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Abstract Background Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) is one of the most common types of skin cancer worldwide. Therefore, the identification of biomarkers associated with CSCC progression could aid in the early detection of high-risk squamous cell carcinoma and the development of novel therapeutic strategies. Objective This study aimed to investigate the expression patterns of silent mating type Information Regulation 2 homolog 6 (SIRT6) in CSCC and its clinical significance. Methods The protein expression level of SIRT6 in tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry, and the correlation between SIRT6 expression and clinicopathological parameters in CSCC patients was analyzed. The relative expression of SIRT6 in CSCC cell lineage and tissue specimens was determined by western blotting and PCR. The effect of SIRT6 silencing on cell proliferation was evaluated using cell counting kit 8. Wound healing, transwell method, and flow cytometry were used to investigate the migration, invasion, and cell cycle distribution/apoptosis of CSCC cells after SIRT6 silencing, respectively. Western blot was used to detect the expression of EMT (Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition), cycle, apoptosis, and other related proteins. Results The high expression of SIRT6 was correlated with the location of cancer tissue and Broder staging in CSCC patients. Knockdown of SIRT6 inhibited the proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT of CSCC cells, and promoted their apoptosis, with cells blocked in G1 phase. Study limitations No animal experiments were conducted to further verify the results. Conclusion Decreased expression of SIRT6 can inhibit the occurrence and development of CSCC.
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Abstract The cure rates for osteosarcoma have remained unchanged in the past three decades, especially for patients with pulmonary metastasis. Thus, a new and effective treatment for metastatic osteosarcoma is urgently needed. Anlotinib has been reported to have antitumor effects on advanced osteosarcoma. However, both the effect of anlotinib on autophagy in osteosarcoma and the mechanism of anlotinib-mediated autophagy in pulmonary metastasis are unclear. The effect of anlotinib treatment on the metastasis of osteosarcoma was investigated by transwell assays, wound healing assays, and animal experiments. Related proteins were detected by western blotting after anlotinib treatment, ATG5 silencing, or ATG5 overexpression. Immunofluorescence staining and transmission electron microscopy were used to detect alterations in autophagy and the cytoskeleton. Anlotinib inhibited the migration and invasion of osteosarcoma cells but promoted autophagy and increased ATG5 expression. Furthermore, the decreases in invasion and migration induced by anlotinib treatment were enhanced by ATG5 silencing. In addition, Y-27632 inhibited cytoskeletal rearrangement, which was rescued by ATG5 overexpression. ATG5 overexpression enhanced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Mechanistically, anlotinib-induced autophagy promoted migration and invasion by activating EMT and cytoskeletal rearrangement through ATG5 both in vitro and in vivo. Our results demonstrated that anlotinib can induce protective autophagy in osteosarcoma cells and that inhibition of anlotinib-induced autophagy enhanced the inhibitory effects of anlotinib on osteosarcoma metastasis. Thus, the therapeutic effect of anlotinib treatment can be improved by combination treatment with autophagy inhibitors, which provides a new direction for the treatment of metastatic osteosarcoma.
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Objective @#To examine the association between intrinsic capacity and falls in older adults, so as to provide insights into the risk assessment of falls. @*Methods@#Older adults aged 60 years and above were selected from two districts and one county in Bengbu City, Anhui Province from September 2022 to June 2023 using convenience sampling method. Demographic information, health-related behaviors and incidence of falls among participants were collected through questionnaire surveys. The intrinsic capacity included five dimensions: sensory, motor, vitality, cognition and psychology, which were investigated by the sensory dimension screening scale recommended by the World Health Organization, the Simple Physical Functioning Battery (SPPB), the Micro Nutritional Assessment Scale (MNAS-SF), the Brief Intelligent Mental State Examination Scale (MMSE), and the Center for Evaluation of Streamlined Depression Levels 10-entry scale (CESD-10), respectively. A total score of 1 or more indicated a decrease in intrinsic capacity. The association between intrinsic capacity and falls in older adults was analyzed by a multivariable logistic regression model.@*Results@#A total of 1 950 questionnaires were allocated, and 1 917 were valid, with an effective rate of 98.30%. There were 934 men (48.72%) and 983 women (51.28%), with a mean age of (68.15±3.42) years. There were 1 352 rural residents (70.53%) and 1 431 illiterate and primary school-educated residents (74.65%). In the past year, 347 residents fell, accounting for 18.10%. The median comprehensive score for intrinsic capacity was 1.00 (interquartile range, 2.00) points, and 1 320 had a decrease in intrinsic capacity, accounting for 68.86%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that decline in intrinsic ability was associated with the risk of falls after adjustment for age, gender, educational level, marital status, alcohol consumption and self-rated health status (OR=1.531, 95%CI: 1.408-1.721).@*Conclusion@#Decreased intrinsic capacity in older adults may contribute to an increased risk of falls.
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Objective@#The association between school bullying and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms among students in primary schools and the moderating role of gender was explored to provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of school bullying.@*Methods@#A total of 4 764 students from 2 primary schools in Wuhan were selected using the convenience sampling method in March 2023. The Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire were used. A Pearson χ 2 test was used to compare differences in school bullying rates among children with and without ADHD symptoms. Pearson correlation analysis and Process 3.3 were used to analyse the association between ADHD symptoms, and school bullying behaviour and the moderating role of gender.@*Results@#The reported rate of bullying victims in primary schools was 24.2% and the rate of bullying perpetration was 3.8%. The rate of ADHD symptom detection among primary school students was 5.9%. ADHD symptoms were positively associated with bullying and bullying victim behaviour ( r =0.16, 0.27, P <0.01). Specifically, the association between ADHD symptoms and bullying behavior tended to be stronger among boys than girls ( β boy =0.17, t =11.13; β girl =0.07, t =4.11, P <0.01).@*Conclusions@#ADHD symptoms are an important factor influencing school bullying behaviors in students, and gender moderates the association. In the process of preventing and controlling school bullying, ADHD symptoms and gender differences should be emphasized and comprehensive interventions should be implemented.
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Objective@#To investigate the association between self-rated health status and mortality risk, and to evaluate the predictive value of self-rated health status for mortality risk among the elderly.@*Methods@#Based on the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) database, data of sociodemographic information, self-rated health status and mortality of the elderly aged 60 years and older were collected from 2011 to 2018. The association between self-rated health status and mortality risk among the elderly was analyzed using a multivariable Cox proportional risk regression model.@*Results@#Totally 4 850 individuals were included, with an median age of 65 (interquartile range, 8) years. There were 2 485 males (51.24%) and 2 365 females (48.76%). There were 877 individuals (18.08%) rated their health as good, 2 078 individuals (42.85%) as general, 1 895 individuals (39.07%) as poor. A total of 28 955 person-years were followed up, with an average follow-up of 5.97 years per person. There were 855 deaths by the end of follow-up in 2018, and the median survival time was 7 (interquartile range, 3) years. Multivariable Cox proportional risk regression analysis showed that there were interactive effects of age, sex and self-rated health status on mortality, respectively (both P<0.05). The results of gender-stratified analysis showed that there was no significant association between self-rated health status and mortality risk in old women (P>0.05). The mortality risk was higher in old men with poor self-rated health than with good self-rated health (<70 years, HR=5.382, 95%CI: 3.263-8.876; 70 to 79 years, HR=3.536, 95%CI: 1.070-11.686; ≥80 years, HR=3.043, 95%CI: 1.827-5.066).@*Conclusion@#There is an association between self-rated health status and mortality risk among the elderly, the old men with poor self-rated health had a higher mortality risk.
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Objective@#To explore the factors affecting balance ability among middle-aged and elderly people with depressive symptoms, so as to provide the evidence for improving balance ability and prevention of falls.@*Methods@#Based on the 2015 database of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), demographic information, lifestyle and health status were collected from people aged 45 years and older who scored 10 and more on the Self-rating Depression Scale or took antidepressants. The balance ability was assessed by semi-tandem and full-tandem stand tests, which was defined as meeting the standard when both tests were completed. Factors affecting the balance ability among middle-aged and elderly people with depressive symptoms were identified using a multivariable logistic regression model.@*Results@#Data were collected from 4 263 participants with an mean age of (60.73±8.53) years, including 1 748 males (41.00%) and 2 515 females (59.00%). There were 1 241 people failed to meet the standard of balance ability test, accounting for 29.11%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that participants who were at ages of 65 years and older (OR=1.234, 95%CI: 1.071-1.421), were female (OR=1.422, 95%CI: 1.161-1.741), were physically disabled (OR=1.309, 95%CI: 1.127-1.521) and had physical pain (OR=1.170, 95%CI: 1.023-1.340) had higher risks of failing to meet the standard of balance ability test, while participants who took naps (OR=0.856, 95%CI: 0.748-0.980), never smoked (OR=0.641, 95%CI: 0.517-0.793) and had social activities (OR=0.864, 95%CI: 0.755-0.988) had lower risks of failing to meet the standard of balance ability test.@*Conclusion@#The balance ability among middle-aged and elderly people with depressive symptoms was associated with age, gender, napping, smoking, social activities, physical disability and physical pain.
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Objective@#To investigate the relationship between total homocysteine (tHcy) levels and sarcopenia among the elderly, so as to provide insights into the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia.@*Methods@#The elderly aged 65 years and older who participated in the physical examination of Shibantan Township Health Center in Xindu District, Chengdu City from April to June 2021 was selected as the study subjects. The elderly with sarcopenia (diagnosed according to the diagnostic criteria of the Asian Sarcopenia Working Group in 2019) and non-sarcopenia were matched 1︰1 by gender and age (±2 years). Demographic information, skeletal muscle mass, skeletal muscle strength and tHcy were collected through questionnaire surveys, physical examination and laboratory testing. Multivariable conditional logistic regression model was used to explore the relationship between tHcy and sarcopenia.@*Results@#A total of 320 individuals, including 160 sarcopenia patients and 160 non-sarcopenia individuals, were investigated. There were 138 males (43.13%) and 182 females (56.87%), with a median age of 71.00 (interquartile range, 6.00) years. There were 57 drinkers (17.81%), 78 smokers (24.37%), 173 cases of hypertension (54.06%) and 124 cases of hyperhomocysteinemia (38.80%). Multivariable conditional logistic regression analysis showed that elevated tHcy was associated with an increased risk of sarcopenia (OR=1.107, 95%CI: 1.024-1.197), after adjusting for smoking, alcohol consumption, hypertension, waist circumference, neck circumference, body mass index, platelet count and high density lipoprotein cholesterol.@*Conclusion@#Elevated tHcy is associated with sarcopenia, and intervention should be carried out for the elderly with higher tHcy.
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Abstract Background stewart-treves syndrome (STS) is an angiosarcoma associated with chronic lymphedema. Objectives This article analyses the characteristics of twenty-two patients and proposes active intervention in lymphedema and the early diagnosis of STS. Methods Twenty-two patients with STS were diagnosed at the centre over an 11-year period. Clinical manifestations, a series of conventional analyses, and histopathology were used to study these cases retrospectively. Results The age range of 22 patients with STS was 15 to 78 years. The main clinical manifestations included multiple skin and subcutaneous nodules and scattered red or purplish-red rashes in the lymphoedematous limbs. These patients often showed clinical symptoms such as lymphedema, weakness, emaciation, pain, mass, lymphadenopathy and so on. The positive rates of ultrasonography, MRI and radionuclide imaging were 66.7% (6/9), 92.3% (12/13) and 18.2% (2/11), respectively. The main points regarding active intervention in lymphedema and early diagnosis of STS were summarized. Study limitations Since this was a retrospective study, the main points summarized by the author need to be further quantified in clinical work to guide the diagnosis of this kind of disease more conveniently. In addition, further clinical trials are needed to evaluate the role of lymphedema in the occurrence and development of malignant tumors. Conclusions STS can appear in lymphoedematous tissue many years after lymphedema onset. To avoid delays in the diagnosis and therapy of STS, physicians should actively look for signs or symptoms of malignant lymphedema during the follow-up period and promptly manage patients developing problems.
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Granzyme B is a serine protease that can play multiple roles in intracellular and extracellular perforin-dependent or non-perforin-dependent mechanisms. Granzyme B has been found to be an important factor involved in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis and is increased in both skin lesions and peripheral blood of atopic dermatitis patients. In this article, we review the correlation between granzyme B and atopic dermatitis to provide a novel therapeutic targeting option for clinical treatment of the latter.
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Objective@#To analyze the awereness and beliefs on sedentary behavior among college students and associated factors, so as to provide a reference for improving sedentary behavior.@*Methods@#A total of 1 261 students from six universities in Hangzhou City, were selected using a convenience sampling method. Sedentary behavior and its influencing factors were analyzed using the Chi square test and binary Logistic regression, respectively.@*Results@#The pass rate of the knowledge and belief scores were 33.2% and 55.5%, respectively. The average duration of sedentary behavior on weekdays and weedends were (6.73±3.03) and (6.22±3.41)h/d, respectively. The results of the binary Logistic regression analysis showed that the influencing factors of health related sedentary behavior included gender, grade, subject major, sports performance and belief score ( P <0.01). Female students were 2.18 times more likely to exhibit unhealthy sedentary behaviors than male students (95% CI =1.58-3.01); senior college students were less likely to exhibit unhealthy static behaviors than freshmen ( OR =0.38,95% CI =0.23-0.61); and sports majors were less likely to exhibit unhealthy sedentary behaviors than medical majors ( OR =0.10, 95% CI =0.03-0.34). Students with high sports performance were less likely to exhibit unhealthy sedentary behavior ( OR =0.63, 95% CI =0.48-0.83). In terms of belief scores, students who obtained a pass rate were less likely to exhibit unhealthy static behavior ( OR =0.67, 95% CI =0.52-0.87).@*Conclusion@#Sedentary behavior is common among college students, and is influenced by several factors influencing factors. Colleges and universities should pay attention to improving the knowledge and belief level of students’ sedentary behavior, promote healthy exercise habits, reduce the duration of static behavior, and maintain the health level of college students.
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@#Abstract: Objective To analyze the characteristics of bloodstream infection of Listeria monocytogenes and provide basis for the diagnosis and treatment of the disease. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the cases of Listeria monomyrhosi bloodstream infection in Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH) from April 2012 to April 2022. The age, sex, onset time, underlying disease, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of the patients were analyzed, as well as the changes of white blood cells (WBC), neutrophils, lymphocytes, and C-reactive protein (CRP) before and after anti-infection treatment. Results Fifty cases of Listeria monocytogenes bloodstream infection confirmed by blood culture were involved. The age of patients ranged from 0 to 82 (43.7±20.0) years old, among whom 20.0% were over 60 years old. The onset time of patients was the highest in spring (44.0%), followed by winter (24.0%), and relatively fewer in summer and autumn (14.0%-18.0%). The median diagnosis time was 3 days (1-60 days). After the etiological diagnosis, 45 patients (90.0%) had underlying diseases or pregnancy status, and 45 patients were adjusted to the target antibacterial treatment mainly with carbapenems (48.9%) and penicillins (44.4%). The level of WBC, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, and CRP after treatment were significantly lower than those pre-treatments (P<0.05). Among all patients, 36 cases (72.0%) were treated according to the Antimicrobial Treatment Guidelines for Fever Sanford, of which 26 cases (72.2%) were discharged from the hospital, two cases died, one case was transferred to other hospitals, and 7 cases had a poor prognosis. Conclusions Autoimmune diseases, tumor diseases, pregnant patients are susceptible to Listeria monocytogenes infection. Penicillins are the first choice for effective empiric therapy. For the patients allergic to penicillins, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole or meropenem could be used.
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@#Abstract: Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of plague and the phenotypic characteristics of Yersinia pestis strains strains in Dulan County, Qinghai Province, so as to provide theoretical reference for timely adjustment of the local plague surveillance program and prevention of plague recurrence, as well as effective experimental basis for clinical treatment and prevention. Methods The biochemical characteristics, virulence factor identification and plasmid analysis of 23 Yersinia pestis strains isolated from Dulan County, Qinghai Province from 1964 to 1994 were studied by conventional methods and molecular biology techniques. At the same time, the different region (DFR) method was applied to study the genetic typing of 23 Yersinia pestis strains isolated from Dulan County, Qinghai Province according to 23 different regions of plague genome and the designed primers based on PMT1. Results Among the 23 Y. pestis strains isolated from Dulan County, 22 strains of Y. pestis were palaeotypic biotypes, and biochemical types were Qinghai-Tibet Plateau type, and 1 strain was incompatible with both biotypes and biochemical types in this area. And 86.96% (20/23) of Y. pestis strains had four virulence factors (F1+, Pst I+, VW+, Pgm+). All of the tested strains produced F1 and Pst I, while 95.65% (22/23) of tested strains were positive for VW, and 86.96% were Pgm positive. All the 23 strains carried three plasmids, with a relative molecular weight (Mr) of 6×106, 45×106, 52×106, and these plasmids formed a stable plasmid spectrum: 6×106, 45×106, 52 ×106. The DFR typing results showed that Yersinia pestis could be divided into two genotypes, namely G05 and G08. Nineteen Yersinia pestis strains were G08 and four strains were G05. Conclusions The 23 strains of Yersinia pestis isolated from Dulan County were mostly of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau type, and had stable biochemical characteristics. The virulence of Yersinia pestis was strong. The results of plasmid analysis and genotyping showed that the Yersinia pestis had the etiological characteristics of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, which was consistent with the characteristics of Marmota himalayana plague foci in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.
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@#Abstract: Objective To analyze the recent cluster outbreaks of imported malaria and explore the risks, challenges and countermeasures for dealing with such events during malaria post-elimination era of malaria, and to provide reference for effectively addressing the risks and consolidating the achievements of malaria elimination. Methods The individual malaria case data from "The Information System for Infectious Disease Surveillance" and "The Information System For Parasitic Diseases Prevention And Control" were collected，and the diagnosis classification, infection source, time and space distribution of cases were analyzed. Results From January 1 to August 11, 2022, a total of 429 malaria cases were reported nationwide, an 18.9% decrease compared to the same period last year (529 cases), all of which were imported cases. The overall weekly trend of the outbreak remained stable, but since Week 31 (July 25-31), there has been a significant increase in the number of cases, with a peak on August 5. From July 25 to August 11, 2022, a total of 162 malaria cases were reported nationwide, up 315.4% from 39 cases in the same period last year, accounting for 37.8% of the total cases up to August 11, 2022. The main source of imported infections was Guinea (95 cases, 58.6%), with most cases reported in Longgang District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province (30 cases), Shilin County, Kunming City, Yunnan Province (21 cases), Chaoyang District, Beijing (11 cases), and Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province (7 cases). Conclusions Due to the concentration of returnees to China, several entry port cities simultaneously experienced cluster outbreaks of imported malaria, which brought immense pressure and challenges to local medical and health institutions. Health facilities at all levels need to maintain high vigilance and sensitivity, be well prepared, and avoid death and secondary transmission caused by imported cases.
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Objective@#To investigate the awareness of occupational health knowledge among workers in key industries in a district of Beijing Municipality, so as to provide the evidence for formulating occupational health knowledge propaganda and interventions.@*Methods@#A total of 1 562 workers were randomly sampled using a stratified cluster random sampling method from 10 large-size, medium-sized, small-sized/micro enterprises in the second industry in a district of Beijing Municipality. Participants' basic characteristics and awareness of occupational health knowledge were collected using the Chinese National Occupational Health Literacy Monitoring Questionnaire Among Key Populations, and the awareness of occupational health knowledge was analyzed. @*Results@#Totally 1 562 questionnaires were allocated, and 1 479 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 94.69%. There were 821 respondents from large-sized enterprises (55.51%), 307 from medium-sized enterprises (20.76%) and 351 from small-sized/micro enterprises (23.73%), and 513 respondents from 4 furniture manufactures (34.69%) and 966 from 6 automobile manufacturers (65.31%). The respondents included 1 148 men (77.62%). The awareness of occupational health knowledge was 80.53%, with 79.42% in men and 84.73% in women, and was 67.53%, 85.05%, 80.08% and 78.22% among workers with educational levels of primary school and below, junior high school, high school/vocational high school/technical secondary school and junior college and above, 76.05%, 81.67%, 81.37% and 80.86% among workers at ages of 18 to 29, 30 to 39, 40 to 49 and 50 to 69 years, 78.79%, 81.65%, 79.17% and 83.96% among workers with working duration of 3 years or less, >3 to 6 years, >6 to 10 years and longer than 10 years, and 93.37% and 74.90% among workers from furniture and automobile manufacturers, respectively. There were gender-, educational level-, age-, working duration- and industry-specific awareness rates of occupational health knowledge among workers (all P<0.05).@*Conclusions@#The awareness of occupational health knowledge among workers in key industries from a district of Beijing Municipality fail to reach the target set in the 14th Five-Year Plan for Occupational Health Control in China and Beijing Municipality. Workers' gender, educational level, age, working duration and industry may affect the awareness of occupational health knowledge, and targeted health education requires to be reinforced.
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Natural Cordyceps sinensis as an insect-fungal complex, which is developed after Ophiocordyceps sinensis infects a larva of Hepialidae family. Seventeen genotypes of O. sinensis have been identified in natural C. sinensis. This paper summarized the literature reports and GenBank database regarding occurrence and transcription of the mating-type genes of MAT1-1 and MAT1-2 idiomorphs in natural C. sinensis, in Hirsutella sinensis(GC-biased Genotype #1 of O. sinensis), to infer the mating pattern of O. sinensis in the lifecycle of natural C. sinensis. The mating-type genes and transcripts of MAT1-1 and MAT1-2 idiomorphs were identified in the metagenomes and metatranscriptomes of natural C. sinensis. However, their fungal sources are unclear because of co-colonization of several genotypes of O. sinensis and multiple fungal species in natural C. sinensis. The mating-type genes of MAT1-1 and MAT1-2 idiomorphs were differentially present in 237 H. sinensis strains, constituting the genetic control of the O. sinensis reproduction. Transcriptional control of the O. sinensis reproduction includes: differential transcription or silencing of the mating-type genes of MAT1-1 and MAT1-2 idiomorphs, and the MAT1-2-1 transcript with unspliced intron I that contains 3 stop codons. Research on the H. sinensis transcriptome demonstrated differential and complementary transcriptions of the mating-type genes of MAT1-1 and MAT1-2 idiomorphs in Strains L0106 and 1229, which may become mating partners to accomplish physiological heterothallism. The differential occurrence and transcription of the mating-type genes in H. sinensis are inconsistent with the self-fertilization hypothesis under homothallism or pseudohomothallism, but instead indicate the need of mating partners of the same H. sinensis species, either monoecious or dioecious, for physiological heterothallism, or heterospecific species for hybridization. Multiple GC-and AT-biased genotypes of O. sinensis were identified in the stroma, stromal fertile portion(densely covered with numerous ascocarps) and ascospores of natural C. sinensis. It needs to be further explored if the genome-independent O. sinensis genotypes could become mating partners to accomplish sexual reproduction. S. hepiali Strain FENG experienced differential transcription of the mating-type genes with a pattern complementary to that of H. sinensis Strain L0106. Additional evidence is needed to explore a hybridization possibility between S. hepiali and H. sinensis, whether they are able to break the interspecific reproductive isolation. Genotypes #13～14 of O. sinensis feature large DNA segment reciprocal substitutions and genetic material recombination between 2 heterospecific parental fungi, H. sinensis and an AB067719-type fungus, indicating a possibility of hybridization or parasexuality. Our analysis provides important information at the genetic and transcriptional levels regarding the mating-type gene expression and reproduction physiology of O. sinensis in the sexual life of natural C. sinensis and offers crucial reproductive physiology evidence, to assist in the design of the artificial cultivation of C. sinensis to supplement the increasing scarcity of natural resource.
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Cordyceps/génétique , Gènes fongiques du type conjugant/génétique , Reproduction/génétiqueRÉSUMÉ
Objective@#To investigate abnormal spinal curvature among primary and secondary school students in Sichuan Province, so as to provide evidence for scientific prevention.@*Methods@#Using a stratified cluster random sampling method, a total of 210 713 students of grade 4 to grade 12 from 21 cities (prefectures) in Sichuan Province were selected for spinal curvature screening and questionnaire survey from September to November 2022. Chi-square test and multivariate Logistic regression model were used to analyze the influencing factors of abnormal spinal curvature.@*Results@#The detection rate of abnormal spinal curvature was 3.42%, with urban areas (4.54%) higher than that in suburban areas(2.57%), girls (3.86%) higher than that in boys(2.98%), high school students (4.70%) higher than that in middle school students (3.80%) and elementary school students(2.21%), the differences were statistically significant ( χ 2=606.96, 123.81, 645.24, P <0.01). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that urban area, junior and senior high school, girl, carrying backpack on one shoulder, desks and chairs adjusted for student height less than ≤1 time every school year, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity less than 1 h per week, and indoors sedentary time more than 10 h/d were positively associated with abnormal spinal curvature ( OR=1.72, 1.75, 1.87, 1.26, 1.09, 1.07, 1.10, 1.25 , P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#The detection rate of abnormal spinal curvature of primary and secondary school students may be affected by the urbanicity, educational stage as well as gender in Sichuan Province. More attention should be paid to urban high school girls, and targeted strategies should be explored to reduce the incidence of abnormal spinal curvature.
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Objective@#To explore the epidemic characteristics of injury related deaths in children and adolescents aged 1-24 years old in China from 2010 to 2020, so as to provide a basis for the formulation of policies and measures related to the control of injuries and deaths among children and adolescents.@*Methods@#The data were sourced from the China Death Cause Monitoring Dataset from 2010 to 2020. Annual percentage change (APC) and average annual percentage change (AAPC) of injury deaths in China in this age group during the period 2010 to 2020 were analyzed by Join point regression.@*Results@#From 2010 to 2020, the standardized death rate of injury showed a decreasing trend (AAPC=-6.90%, t =4.58, P <0.01). The standardized death rates of male and rural injuries showed an overall downward trend, with AAPC rates of -8.37% and -7.79%( t =11.87, 10.34, P <0.01). An increasing trend was observed in the 20-24 year-old age group during 2010-2018 (APC=18.11%, t =6.50, P <0.01). The death rate from injuries was higher in males than females, and higher in rural areas compared with urban areas ( χ 2=16 483.64, 3 268.65 , P <0.01). A downward trend was observed in accidental falls and suicide, the overall standardized mortality rate of traffic accidents, accidental poisoning, fire, drowning, homicide and other injuries (AAPC=-10.22%, -6.21%, -7.50%, -7.94%, -9.01% , -10.97%, t =16.23, 7.29, 2.53, 9.32, 7.88, 4.58, P <0.05). @*Conclusion@#From 2010 to 2020, the overall injury standardized mortality rate in the 1-24 year-old age group shows a decreasing trend, but it remains at a relatively high level. Prevention efforts should be continuously strengthened, especially for urban areas, and should focus on women and those aged 20-24 years old, as well as accidental falls and suicide prevention.
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AIM To explore the effects of Yishen Ruanjian Powder on endometrial vascular remodeling in a mouse model of dysfunctional uterine bleeding(DUB).METHODS Forty female pregnant mice were randomly divided into the control group,the model group,Gongxuening Capsule group and Yishen Ruanjian Powder group,with 10 mice in each group.The mouse models were given mifepristone(8.5 mg/kg)and misoprostol(100 μg/kg)by gavage to prepare DUB mouse model,in contrast to those of the control group given the same volume of normal saline.On the first day after successful modeling,the control group and model group were given normal saline,and the other two groups went on with their 7-day regime of Gongxuening Capsule(0.07 g/kg)and Yishen Ruanjian Powder decoction(28.9 g/kg),respectively.After the administration,the mice had their endometrial pathological changes observed by HE staining;their endometrial expression of α-SMA protein detected by immunohistochemistry;their endometrial activities of Ang Ⅱ and NO,and serum levels of FSH,LH,E2 and P hormones detected by ELISA;their endometrial protein expressions of VEGF,bFGF,MMP-9 and TGF-β detected by Western blot;and theirendometrial apoptosis detected by TUNEL.RESULTS Compared with the control group,the model group displayed disordered arrangement in the endometrial epithelial cells;thinner endometrium thickness(P<0.01);decreased endometrial NO activity and the expressions of α-SMA and VEGF(P<0.01);increased Ang Ⅱ activity,apoptosis rate and protein expressions of bFGF,MMP-9 and TGF-β(P<0.01);increased serum levels of E2,FSH,and P hormones(P<0.01);and decreased LH level(P<0.01).Compared with the model group,Yishen Ruanjian Powder and Gongxuening Capsule groups displayed superior efficacy in terms of the improvements in all aforementioned incices levels(P<0.05,P<0.01).CONCLUSION Yishen Ruanjian Powder may improve endometrial vascular remodeling disorder in mouse models of DUB by regulating the level of vasoactive substances and the expression of growth factors.