RÉSUMÉ
Mustard is an important oilseed crop in India. Alternaria leaf blight caused by Alternaria brassicae is an economically important disease of oilseed brassicas as it reduces the quality and quantity of the seeds. Botanical extracts and essential oils were tested on Alternaria brassicae at different concentrations to evaluate the effect in vitro by poison food technique in Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The study was done at the Department of Plant Pathology laboratory, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences during 2021-2022. The results revealed that all the botanical extracts and essential oils tested significantly inhibited the mycelial growth of Alternaria brassicae. Among the botanical extracts, the highest mycelial growth inhibition was found in garlic bulb extract @ 15% (93.11%), followed by garlic bulb extract @ 10% (87.33%). Among essential oils the maximum mycelial growth inhibition per cent was observed in eucalyptus oil @ 3% (95.77%), followed by eucalyptus oil @ 2% (88.22%). The higher concentration of all the botanical extracts and essential oils shows significantly higher per cent mycelial growth inhibition as compared to their lower levels.
RÉSUMÉ
Rapeseed-mustard is one of the major oilseed crops cultivated in India. Alternaria brassicae is the most destructive pathogen of oilseeds. The present study aims to evaluate the effect of bio-agents and elicitors on Alternaria brassicae of mustard in vitro using dual culture technique and poison food technique in completely randomized design (CRD). The study was conducted at the Department of Plant Pathology Laboratory, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology And Sciences, Prayagraj. The results revealed that among bio-agents, Trichoderma viride + Pseudomonas fluorescens (87.70mm) recorded the maximum per cent inhibition of mycelial growth of Alternaria brassicae, followed by Trichoderma viride (82.60mm). Among elicitors, the maximum per cent inhibition of the pathogen was recorded by salicylic acid at 150 ppm (75.33%), followed by salicylic acid at 100 ppm (58.69%).
RÉSUMÉ
Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is the second most important bulb crop after onion. It is a major spice crop. Garlic is attacked by many diseases, one of which is Purple blotch. This study was aimed to determine the effect of botanicals and bio-agent on purple blotch disease of garlic caused by Alternaria porri. The research work was undertaken at Central Research Farm (CRF) Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, SHUATS, Naini, Prayagraj during Rabi in 2022-23. A randomized block design with eight treatments was employed including T0 (Control - untreated) , T1 ( Azoxystrobin @0.1% as treated check), T2 (Trichoderma harzianum @10g/litre) , T3 (Lantana camara leaf extract @10%), T4 (Azadirachta indica leaf extract @10%), T5 (Henna leaf extract @2% + Licorice root extract @2% + Rosemary leaf extract @2% ), T6 (Licorice root extract @10%) and T7 (Neem cake @50g/m2). The treatments led to significant decrease in purple blotch severity in garlic.The results revealed that among the treatments, T7 showed minimum disease intensity (4.33, 18.74 and 26.35%) at 30, 60 and 90 days after sowing (DAS) respectively; while maximum disease intensity was recorded in T0 (10.42, 25.52 and 34.68%). T7 also recorded maximum plant height (24.02, 34.01 and 45.71cm) at 30, 60 and 90 DAS, respectively and highest yield of 4.46t/ha. Maximum number of leaves were recorded with T3 (5.53, 7.5 and 9.4) at 30, 60 and 90 DAS respectively. Fungicide usage is increasing day by day that can lead to negative effect on human and soil health in the long run, so there is need to find effective and economic alternatives preferably some bio-agents and botanicals.
RÉSUMÉ
The betelvine (Piper betle L.) is a perennial climbing evergreen shrub belonging to the Piperaceae, also known as the pepper family. As leaves has economic part of betelvine crop and consumed freshly harvested leaves. The present study were carried out at farmer’s field in collaboration with Department of Plant Pathology, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture Technology and Sciences Prayagraj to find out the ecological, environmentally and biological safe treatment to manage the disease as well increases the plant height and leaves length. Among all the treatment Trichoderma harzianum found to increase maximum plant height at different days after planting. While, Trichoderma viride increases the maximum leaves length and breadth during both the year.