Opinions on the nomenclature of familial cortical myoclonic tremor with epilepsy / 中华神经科杂志

Familial cortical myoclonic tremor with epilepsy (FCMTE) is a rare neurological disorder. There were more than 10 different terms of disease name in domestic and international published articles by searching FCMTE from PubMed and Wanfang database (from 1990 to 2022), which indicated the different understanding of the disease. It is necessary to discuss the correct and consentaneous name of the disease to facilitate the professional investigation in the future. The name evolution of FCMTE and the author′s views are described in this article.

Development of the Scientific, Transparent and Applicable Rankings (STAR) tool for clinical practice guidelines / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#This study aimed to develop a comprehensive instrument for evaluating and ranking clinical practice guidelines, named Scientific, Transparent and Applicable Rankings tool (STAR), and test its reliability, validity, and usability.@*METHODS@#This study set up a multidisciplinary working group including guideline methodologists, statisticians, journal editors, clinicians, and other experts. Scoping review, Delphi methods, and hierarchical analysis were used to develop the STAR tool. We evaluated the instrument's intrinsic and interrater reliability, content and criterion validity, and usability.@*RESULTS@#STAR contained 39 items grouped into 11 domains. The mean intrinsic reliability of the domains, indicated by Cronbach's α coefficient, was 0.588 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.414, 0.762). Interrater reliability as assessed with Cohen's kappa coefficient was 0.774 (95% CI: 0.740, 0.807) for methodological evaluators and 0.618 (95% CI: 0.587, 0.648) for clinical evaluators. The overall content validity index was 0.905. Pearson's r correlation for criterion validity was 0.885 (95% CI: 0.804, 0.932). The mean usability score of the items was 4.6 and the median time spent to evaluate each guideline was 20 min.@*CONCLUSION@#The instrument performed well in terms of reliability, validity, and efficiency, and can be used for comprehensively evaluating and ranking guidelines.

Clinical and electro-physiological characteristics of reflex epilepsy induced by thinking activities / 中华神经科杂志

Objective:To explore the clinical and electro-physiological characteristics of reflex epilepsy induced by thinking activities.Methods:Five patients of reflex epilepsy induced by thinking activities during electroencephalogram (EEG) monitoring in the EEG Monitoring Center, Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital,the Air Force Military Medical University from January 2017 to September 2019 were studied and followed up.Results:All the 5 patients are male, aged 14 to 33 years, with the disease course of 3 to 9 years and the follow-up of 1 to 4 years. The myoclonic jerks, spasms seizure and generalized tonic and clonic seizure occured to the 5 patients. The EEG background of low amplitude alpha rhythm was recorded in the 5 patiens. The ictal-EEG of 2 cases showed the spike wave or spike slow complex waves in the central, parietal area, and the ictal-EEG of 1 case showed the generalized spike-wave discharge. There were no seizures occuring to the 2 cases during video-electroencephalography monitoring. There were no abnormalities in cranial magnetic resonance imaging. The arterial spin labeling of 2 cases suggested that the right cerebral hemisphere cerebral blood flow was lower than contralateral. Antiseizure drugs (levetiracetam in 4 cases and levetiracetam+magnesium valproate in 1 case) were administered, 4 cases were seizure free and 1 case was uncontrolled.Conclusions:The reflex epilepsy induced by thinking activities is common in young men, and the EEG background with low amplitude alpha rhythm may be the characteristic of the reflex epilepsy induced by thinking activities. The levetiracetam may be the good choice for the reflex epilepsy induced by thinking activities and the prognosis of reflex epilepsy induced by thinking activities is good.

Clinical and electrophysiological study of sleep-related hypermotor epilepsy during rapid eye movement sleep / 中华神经科杂志

Objective:To explore the electro-clinical characteristics of sleep-related hypermotor epilepsy (SHE) in rapid eye movement (REM) stage.Methods:Five patients of SHE in REM stage were studied and followed up in the Electroencephalogram Monitoring Center, Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, the Air Force Military Medical University, from January 2016 to August 2021.Results:Among the 5 patients, there are 3 male patients, aged 21 to 46 years. A total of 23 seizures were monitored in 5 patients, of which 22 occurred in REM sleep and 1 occurred in non-REM Ⅲ sleep. Each attack lasted from 30 seconds to 1 minute, and was manifested as "hyperkinetic attack" during sleep, with or without disturbance of consciousness. There were no obvious abnormalities in electroencephalography during 13 attacks, with the focal sharp slow waves or slow waves during 9 attacks, and the focal slow waves occurrence at the end of the 10 attacks.Conclusion:Most of the hypermotor epileptic seizures in REM stage started from awakening reaction, and the interictal discharges occured in waking and non-REM sleep stage, which is necessary to distinguish from the REM sleep behavior disorder.

Bilateral superior cervical ganglionectomy attenuates cardiac remodeling and improves cardiac function in pressure-overloaded heart failure mice / 中华心血管病杂志

Objective: To investigate the effect of bilateral superior cervical ganglionectomy on cardiac remodeling and function in pressure-overloaded heart failure (HF) mice. Methods: Pressure-overloaded HF mouse model was produced by severe thoracic aorta banding (sTAB). Bilateral superior cervical ganglionectomy (SCGx) was performed 2 weeks after sTAB. Twenty four 6-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were randomized divided into 4 groups (n=6 each): control group: sham sTAB+sham SCGx; denervated group: sham sTAB+SCGx; HF group: sTAB+sham SCGx; denervated HF group: sTAB+SCGx. Cardiac function was measured by echocardiography at week 0, 1, 2, and 4 after sTAB, respectively. All mice were sacrificed at the end of week 4 and heart tissues were harvested. HE and Masson staining were performed. Immunohistochemical staining (IHC) for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), adrenergic receptor β1 (AR-β1) and CD68 was performed. Western blot was used to determine the protein expression level of TH, B type natriuretic peptide (BNP), and AR-β1. Results: Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) declined continuously in HF group. LVEF was similar between denervated HF group and control group at various time points (P>0.05). LVEF was significantly higher in denervated HF group than in HF group at the end of week 4 (P<0.05). HE staining showed that cross sectional cardiomyocyte area was significantly larger in HF group than in control group and denervated HF group (P<0.05), which was similar between denervated HF group and control group (P>0.05). Masson staining showed that fibrosis level was significantly lower in denervated HF group than in HF group (P<0.05). IHC showed that TH+nerves and CD68+ macrophages were significantly increased in HF mice as compared to control mice (P<0.05), whereas this change was abolished in denervated HF group. AR-β1 was significantly down-regulated in HF group compared with control group (P<0.05), which was not affected by denervation (P>0.05). Western blot demonstrated that the expression level of TH and BNP was significantly higher in HF group compared with the control group (P<0.05), whereas this difference was diminished in denervated HF group (P>0.05). Conclusion: Bilateral superior cervical ganglionectomy can reduce sympathetic innervation and macrophage infiltration in pressure overloaded failure heart, thus attenuate cardiac remodeling and improve cardiac function.

Development and validation of ELISA method for detection of human signal regulatory protein α-anti-CD20 mouse chimeric antibody fusion protein IMM0306 in human serum / 药学学报

IMM0306 is a recombinant human signal regulatory protein α-anti-CD20 mouse chimeric antibody fusion protein, intended to treat refractory or recurrent CD20 positive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL) in clinical. In this study, an ELISA method was established to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of IMM0306 in human serum. The experiment was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Cancer Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (No. CTR20192612). Recombinant human CD47 protein was coated with the plate overnight, blocking the plate with 5% skin milk for 2 h. After washing, 100 μL per well standard and unknown samples were added, and incubated for 1.5 h. After washing, the detection antibody Anti-IMM0306-Biotin was added and incubated for 1 h, and then HRP-labeled streptavidin was added for 1 h, and the color was detected. The optimal concentration of coating reagent was 2 μg·mL-1 by ELISA method, and the optimal dilution of anti-IMM0306-biotin and SA-HRP were 1∶500 and 1∶5 000, respectively. The lower limit of quantitation was 4 ng·mL-1, and the standard curve range was 4-100 ng·mL-1. The verification results of the method meets the corresponding acceptance criteria, and can be used in IMM0306 clinical pharmacokinetic studies.

Clinical and electrophysiological features of patients with coexistence of epilepsy and narcolepsy / 中华神经科杂志

Objective:To describe the electroclinical features of the coexistence of epilepsy and narcolepsy.Methods:The electroencephalography database was searched using the terms “epilepsy” and “narcolepsy” over a four-year period from January 2016 to December 2019 in the Xijing Hospital. The clinical and electrophysiological characteristics of patients with coexistence of epilepsy and narcolepsy were studied.Results:Five patients with comorbidity for epilepsy and narcolepsy were found, of which three patients were female, two patients were male. The age at epilepsy onset and narcolepsy onset was 2-12 years and 8-17 years, respectively. There were two patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy, one with sleep-related hypermoter epilepsy, one with epilepsy with retardation of brain development, one with symptomatic epilepsy with cognitive decline. All the patients had narcolepsy with cataplexy, which followed the onset of epilepsy by three months to eight years. All the patients accepted 24 h video electroencephalography monitoring and multiple sleep latency test. Interictal epileptic discharges were found, mean sleep latency was<8 min, and two or more sleep onset rapid eye movement periods were recorded. Duloxetine hydrochloride can effectively improve the drowsiness and catalepsy symptoms of narcolepsy, and seizures did not worsen in patients using duloxetine hydrochloride.Conclusions:Both generalized and focal epilepsy can occur in narcolepsy with cataplexy. Duloxetine hydrochloride may be safe and effective in treating narcolepsy in patients with epilepsy.

The Relationship between HIF1α and WTAP Expression Level in t(8;21) Acute Myeloid Leukemia / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the relationship between hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF1α) and Wilms' tumor 1associating protein (WTAP) expression level in t(8;21) acute myeloid leukemia cells.@*METHODS@#The t(8;21) acute myeloid leukemia cell lines, including SKNO-1 and Kasumi-1 were treated by Echinomycin for 24 h, RT-qPCR and Western blot were used to detect the expression levels of WTAP mRNA and the protein. The CoCl @*RESULTS@#The expression level of WTAP mRNA and the protein in the echinomycin treated group was significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.01). The expression level of WTAP protein in the CoCl@*CONCLUSION@#The inhibition of HIF1-α could down-regulates the expression of WTAP, while the up-regulation of HIF1α could up-regulates the expression of WTAP, which shows that there is a positive correlation of HIF1α and WTAP expression. This result suggesting that HIF1α may be involves in the expression regulation of WTAP gene.

Effects of different storage conditions on edible quality and antioxidant activity of Polygonatum cyrtonema flowers / 中国中药杂志

The flower of Polygonatum cyrtonema has good edible and medicinal values. In this study, four samples of P. cyrtonema flowers from different regions were selected as test materials. The contents, composition and antioxidant activities of lipid-soluble pigments and alcohol-soluble components were determined under different light and temperature conditions, which help to reveal the discoloration reason and the composition variation patterns during storage. The results showed that light and temperature had different effects on the lipid-soluble pigments and alcohol-soluble components in the dried flowers during storage. After storage for 4 weeks, the contents of total chlorophyll, carotenoids, phenols and saponins in the samples exposed to light respectively decreased by 62.62%, 66.4%, 68.7% and 43.4% compared with those in the dark. The decreases in the contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, lutein, β-carotene and zeaxanthin were 64.64%, 56.74%, 59.2%, 77.7% and 45.4%, respectively. The contents of pigments and components in the samples stored at-20 ℃ were significantly higher than those at room temperature and 4 ℃, indicating that low temperature was conductive to the stability of lipid-soluble pigments and alcohol-soluble components. The samples stored at low temperature and in the dark had the strongest free radical scavenging activity. The results suggest that P. cyrtonema dried flowers should be stored in low temperature environment without light, which can slow down the degradation of internal components. The study provides a theoretical basis for the production, processing and storage of P. cyrtonema flowers.

Powder modificationfor improving content uniformity of Ziyin Yiwei Capsules / 中国中药杂志

Based on the defects in powder properties of the contents of Ziyin Yiwei Capsules, this study screened out the main medicinal slice powders causing the poor powdery properties, and introduced the powder modification process to improve the powdery properties of these slice powders, the pharmaceutical properties of the capsule contents, and the content uniformity of Ziyin Yiwei Capsules, so as to provide a demonstration for the application of powder modification technology to the preparation of Chinese medicinal solid preparations. Through the investigation on the powder properties of the contents of Ziyin Yiwei Capsules, it was clarified that the pulverized particle size of the capsule contents had a good correlation with the pulverization time. According to the measurement results of the powder fluidity and wettability, the quality defects of the capsule contents were caused by the fine powders of Taraxaci Herba and Lungwortlike Herba. "Core-shell" composite particles were prepared from medicinal excipients magnesium stearate and fine powders of Taraxaci Herba and Lungwortlike Herba slices after ultra-fine pulverization to improve the powder properties of the problematic fine powders. Powder characterization data including fluidity and wettability were measured, followed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and infrared ray(IR) detection. It was determined that the optimal dosage of magnesium stearate was 2%, and the compositing time was 3 min. The composite particles were then used as content components of the Ziyin Yiwei Capsules. The powder characteristics between the original capsule and the modified composite capsule including the particle size, fluidity, wettability, uniformity of bulk density, and uniformity of chromatism as well as the content uniformity and in vitro dissolution were compared. The results showed that the powder characteristics and content uniformity of the prepared composite capsule were significantly improved, while the material basis of the preparation was not changed before and after modification. The preparation process was proved to be stable and feasible. The powder modification technology solved the pharmaceutical defects that were easy to appear in the preparation of traditional capsules, which has provided experimental evidence for the use of powder modification technology for improving the quality of Chinese medicinal solid preparations and promoting the secondary development and upgrading of traditional Chinese medicinal dosage forms such as capsules.

Influencing factors of weaning outcome of intensive care unit patients with planned extubation / 中华危重病急救医学

Objective:To determine the risk factors of extubation failure and its effect on the prognosis of patients who had successfully passed a spontaneous breathing trial (SBT).Methods:The clinical data of patients with mechanical ventilation more than 24 hours who passed SBT admitted to department of intensive care unit (ICU) of First Hospital of Qinhuangdao from November 2018 to November 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the outcome of weaning within 48 hours after weaning, patients were divided into weaning success group and weaning failure group. The baseline data, the presence of basic cardiopulmonary diseases, B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), fluid balance, albumin and hemoglobin within 24 hours before weaning, the time of mechanical ventilation before weaning, rapid shallow breathing index (RSBI) during SBT, oxygenation index, cough peak flow at the end of SBT, and prognostic indicators were collected. The outcome of weaning was taken as the dependent variable, and the observation factors were taken as the independent variable for univariate analysis. The factors with statistical significance in univariate analysis were analyzed by binary Logistic regression to determine the influencing factors of weaning failure.Results:Of the 204 patients, 167 (81.9%) were successfully weaned, and 37 (18.1%) failed. Compared with the weaning success group, the total duration of mechanical ventilation and the length of ICU stay in the weaning failure group were significantly longer [days: 13.0 (7.5, 23.5) vs. 5.0 (3.0, 8.0), 17.0 (12.5, 31.0) vs. 10.0 (6.0, 15.0), both P < 0.01], and the tracheotomy rate and mortality were significantly higher (32.4% vs. 0%, 51.4% vs. 0%, both P < 0.01). Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in age, proportion of patients with cardiopulmonary diseases, BNP and cough peak flow between weaning failure group and weaning success group [age (years old): 70.65±15.78 vs. 62.69±15.82, cardiopulmonary diseases: 62.2% vs. 24.6%, BNP (ng/L): 416.87 (32.70, 1 225.80) vs. 45.36 (10.00, 273.60), cough peak flow (L/min): 59.89±9.06 vs. 83.84±16.52, all P < 0.01]. However, there were no significant differences in gender, acute physiology and chronic health evaluationⅡ (APACHEⅡ) at admission, mechanical ventilation time before weaning, albumin, hemoglobin, oxygenation index, RSBI and fluid balance 24 hours before weaning between weaning failure group and weaning success group [male: 51.4% vs. 68.3%, APACHEⅡ: 16.70±6.65 vs. 15.67±6.28, mechanical ventilation time before weaning (days): 6.0 (2.5, 11.0) vs. 5.0 (3.0, 8.0), albumin (g/L): 27.78±4.15 vs. 27.76±4.46, hemoglobin (g/L): 102.43±15.80 vs. 100.61±17.19, oxygenation index (mmHg, 1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa): 359.33±79.83 vs. 365.75±78.23, RSBI (times·L -1·min -1): 50.73±24.97 vs. 46.76±15.53, positive fluid balance: 70.3% vs. 69.5%, all P > 0.05]. The results of binary Logistic regression analysis showed that age ≥ 75 years old [odds ratio ( OR) = 3.099, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was 1.003-9.574, P = 0.049], presence of cardiopulmonary diseases ( OR = 3.599, 95% CI was 1.126-11.498, P = 0.031), BNP within 24 hours before weaning ( OR = 1.002, 95% CI was 1.000-1.003, P = 0.005) were the risk factors of extubation failure, while cough peak flow at the end of SBT was the protective factor ( OR = 0.869, 95% CI was 0.823-0.917, P = 0.000). Conclusions:For patients who had successfully passed SBT, age ≥ 75 years old, the presence of cardiopulmonary diseases and an increased level of BNP within 24 hours were the risk factors of extubation failure. In addition, the higher the cough peak flow at the end of SBT, the lower the risk of weaning failure will be.

Clinical and electrophysiological study of familial cortical myoclonic tremor with epilepsy with fixation-off sensitivity / 中华神经科杂志

Objective:To discuss the clinical and electrophysiological characteristics of familial cortical myoclonic tremor with epilepsy (FCMTE) with fixation-off sensitivity (FOS).Methods:The clinical and electrophysiological characteristics of four patients diagnosed as FCMTE with FOS in the Electroencephalography (EEG) Monitoring Center of Xijing Hospital from May 2016 to December 2017 were studied and followed up.Results:The four patients were all female. The age was ranged from 29 to 67 years. The course was from six to 30 years, and the follow-up time was at least two years. The tremors and jerks occurred to the four patients frequently when the eyes were closed, which prevented their falling a sleep, and three of them had generalized tonic-clonic seizure occasionally. The FOS was monitored in the all four patients, and the photosensitivity occured to the three of them.Conclusions:The fixation-off sensitive trail during EEG monitoring is helpful to find the FCMTE with FOS. It is necessary to determine the potential clinical significance of FOS and photosensitivity coexisting in patients with FCMTE.

Clinical and electrophysiological study of neck myoclonus during sleep / 中华神经科杂志

Objective:To discuss the clinical and electrophysiological characteristics of neck myoclonus during sleep.Methods:The clinical and electrophysiological characteristics of 31 patients in the Electroencephalography Monitoring Center of Xijing Hospital from January 2020 to August 2020 were studied retrospectively. All the patients received video-polysomnography and video-electroencephalography.Results:There were 22 males (71%) and nine females (29%) in the 31 patients. The mean age of the patients at the time of inclusion in the study was 27.8 years. Neck myoclonus was most common in patients with narcolepsy ( n=8), followed by epilepsy ( n=4), obstructive sleep apnea syndrome ( n=4), anxiety and depression ( n=3), snoring ( n=3), etc. A total of 555 motor events were considered and analyzed, 89.5% (497/555) of which occurred during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. The mean neck myoclonus index in REM sleep (5.8) was significantly higher than that in non-rapid eye movement sleep (0.2). Totally 48.3% (268/555) of neck myoclonus were accompanied by an arousal, 0.7% (4/555) by a full awakening, and 2.7% (15/555) by limb movements. Conclusions:Neck myoclonus is common during REM sleep, which can occur in patients with sleep disorders and epilepsy. Physiological or pathological significance of neck myoclonus has to be investigated in further studies.

Effects of inflammation and immunoregulatory responses in the formation of peritoneal adhesion / 国际生物医学工程杂志

Peritoneal adhesion (PA) is a high morbidity complication after surgical procedures, with serious clinical consequences and requiring substantial medical expenditure. The pathogenesis of PA is complex and is still not very clear. Clinically, it is mainly treated by optimizing surgical protocols, using anti-adhesion drugs and biomaterial barriers. Although these methods have shown certain preventive effects, the effectiveness needs to be further improved. Elucidating the mechanism of PA formation is the basis and premise for preventing its occurrence. In the process of PA formation, a variety of inflammatory cells, inflammatory factors play important roles. In this paper, the mechanism of inflammation and immunoregulatory responses in the formation of adhesions in the peritoneal cavity was reviewed, in order to provide a reference for the improvement of PA prevention strategies.

Relationship between T-cell receptor α gene polymorphisms and symptomatic differences in patients with narcolepsy type 1 / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#Recent genome-wide association studies have identified an important role of T-cell receptor α (TRA) gene in the development of narcolepsy type 1. However, the role of TRA haplotype polymorphisms in the symptomatic diversity of narcolepsy remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether TRA polymorphisms can influence the symptomatic diversity of narcolepsy.@*METHODS@#Totally, 903 patients with narcolepsy type 1 were included in the study. Patients were divided into different groups according to their symptoms. First, 13 genotyped single nucleotide polymorphisms in the TRA were assessed for their association with symptoms of narcolepsy. We used the Chi-square test to determine differences in genotype frequencies in patients with narcolepsy. Further, we identified the haplotypes and variations of the TRA and tested their association with the symptoms of narcolepsy using a logistic regression model.@*RESULTS@#According to the results of the logistic regression, TRA haplotypes TG and CT were significantly associated with auditory hallucination, with odds ratios of 1.235 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.012-1.507) and 1.236 (95% CI, 1.012-1.511), respectively (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The patterns of haplotype in TRA (haplotypes TG and CT) are associated with hypnagogic auditory hallucination in patients with narcolepsy type 1. However, further studies are needed to confirm our results and explore the underlying mechanisms.

Relationship between T-cell receptor α gene polymorphisms and symptomatic differences in patients with narcolepsy type 1 / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

Background@#Recent genome-wide association studies have identified an important role of T-cell receptor α (TRA) gene in the development of narcolepsy type 1. However, the role of TRA haplotype polymorphisms in the symptomatic diversity of narcolepsy remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether TRA polymorphisms can influence the symptomatic diversity of narcolepsy.@*Methods@#Totally, 903 patients with narcolepsy type 1 were included in the study. Patients were divided into different groups according to their symptoms. First, 13 genotyped single nucleotide polymorphisms in the TRA were assessed for their association with symptoms of narcolepsy. We used the Chi-square test to determine differences in genotype frequencies in patients with narcolepsy. Further, we identified the haplotypes and variations of the TRA and tested their association with the symptoms of narcolepsy using a logistic regression model.@*Results@#According to the results of the logistic regression, TRA haplotypes TG and CT were significantly associated with auditory hallucination, with odds ratios of 1.235 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.012–1.507) and 1.236 (95% CI, 1.012–1.511), respectively (P < 0.05).@*Conclusions@#The patterns of haplotype in TRA (haplotypes TG and CT) are associated with hypnagogic auditory hallucination in patients with narcolepsy type 1. However, further studies are needed to confirm our results and explore the underlying mechanisms.

Impact of Mycoplasma genitalium infection on the semen quality of infertile males / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>Objective</b>To explore Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) infection in the urogenital tract of infertile men and its influence on semen quality.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Semen samples were collected from 352 infertile males in the Center of Reproductive Medicine of Nanjing General Hospital from March to July 2015. MG infection was detected by real-time fluorescence simultaneous amplification and testing and semen analyses were conducted according to the WHO Laboratory Manual for the Examination and Processing of Human Semen (5th Ed) on the semen pH value, semen volume, total sperm count, sperm concentration, total sperm motility, percentages of progressively motile sperm (PMS) and immotile sperm (IMS), and sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI). The data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis by t-test and non-parametric test (Wilcoxon test).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>MG infection was found in 3.4% (12/352) of the infertile patients. Compared with the MG-positive cases, the MG-negative ones showed a significantly higher semen volume (［2.85 ± 0.14］ vs ［3.84 ± 0.12］ ml, P = 0.008) and percentage of PMS (［15.86±1.72］ vs ［60.95 ± 5.63］ %, P = 0.032) but a lower DFI (［30.73 ±2.24］ vs ［20.71 ± 1.55］%, P = 0.014). However, no statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups in the semen pH value (7.38 ±0.02 vs 7.39 ± 0.01, P = 0.774), sperm concentration (［52.96 ± 15.78］ vs ［60.05 ± 4.29］×10⁶/ml, P = 0.683), sperm count (［154.15 ± 46.37］ vs ［221.56 ± 15.43］×106, P = 0.236), total sperm motility (［29.04 ± 3.11］ vs ［33.52 ± 1.51］ %, P = 0.626), or percentage of IMS (［23.57 ± 0.99］ vs ［62.34 ± 1.69］ %, P = 0.691).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Urogenital MG infection is common in infertile males and potentially affects the semen quality, especially sperm vitality of the patient.</p>

Diagnosis and endoscopic therapy for the cysts primary in lateral sphenoid sinus recess / 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

OBJECTIVE To discuss the clinical features of primary lateral recess cysts of the sphenoid sinus,and to study the therapeutic effect of the endoscopic surgery.METHODS Nine patients with primary lateral recess cysts of the sphenoid sinus received endoscopic surgery from 2007 to 2015.Clinical data of the disease was analyzed retrospectively.Seven cases complained of cheek numbness as the chief complaint and 2 cases with progressive vision loss as the chief complaint.There were no obvious positive signs in head and facial regions.All cases were underwent marsupialization of the cysts via sphenoid sinus with nasal endoscope under general anesthesia.RESULTS All the cases had no intraoperative and postoperative complications,and the symptoms were disappeared after operation.No recurrence was found during follow-up of 6 to 24 months.The cavity of the cysts had permanent drainage to sphenoid sinus after operation in all the patients.CONCLUSION 1.Primary lateral recess cysts of the sphenoid sinus had unique symptoms and imaging characteristics.2.The marsupialization of the cysts via sphenoid sinus with nasal endoscope under general anesthesia was a safe,effective and minimally invasive method to management of the primary lateral recess cysts of the sphenoid sinus.

The Curative Effects of Frontal-lateral Window Partial Laryngectomy for T1b Glottic Cancinoma Invading Anterior Commissure / 听力学及言语疾病杂志

Objective To explore the efficacy of reserving thyroid cartilage combined with thyroid perichondrium flap to repair the defect of frontal-lateral window partial laryngectomy for T1b glottic cancinoma with anterior commissure involved.Methods From our hospital 22 cases diagnosed as T1b glottic cancer with anterior commissure invaded were treated with frontal-lateral window partial laryngectomy and were repaired by reserving thyroid cartilage combined with flap of thyroid perichondrium.All the patients were followed up for five years.The functions of respiratory and swallowing,voice rehabilitation,ratios of recurrence and survival were observed.Results All the patients succeeded in removing tracheal cannula.The decannulation rate was100％ and the aspiration rate was 0％.The voice functions in patients with postoperative classification (G) were higher than that of preoperative accounted for 86.4％ (19/22),and the same preoperative accounted for 13.6％ (3/22).There were 2 cases with tumor recurrence,one cases with recurrence in situ and one case with cervical lymph node metastasis.The recurrence rate was 9.1％ (2/22) and the 5 year survival rate was 95.5％ (21/22).Conclusion Frontal-lateral window partial laryngectomy reserving thyroid cartilage combined with thyroid perichondrium flap,is suitable for T1b glottic cancinoma invading anterior commissure.It can preserve the laryngeal framework and function relatively integrated with rare laryngeal stenosis and stabble repaired tissue.It also can effectively improve the sound quality and is worthy of clinical promotion.

The effects of curcumin derivatives C66 on proliferation and activation of rat hepatic stellate cells induced by transforming growth factor-β / 中华传染病杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of curcumin derivatives (C66) on proliferation and expressions of α-smooth muscle (α SMA) and Collagen Ⅰ in rat hepatic stellate cells (HSC) induced by transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) in vitro and the relationship with cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1).Methods To determine the optimum time and concentration of C66,HSC-T6 cell line was cultured in vitro and divided into control group and groups with different doses of C66 (1 μmol/L,2 μmol/L,5 μmol/L,10 μmol/L,20 μmol/L).Cell proliferation was detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay.Then,according to the time and concentration of C66 above,cells were divided into 5 groups including control group,TGF-β only group,TGF-β combined with CB1 antagonist group,TGF-β combined with C66 group and TGF β combined with CB1 antagonist plus C66 group.Quantitative realtime polymerase chain reaction and western blot were used to assess the expressions of α SMA,Collagen Ⅰ,CB1,JNK and phosphorylation of JNK (p-JNK).The variance homogeneity of multiple samples was compared by LSD method.The variance was compared with Dunnett T3 test.One-way analysis of variance was performed to compare the mean values among the groups.Results The inhibitory effect of C66 on HSC-T6 proliferation was dose and time dependent.The optimum time and concentration were 48h and 10 μmol/L,respectively,with the inhibition rate of 54％.Compared with control group,expressions of α-SMA,collagen Ⅰ and CB1 were significantly elevated in TGF-β group (t=6.188,3.48 and 20.64,respectively,all P＜0.05).TGF-β1 could increase the relative mRNA expressions of CB1,collagen Ⅰ and α-SMA with significant differences (t =4.705,9.492 and 38.27,respectively,all P＜ 0.05).Compared with control group,p-JNK expression was significantly elevated in TGF-β group (t=9.567,P＜0.05).Conclusions C66 could inhibit the proliferation and collagen synthesis in HSC-T6 induced by TGF-β and the effect is strengthened when combined with CB1 antagonist,which may involve JNK phosphorylation.Our study provides a better understanding on the mechanism and a new target for treatment of liver fibrosis.