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Objective:To investigate the normal parameter values of transvaginal E-Cervix cervical elastography of primipara and explore the correlation between E-Cervix parameters and gestational age.Methods:A total of 301 primiparas underwent E-Cervix by transvaginal ultrasound in Henan Provincial People′s Hospital from March 2019 to January 2021, they were divided into 6 groups according to generational weeks: group A (11-13 + 6W), group B (14-17 + 6W), group C (18-21 + 6W), group D (22-25 + 6W), group E (26-29 + 6W), group F (30-33 + 6W). Real-time E-Cervix parameters were obtained, including elasticity contrast index (ECI), hardness ratio (HR), internal ostium (IOS), and external ostium (EOS), strain ratio of the internal and external cervical ostium (IOS/EOS), and the correlations between E-Cervix parameters and the gestational week were analyzed. Results:The normal reference ranges of parameters ECI, IOS, EOS, HR and IOS/EOS were obtained, their 95% reference values in groups A to F were as follows: ECI (1.84-3.38, 2.13-4.50, 2.25-4.12, 2.06-3.96, 2.04-5.15, 2.36-5.53), HR (85.85%-88.72%, 77.31%-80.92%, 74.41%-78.50%, 71.13%-74.35%, 64.49%-68.56%, 63.57%-68.23%), IOS (0.12-0.21, 0.14-0.34, 0.14-0.31, 0.19-0.40, 0.19-0.56, 0.21-0.49), EOS (0.12-0.30, 0.14-0.34, 0.16-0.41, 0.20-0.39, 0.22-0.58, 0.22-0.54), IOS/EOS (0.55-1.12, 0.52-1.45, 0.56-1.26, 0.54-1.38, 0.54-1.52, 0.65-1.46). The differences of ECI, HR, IOS and EOS in different groups were statistically significant (all P<0.05). Spearman correlation analysis results showed that ECI, IOS, and EOS were positively correlated with gestational week( rs=0.524, 0.689, 0.609; all P<0.01). HR was negatively correlated with gestational week ( rs=-0.755, P<0.01). The regression equations of ECI, HR, IOS and EOS were Y=0.06X+ 52.214, Y=99.25-1.07X, Y=8.63E-3X+ 0.05, Y=7.94E-3X+ 0.1, respectively. Conclusions:The normal parameters values of E-TVES are summarized.It provides effective support in data for cervical evaluation in the preterm prediction and success of labor induction.
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Objective:To observe pelvic floor muscle′s contraction in women with the second and full term natural parturition by intelligent ultrasonic examination.Methods:Ninety-five postpartum women who underwent natural parturition and post-partum check (6-9 weeks after delivery) in Henan Provincal People′s Hospital were recruited in this study from Jul to Dec 2018. Fifty-four puerpera were first parturition and 41 were second parturition. The morphology of urogenital hiatus was observed during both rest and contract maneuver by real-time 3D ultrasound. Several parameters were measured by intelligent ultrasound, such as hiatal area, anteroposterior diameter, transverse diameter, and the thickness of puborectalis muscles, and the D-values of all parameters were calculated in different maneuver. Meanwhile, the strength of pelvic muscle in two groups were measured and the ultrasonic diameters and muscle strength were compared.Results:The hiatal area, anteroposterior diameter, transverse diameter, and the thickness of bilateral puborectalis muscles between first natural parturition and second natural parturition during rest maneuver were (15.92±2.76)cm 2 vs (16.65±2.63)cm 2, (40.93±5.63)mm vs (40.27±6.21)mm, (55.54±6.05)mm vs (57.92±5.27)mm, (7.03±1.51)mm vs (7.44±1.23)mm, (7.49±1.44)mm vs (7.44±1.44)mm, there was no statistical difference( P>0.05). During contract maneuver, these data were (11.76±2.62)cm 2 vs (12.09±2.78)cm 2, (37.57±5.46)mm vs (37.18±4.71)mm, (42.21±5.69)mm vs (43.03±7.13)mm, (8.92±1.54)mm vs (8.87±1.23)mm, (8.90±1.60)mm vs (9.30±2.71)mm, there was no statistical difference( P>0.05). The D-values of all diameters were (4.16±2.38)cm 2 vs (4.43±2.70)cm 2, 3(1.00, 5.00)mm vs 1(1.00, 5.25)mm, (13.33±6.07)mm vs (14.41±6.54)mm, (1.90±1.78)mm vs (1.68±1.31)mm, 1(0.48, 2.40)mm vs 1.25(0.20, 2.13)mm, there was no statistically significant difference between two groups ( P>0.05). The non-eligibility rate of typeⅠmuscle fiber strength in two groups were 65% vs 68%(35 vs 28) and typeⅡmuscle fiber strength were 74% vs 79%(40 vs 32), there was no statistically difference between two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:In comparison to the primary and full term natural parturition women, there is no significant reduction of the pelvic floor muscle′s contraction by intelligent ultrasund in second and full term natural parturition women without abnormal pregancy history and complications. This could provide theoretical basis for the choice of the mode of second parturition and the rahabilitation of postpartum.
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Objective To explore the value of sonohysterography (SHG) in diagnosis of post-cesarean scar diverticulum.Methods Totally 28 patients with post-cesarean scar diverticulum suspected clinical underwent SHG and conventional transvaginal ultrasound (TVS).The sizes of the diverticulum and the thickness of muscular layer were observed and the diagnostic value of SHG and TVS were compared.All patients underwent hysteroscopy,and the results were considered as diagnostic standard.Results Twenty diverticulums were found by hysteroscopy,20 diverticulums by SHG and 17 diverticulums by TVS.Taking hysteroscopy as diagnostic standard,the accuracy of SHG,TVS in diagnosis of diverticulums were 100％ (20/20) and 89.29％ (17/20) respectively.Superoinferior diameter ([9.17 ± 2.63] mm),left-right diameter ([11.76± 5.67]mm) of diverticulum and thickness of muscular layer ([3.29 ± 1.01]mm) measured by TVS had statistical differences compared with those measured by SHG (superoinferior diameter:[12.01± 4.04]mm,left-right diameter:[12.37±6.14]mm,thickness:[2.85±1.30]mm,all P＜0.05).The altitude of diverticulum measured by TVS and SHG had no statistial difference ([5.62±± 2.13]mm vs [5.50±2.34]mm,P＞0.05).Five patients with intra uterine adhesions,4 with endometrial polyps and 1 with submucosal myoma were detected by SHG.Conclusion SHG has clinical value in di agnosis of post-cesarean scar diverticulum..
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Objective:To investigate the correlation between CD4+T cell division and surface molecule expression or cytokine production after stimulation with antigen.Methods:Isolation of CD4+T cells from spleens and lymph nodes of OVA-T cell-receptor transgenic mouse (TCR-Tg ). After stimulation with OVA peptide antigen in the presence of antigen-presenting cells, CD4+T cell division, surface molecule expression and intracellular cytokine production are determined in flow cytometry.Results:CD4+T cells are divided 1-5 times after stimulation for 3 days with antigen. The cell division is associated with both up- and down-regulation of surface molecules such as CD25, CD44, CD62L and CD69 and of cytokines such as IFN-?, IL-4 and IL-10.IL-12 promotes cell division and enhances IFN-? but inhibits IL-4 and IL-10 production.Conclusion:After stimulation with antigen, CD4+T cells are divided in association with the quantitative and qualitative changes of surface molecules and cytokine production.
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Objective:Understanding of subset、memory cell generation、effector function and organ distribution of Th1 cells in vitro and in vivo.Methods:Different stages of polarized Th1 cells are generated from antigen-specific CD4 +T cells.The expression of cell surface markers and intracellular cytokines(IL-2、IFN-? and IL-4) is determined at a single cell level by FACS. Equal numbers of CFSF-labeled naive CD4 +T cells and different stages of Th1 cells are adoptively transferred into mouse.The production of IFN-? and distribution of Th1 memory cells in lymphoid and non-lymphoid organs are measured. Results:Th1 cell populations can be subdivided into several subsets based upon the production of IL-2 and IFN-?. The percentage of IFN-?-producing cells is increased and IL-2-producing cells is decreased following repeatedly stimulation under Th1 culture condition. Moreover,the expression of CD62L on Th1 cells is reduced after activation and differentiation of CD4 +T cells. 2 weeks post-transfer,the frequency of naive CD4 +T cells is comparable from lymph nodes、spleens and lungs,whereas memory Th1 cells are preferentially detected in spleens and lungs and rapidly produce IFN-? following re-exposure to the same antigen.Conclusion:Th1 cell population is composed of distinct subsets of cells. In comparson with naive CD4 +T cells,memory Th1 cells reveal the changes of surface molecule expression、biologic function and distribution in tissues.