ml, it makes the hyperglycaemia go down from 1.17 g/l to 0.91 g/l. At 40 mg/ml, it induces a significant decrease in blood glucose. A fall of 34 % was observed, 180 minutes later. The glibenclamide exerts a significant basal glucose-lowering effect. The herbal medicine exerts on basal glycaemia a deep action and can induce, at 40 mg/ml, a hypoglycaemic coma. The effect of herbal medicine (40 mg/ml) on hyperglycaemic rabbits is compared to glibenclamide (0.25 mg/ml). The herbal medicine has a hypoglycemic effect and appears like an antidiabetic and produces its hypoglycaemic effect mainly through alkaloids, sterols or triterpens.