Posterior short-segment fusion to treat upper cervical vertebra trauma / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the strategies of posterior short-segment fixation and plant iliac fusion surgery, and the clinical efficacy of them on the treatment of upper cervical vertebra trauma.@*METHODS@#Three hundred and thirty-four patients with upper cervical vertebra trauma admitted into our hospital from June, 2005 to April, 2010 were studied retrospectively. Thirty-six were treated by posterior short-segment fusion, which included 22 and 14 male and female patients, respectively. Among them, 23 or 6 patients were related to traffic or falling accident, 5 or 2 patients were related to crashing object or fight. The clinical efficacy was evaluated by head and neck pain VAS score, JOA scores of nerve function and the rate of graft bone fusion.@*RESULTS@#The postoperative VAS scores were lower than that of pre-operation, and the difference was significant (P<0.001). The postoperative JOA scores of nerve function was superior to preoperative scores (P<0.05). During follow-up, no internal fixation failure happened while bony fusion could be seen.@*CONCLUSION@#The method of posterior short-segment fixation and bone graft fusion in treating patients with cervical spine injury is highly efficacy, which possesses great clinical value.

Surgical treatment for thoracic spinal tuberculosis with intraspinal abscesses by unilateral vertebral lamina limited decompression via posterior-only approach / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the clinical efficacy and feasibility of surgical treatment for thoracic spinal tuberculosis with intraspinal abscesses by internal fixation, unilateral vertebral lamina limited decompression, debridement, together with interbody and posterior fusion via a posterior only approach.
@*METHODS@#A total of 37 pantients (24 males and 13 females) with thoracic spinal tuberculosis complicated with intraspinal abscess lesions were admitted to our hospital, with age 13-68(39.7 ± 9.1) years old. Spinal lesions of segmental kyphosis Cobb angle was 8°-62° (29.6° ± 3.6°). Frankel grade system was used to assess neurological function. According to the system, there were 3, 7, 19 and 8 cases for grade B, C, D and E, respectively. All 37 cases were treated with internal fixation, unilateral vertebral lamina limited decompression, debridement, together with interbody and posterior fusion via a posterior only approach.
@*RESULTS@#The mean duration for follow-up was 24-90 (53.0 ± 15.7) months. Intraoperative dural tear occurred in 1 cases with cerebrospinal fluid leakage after operation; 2 cases showed postoperative neurological complications; delayed wound healing occurred in 2 cases. The postoperative kyphotic angle was 5°-21° (8.3° ± 1.3°). The kyphotic angle was 8°-26° (10.1° ± 1.9°) at the last follow-up. By the time of the last follow-up, all patients with preoperative neurological symptoms improved at different degree. According to Frankel classification, 2 cases recovered from grade B to D, 1 case from grade B to E, 3 cases from grade C to D, 4 cases from grade C to E, 13 cases from grade D to E. No failure in fixation and pseudarthrosis. All patients obtained satisfactory bone graft fusion.
@*CONCLUSION@#Posterior internal fixation, unilateral vertebral lamina limited decompression, debridement, together with interbody and posterior fusion might be a effective and feasible method for treatment of thoracic spinal tuberculosis with intraspinal abscess lesions.

Safe pathway of screw implantationvia posterior thoracic vertebra outside pedicle：anatomical and radiographic measurement of costotransverse groove / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Many present scholars do a large number of researches on anatomical structure in the thoracic costotransverse binding region so as to seek a safe pathway of screw entrance besides posterior thoracic approach outside pedicle, but their conclusions are controversial. OBJECTIVE: To measure the anatomical and radiological structures of costotransverse groove and to explore the safe pathway of screw implantationvia posterior thoracic vertebra outside pedicle of vertebral arch. METHODS:Eight embalmed adult cadaveric thoracic spines were harvested with the medial 5.0-6.0 cm of rib. Intercostal soft issue and parietal pleura were left intact. Al nonstructural soft issue was removed. Specimens were scanned with CT, and three-dimensional reconstruction was performed. The angles of the costotransverse groove were obtained. Anatomical analysis was performed in specimens. The distance from the superior limit of the rib superiorly to the superior limit of adjacent transverse process and the distance from the inferior limit of the rib inferiorly to the inferior limit of adjacent transverse process were measured. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:There exists a costotransverse groove between rib and transverse process. Both distance from the superior limit of the rib superiorly to the superior limit of adjacent transverse process and the distance from the inferior limit of the rib inferiorly to the inferior limit of adjacent transverse process of T6-10 were significantly larger than other levels (P < 0.05). The costotransverse groove was most obvious at T6-10 segments. Results verified that adult costotransverse groove directed to vertebra, and provided a new idea for the pathway of screw implantationvia posterior thoracic vertebra outside pedicle.

Silenced estrogen receptor beta affects the expressions of osteoprotegerin and receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand in osteoblastic MG63 cells / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Studies concerning how estrogen receptorβparticipates in bone metabolism are few now. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of estrogen receptorβon the expression of osteoprotegerin and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand in human osteblast-like cells. METHODS:The retrovirus with the most effective interference sequence and non-specific short hairpin RNA was used to transfect human osteoblast-like cellMG63 in order to screen out the stable colon, and then amplified and cultured. The blank control and non-specific short hairpin RNA were used as control, and the stable inhibition rate of estrogen receptorβwas detected. The 17β-estradiol was added into the cells in three groups, that were MG63 cells, short hairpin RNA retrovirus estrogen receptorβ-mediated MG63 cells and negative control short hairpin RNA retrovirus-medicated MG63 cells, in order to detect the expressions of osteoprotegerin and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand mRNA in human osteoblast-like cells. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The human osteoblast-like MG63 cellline was further stably transfected with pRNAT-H1.4/Retro-estrogen receptorβshort hairpin RNA3, and then compared with the blank control and negative control, and found that estrogen receptorβcould express the stable inhibited human osteoblast-like cellline. The inhibition rate of estrogen receptorβmRNA was (88.17±1.17)%(P<0.05), and the inhibition rate of estrogen receptorβprotein was (89.01±1.22)%(P<0.05), indicating that estrogen receptorβgene knockdown human osteoblast-like cellmodels were constructed successful y. After estrogen intervention for 48 hours, the inhibition of MG63 cells with estrogen receptorβcould up-regulate the osteoprotegerin mRNA and protein expression in the blank control group and the negative control group (P<0.05), down-regulate the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand mRNA and protein expression (P<0.05), and up-regulate the osteoprotegerin receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand expression. The results indicate that estrogen receptorβmay play an important role in bone metabolism through regulating osteoprotegerin/receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand ratio.

Insulin-like growth factor-1 effects on directional differentiation of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells into chondrocytes / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Recently,researches have found that insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1)can induce the differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)into chondrocytes,but there are no reports concerning the differentiation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells(ADMSCs)into chondrocytes induced by IGF-1,as well as interaction with transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)during this process.OBJECTIVE:To explore the possibility of inducing ADMSCs chondrogenic differentiation by using IGF-1 and the interaction with TGF-β1 in induction.METHODS:ADMSCs were obtained,and seeded at 2×10~5 cells/cm~2 in culture flask.Insulin-free chondrogenic media containing IGF-1 or(and)TGF-β1 were used to induce ADMSCs.2 weeks later,cells were harvested and stained by using toluidine blue and collagen Ⅱ antibody immunohistochemistry.Intracellular sulfated proteoglycan and collagen Ⅱ coloring were observed.Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)was used to detect the expression of collagen Ⅱ,aggrecan and Sox9 mRNA.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After induced,toluidine blue stain exhibited that the cells in the three induction groups were polygonal,with cytoplasm and cell membrane of blue different dyeing.Immunohistochemistry for type Ⅱ collagen demonstrated that cytoplasm and cell membrane were stained brown in three induction groups.RT-PCR revealed that the expression of collagen Ⅱ,aggrecan,Sox9 mRNA of IGF + TGF group were significantly greater than the IGF and TGF groups,and IGF and TGF groups were significantly stronger than the control group.No significant difference was determined between the IGF and TGF groups.These results indicated that IGF-1 can induce chondrogenic differentiation from ADMSCs,expressing chondrocyte specific cell phenotype.There is synergism of IGF-1 and TGF-01 to induce the differentiation of ADMSCs into chondrocytes.

Feasibility of transfection of transforming growth factor-beta 1 into rat dipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) can be induced toward the chondrogenic lineages with chondrogenic medium contained transforming growth factor-β_1(TGF-β_1). However, it remains concerned about the disadvantage with use of TGF-β_1 in vitro, which can induce chemotaxis, activate inflammatory cells, cause local defect and want an ideal matrix to deliver proteins. Therefore, with advanced gene-delivery techniques, TGF-β_1 can be long-lasting expressed by transduced stem cells, which is very useful for Chondrogenic Tissue Engineering.OBJECTIVE: To master the method of construction and transfection of eukaryotic expression vector for rat transforming growth factor-β_1 and to study the possibility of gene transfection to ADSCs with this vector.METHODS: Recombining DNA techniques were applied to construct recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.1-TGF-β_1. And this plasmid was verified by restriction endonuclease mapping and DNA sequencing; Then the plasmid with TGF-β_1 gene or not was transfected into ADSCs by use of LipofectamineTM2000. After infection, transduced ADSCs were diluted and cultured with neomycin (G418). Gene transfer efficiency compared on the basis of green fluorescent protein expression was assessed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Digestion of the plasmid with double restriction endo- nuclease XboⅠand Hind Ⅲ showed about two specific electrophoretic strips (1.35 bp and 5.4 kb), and the sequence of the rat TGF-β_1 gene in recombinant was concorded with that reported in Genbank. There were 80 percent of the cells which were transduced, and the expressions of mRNA and protein of TGF-β_1 in ADSCs were discovered positively. These indicated that the eukaryotic expression vector for rat TGF-β_1 (i.e. pcDNA3.1-TGF-β_1) , which is able to transfect the ADSCs, can be constructed through genetic recombination.

Treatment of Intra-Articular Distal Humeral Fracture / 中国医师杂志

Objective To research operative procedure, results and complications of treatment of the intra-articular distal humeral fractures.Methods 16 cases of these fracture were fixed operatively through a posterior approach with plates on both the medial and the lateral column in adults, and Kirschner wires in children. Results 15 patients were followed up for 5～36 months, the fractures healed in 1 2～6 5 months.Complications as follows: each electric burn of skin, superficial infection, palsy of ulnar nerve, loss of screws and non-union in one case, stimulation of Kirschner wires in 2 cases. Conclusions Triceps-splitting,elbow posterolateral approach or olecranon osteotomy are well suited to the exact visualisation and accurate reduction of this difficult fracture with minimal damage.The election of interfixation model should base on the age and the fracture type.

One stage anterior and posterior fusion and fixation for the treatment of multiple-level tuberculosis of the upper thoracic spine / 中华骨科杂志

0.05) at the latest follow up. All the cases achieved solid fusion within 12 months. Nineteen cases with incomplete paraplegia obtained an average improvement of 1.26 grades by Frankel neurological classification. The major complications in this group included one case with temporary deterioration of neurological function. Another case with pulmonary atelectasis on the operation side, but cured with appropriate treatment. Conclusion One stage surgical treatment for multiple-level tuberculosis of the upper thoracic spine by combined anterior and posterior spine fusion with posterior instrumentation is feasible and effective without major complications. Early surgical intervention should be emphasized for the treatment of progressive tuberculosis of the upper thoracic spine.