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Objective@#To explore the relationship between adolescents physical fitness and depressive symptoms, and to provide reference for the early prevention and intervention of depressive symptoms and improvement of physical fitness in Chinese adolescents.@*Methods@#From September to December 2021, a total of 8 102 adolescents were selected by random cluster sampling method in Shanghai, Urumqi, Changsha and Kunming. The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale(CES-D) was used to investigate the depressive symptoms, and completed grip strength, standing long jump, 50 m running, modified sitting forward flexion, 20 s repeated traverse, 30 s sit ups, 20 m round trip running (20 m SRT) test. χ 2 test, Goodman Kruskal Gamma and Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the relationship between physical fitness index(PFI) and depressive symptoms.@*Results@#The overall detection rate of depressive symptoms in adolescents with high level PFI was 23.4%, and the detection rate of low level adolescents was 26.3%, with a statistically significant difference ( χ 2=6.73, P =0.01). There was a significant positive correlation between PFI and depressive symptoms in the high school group ( G=0.09, P <0.05) and the boy group ( G=0.12, P < 0.05 ), and there was no significant association between PFI and depressive symptoms in the junior high school group and the girl group ( P >0.05). After adjusting for gender and age in the Logistic regression model, compared with those with high PFI, the risk of depressive symptoms in those with low PFI was 1.18 times (95% CI =1.05-1.33).@*Conclusion@#There is a correlation between physical fitness and depressive symptoms in adolescents. Adolescents with low PFI are at higher risk of developing depressive symptoms than those with high PFI.
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Objective@#To measure the body mass index (BMI) of secondary school students and analyze its association with the physical fitness index, so as to improve the physical health of middle school students.@*Methods@#Using a randomized cluster stratified sampling method, 3 813 secondary school students from six cities (Ganzhou, Ji an, Fuzhou, Nanchang, Shangrao and Jiujiang) in Jiangxi Province, China, were selected in September 2022. Questionnaire survey was administered to obtain basic information and to assess the nutritional status and physical fitness tests were conducted among secondary school students. The study was stratified by gender and age, and the Kruskal Wallis H test was used to compare the differences in the mean values of grip strength, sit-ups, standing long jump performance and strength quality among secondary school students with different BMI levels, while the correlation between BMI and strength quality index was inferred by using curve regression analysis.@*Results@#There was statistical significance in the strength quality index of middle school students with different BMI level ( H=56.79, 8.84, P <0.05). Except 13 years old group, the difference of physical fitness by BMI grade strength quality index of boys in other age groups was statistically significant ( H =22.21, 16.23, 17.98, 18.21, 8.08), while the difference of physical fitness by BMI of girls at 14 years old was statistically significant ( H =9.11)( P <0.05). The curve fitting using regression showed that the physical fitness index and BMI of middle school students (boys and girls) show an inverted U-shaped curve. The physical fitness index was higher in the middle region of BMI ( Z-score) and lower in the two end regions, while showing a decreasing trend from the middle to the two ends.@*Conclusion@#An association is found between BMI and physical fitness among secondary school students in Jiangxi Province, and wasting and overweight/obesity are negatively correlated with physical fitness. Greater attention should be paid to the nutritional status of secondary school students to ensure the normal development of physical fitness.
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TMTP1,a 5-amino acid peptide NVVRQ,obtained by using the flagella peptide library screening in our previous studies,can be used for the labeling of malignant in situ and metastatic lesions,and even micro-metastases.In this study,TMTP1 was assessed for its ability to specifically target the malignant hematopoietic cells and metastatic lesions of hematological malignancies.FITC-TMTP 1 was chemically synthesized.Immunofluorescence assay and competitive test were carried out to determine the specific binding capacity of TMTPI to hematological malignant cell lines,including HL60,k562,SHI-1,Jurkat,Raji,El-4 and umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells.Mononuclear cells were isolated from the bone marrow of healthy subjects and patients with chronic myeloid leukemia.Then the cells were co-clutured with TMTP1 or scrambled peptides and the binding and affinity of TMTP1 peptide to the primary cells of hematological malignancies were flow cytometrically analyzed.The binding specificity of TMTP 1 to target hematological malignancies was measured in vivo by intravenous injection of FITC-conjugated TMTP1 into El-4 lymphoma-bearing mice.The results showed that TMTP1 specifically bound to the cells of a series of hematological malignancies,including HL60,k562,Jurkat,Raji,El-4 and chronic myeloid leukemia primary cells but not to bone marrow mononuclear cells from healthy subjects.By contrast,TMTP1 could bind to the metastatic foci of lymphoma originating from the EL-4 cell line while the scrambled peptide failed to do so.Moreover,the occult metastases could be identified,with high specificity,by detecting FITC-TMTP1.We are led to conclude that TMTP1,as a novel tumor-homing peptide,can serve as a marker for primary malignant and metastatic lesions for the early diagnosis of hematological malignances and a carrier of anticancer drugs for cancer treatment.
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Recent studies indicate that immune-associated aplastic anemia(AA)resembles such autoimmune diseases as insulin-dependent diabetes and chronic autoimmune thyroiditis that belong to organ-specific autoimmune diseases.Many independent investigation groups have successfully isolated the pathopoiesis-associated T cell clone causing hematopoiesis failure with a CD4 phenotype from peripheral blood and bone marrow(BM)in AA patients.In the current study,BM CD4+ T cells were isolated from AA patients and healthy controls with immunomagnetic beads sorting,and proliferation capability,apoptosis features and the impacts of their secreted cytokines on hematopoiesis stem/progenitor cells were compared between them.By 3H-TdR method,CD4+ T cells in AA group presented more enhanced proliferative activity.The stimulation index in control group and AA group was 1.47±0.24,and 2.51±0.34 respectively(P<0.01).After BM CD4+ T cells were induced by high concentration of CD3 monoclonal antibody for 18h,evident apoptosis cells could be seen under the electron microscope in both control group and AA group.Flow cytometry revealed that apoptosis rates in the early and late stages of AA group were significantly higher than in control group(P<0.01).Early-stage apoptosis rate in control and AA groups was(6.85±1.48)% and(16.98±4.40)%,and late-stage apoptosis rate in control group and AA group was(2.654±1.57)% and(7.74±0.83)%,respectively(P<0.01).The CFU-GM count in AA group and control group was(74.50±9.50)/104 cells and(124.25±19.80)/104 cells respectively under an inverted microscope(P<0.01),and the expression levels of CyclinD3 mRNA and protein in cord blood CD34+ cells were both down-regulated induced by BM CD4+ T cell culture supernatant in AA patients.These results indicate that BM CD4+ T cells of AA patients are likely in an abnormally proliferative,and activated state which can correlate intimately with AA hematopoiesis damage.BM CD4+ T cells in AA patients can secret some soluble cytokines that can inhibit proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells by suppressing the expression of Cyclin D3,resulting in hematopoiesis failure.
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The effects of two different histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors, sodium butyrate (NAB) and trichostatin A (TSA),on apoptosis of human leukemic cells in vitro and the molecular mechanisms were investigated. The experiments were divided up 5 groups: control group, NaB group, TSA group,NaB+Z-VAD-FMK group and TSA+Z-VAD-FMK group. The apoptosis rate was determined by mor-phological analysis and flow cytomytry. The expression of Daxx, Bcl-2, and Bcl-xl proteins was de-tected by Western blot. NaB and TSA could induce the apoptosis of HL-60 and K562 cells, and Z-VAD-FMK caused a marked decrease in apoptosis induced by HDAC inhibitors. HDAC inhibitors could down-regulate the expression of Daxx protein, but had no significant influence on the expression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl proteins. The results suggested that NaB and TSA induce distinct caspase-dependent apoptosis of human leukemic cells through down-regulating the expression of Daxx protein in vitro.
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In order to investigate the role of the PTEN expression in carcinogenesis and develop-ment of endometrial carcinoma and clarify whether and how PTEN and PI3K/Akt pathway relate to endometrial carcinoma,the expression of PTEN and phospho-Akt was detected by semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) methods and Western-blot from 24 cases of endomctrial carcinoma,10 cases of endometrial atypical hyperplasia,10 cases of endometrial hy-perplasia,and 10 cases of normal endometrium.SP immunohistochemical methods were used to measure levels of PTEN protein expression in following 5 study groups:31 cases of endometrium in proliferative phase,30 cases of endometrium in secretory phase,71 cases of endometrial hyperplasia,25 cases of atypical hyperplasia and 73 cases of endometrial carcinoma.Immunostaining score of PTEN was 3.39±0.15 in proliferative phase,1.90±0.21 in secretory phase,3.34～0.29 in endometrial hyperplasia,0.624±0.11 in atypical hyperplasia,and 0.74±0.19 in endometrial carcinoma,respectively.PTEN mRNA relative value in normal endometrium,endometrial hyperplasia,endometrial atypical hyperplasia,and endometrial carcinoma was 2.45±0.51,2.32±0.32,0.46±0.11,and 0.35±0.13 respec-tively.The expression levels of PTEN mRNA and protein in patients with endometrial carcinoma and atypical hyperplasia were significantly lower than in those of proliferative phase and with endo-metrial hyperplasia.The level of PTEN expression in patients with endometrial carcinoma was sig-nificantly related to tissue type (P<0.005),differentiation (P<0.05) and clinical stage (P<0.05),but not to depth of myometrium invasion (P>0.05).Western blot analysis revealed that Phospho-Akt level in PTEN negative cases was significantly higher,and there was a negative correlation between PTEN and phospho-Akt (r=- 0.8973,P<0.0001).It was suggested that loss of PTEN expression was an early event in endometrial tumorigenesis.The phosphorylation of Akt induced by the loss of PTEN took part in the tumorigenesis and development of endometrial carcinoma.
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to the changes of pro-proliferation genes and anti-apoptosis genes.
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To screen for novel binding proteins interacting with high-risk HPV 18 E6 oncogene, the strain AH109 was transformed with pGBKT7-HPV18 E6 plasmid, and subsequent transference was utilized to screen for interacting proteins with HPV 18 E6 in human Hela cDNA library. HPVl8 E6 mRNA was expressed in yeast and there was no self-activation and toxicity in AH109. Seven proteins that interacted with HPV18 E6, including transmembrane protein 87B, phosphonoformate im- muno-associated protein 5, vimentin, KM-HN-1 protein, dedicator of cytokinesis 7, vaccinia related kinase 2 and a hypothetical protein, were identified. It was suggested that yeast two-hybrid system is an efficient for screening interacting proteins. The high-risk HPV 18 E6 oncogene may interact with the proteins, which may be associated with signal transduction and transeriptional control, epithelial cell invasion and migration, as well as humoral and cellular immune etc. This investigation provides functional clues for further exploration of potential oncogenesis targets for cancer biotherapy.
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The aim of the present study was to explore the differentially expressed genes in the blood vessel endothelial cells (BVECs) between diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and reac- tive lymph node hyperplasia (RLNH), and to perform an initial bioinformatics analysis on a novel gene, C20orf14, which is highly expressed in lymph node of lymphoma. The mRNA of the tissue from the BVECs of DLBCL and RLNH tissues was labeled with biotin respectively and hybridized with expression profile microarray, and the differentially expressed genes were obtained. Initial bio- informatics analysis was performed on a novel gene named C20orf14. Its gene structure, genomic lo- calization, the physical and chemical characteristics of the putative protein, subcellular localization, functional domain etc. were predicted, and the systematic evolution analysis was performed on the similar proteins among several species. By using expression profile microarray, many differentially expressed genes were uncovered. The efficient bioinformatics analysis have fundamentally identified that C20orfl4 was a nuclear protein, and may be involved in the post-transcription modification of mRNA. Therefore, microarray is an efficient and high throughout strategy for the detection of differ- entially expressed genes, and C20orf14 is thought to be a potential target for tumor metastasis re- searches by bioinformatics analysis.
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Summary: Glomerulosclerosis, defined as phenotype transition of mesangial cell and deposition of extracelluar matrix, remains a chronic disease with excessive morbidity and mortality. The molecular mechanism underlying the suppression of mesangial cell activation is not fully understood. Since activation of peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor γ (PPAR1,) has been proposed to decrease the effects of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) on glomerulosclerosis, we examined here whether and how telmisartan, an angiotensin Ⅱ type Ⅰ receptor blocker with PPARγ-modulating activity, inhibited TGF-β-induced giomerulosclerosis in rat glomerular mesangial cells. Protein levels of PPARγ were detected by Western blot. Activation of PPARγ response element (PPRE) was analyzed by luciferase assays. Deposition of extracelluar matrix was tested by confocol laser scanning. The results showed that telmisartan, but not valsartan, another angiotensin Ⅱ type Ⅰ receptor blocker,up-regulated PPARγ protein levels in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05). Activation of PPRE, represented by luciferase activity, was also increased with higher concentration of telmisartan in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05). Furthermore, telmisartan inhibited TGF-β-induced α-smooth muscle actin expression and collagen IV secretion in mesangial cells. GW9662, an inhibitor of PPAR-γ,blocked the inhibitory effects of telmisartan on TGF-β-induced glomerulosclerosis in mesangial cells. Our study indicates a benefit of telmisartan as a PPARγ agonist against TGF-β-induced mesangial cells activation in renal glomerulus. It may provide possibility that telmisartan works as a potential agent against diabetic nephropathy and hypertensive renal disease.