Les effets indesirables dus aux antibiotiques : etude retrospective sur trois ans au centre regional de pharmacovigilance de Sfax

Les effets indesirables aux antibiotiques constituent un reel probleme de sante publique. Dans ce travail; ont ete analyses la frequence; les types; les facteurs predisposant et la gravite des effets indesirables aux antibiotiques. Notre etude; de type retrospectif; porte sur les cas d'effets indesirables aux antibiotiques obtenus par notification spontanee au centre regional de pharmacovigilance de Sfax durant une periode de trois ans. Parmi 249 cas d'effets indesirables medicamenteux; 82 cas (32;93) ont ete lies aux antibiotiques. L'age variait de 5 a 86 ans. Il s'agissait de 55 femmes et de 27 hommes. Soixante dix effets indesirables lies aux antibiotiques (85.36) parmi 82 etaient de nature immunoallergique. Dans 60 cas (73.17); les patients avaient des antecedents medicaux: atopie; allergie medicamenteuse; maladies auto-immunes ou pathologies chroniques necessitant une polymedication. 54 patients (65.85) prenaient 3 medicaments ou plus. Les formes graves ont ete observees chez 12 patients parmi 82 (14.63). La polytherapie; les maladies chroniques et l'age avance sont des facteurs favorisant la survenue des effets indesirables aux antibiotiques. Nos resultats soulignent le risque augmente chez les sujets ayant un antecedent d'allergie a un antibiotique de developper une allergie a un autre antibiotique

Scorpion envenomation symptoms in pregnant women

Scorpion envenomation is common in many countries; however, its effects on pregnancy are still unclear. In the present paper, we described the effects of scorpion envenomation on pregnant patients. A retrospective study was carried out considering the clinical and laboratory exams of patients admitted to the emergency room of Habib Bourguiba Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia, from 1990 to 2004. Variability of these clinical and laboratory profiles according to maternal age, gestational age and number of previous parities was also discussed. Among 167 scorpion-envenomed women, age ranged from 17 to 42 years, 7.18 percent were pregnant. These presented symptoms similar to those of non-pregnant women envenomed by scorpions. Two pregnant patients developed intense pelvic pain and one manifested vaginal bleeding. Although the studied parameters showed non-significant differences, we could conclude that scorpion envenomation may lead to abnormal uterine contraction probably causing preterm delivery. Maternal disturbances induced by scorpion envenomation may influence the fetus development. The effects were more severe in the second trimester of pregnancy.(AU)