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Objective To understand the characteristics of new-type drug consumption,sexual behaviors and the prevalence of HIV infection among male new-type drug users in Qingdao,Shandong province.Methods A cross sectional survey was conducted from 2015 to 2016.Participants were recruited from MSM community-based organizations (CBO) and general community through snowball method,relying on volunteers and male peer educators who were on new-type drugs themselves.Face-to-face interview was carried to collect information on drug use and sexual behaviors.Blood samples were collected to test HIV,syphilis and HCV antibodies.Urine samples were collected to test the evidence of new-type drugs.Qualitative variables and quantitative variables were analyzed using Chi-square test/Fisher's exact test and Student's t-test respectively.Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze related factors of binary variables.Results A total of 1 034 new-type drug users were recruited,including 431 (41.7％) MSM population and 603 (58.3％) who were not MSM.Compared with the the group of people who were not MSM,people in the the MSM group were younger,unmarried and with higher level of education.The proportion of methamphetamine users were 49.7％ (214/431) and 100.0％ (603/603) among the groups of MSM or not MSM,respectively.People in the MSM group,66.8％ (288/431) used 5-Methoxy-N,N-diisopropyltryptamine (5-MeO-DIPT,"foxy") in the last six months.However,none from the not-MSM group ever used 5-MeO-DIPT.In the last six months,proportions of sharing new-type drugs with more than two people in the MSM or not groups were 87.9％ (379/431) and 97.7％ (588/602),respectively (x2=39.84,P＜0.01).Proportions of unprotected sexual behavior among the MSM or not groups were 47.5％ (285/600) and 7.4％ (32/430) respectively (x2=190.10,P＜0.01).The proportions of ‘group sex’ after using drugs among the two groups were 78.1％ (335/429) and 5.5％ (33/600) respectively (x2=573.73,P＜0.01).The prevalence rates of HIV,syphilis and HCV antibody positive among the MSM or not groups were 2.1％ and 0.2％,3.3％ and 6.3％,0.0％ and 0.3％,respectively.Conclusion The prevalence of sharing new-type drugs with more than two people was high among male new-type drug users in Qingdao city.Male new-type-drug-users who were MSM,presented both high prevalence of group sex and HIV infection,and with less condom use.Intervention measures towards this sub-population should be strengthened.
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Objective To understand the characteristics of new-type drug consumption,sexual behaviors and the prevalence of HIV infection among male new-type drug users in Qingdao,Shandong province.Methods A cross sectional survey was conducted from 2015 to 2016.Participants were recruited from MSM community-based organizations (CBO) and general community through snowball method,relying on volunteers and male peer educators who were on new-type drugs themselves.Face-to-face interview was carried to collect information on drug use and sexual behaviors.Blood samples were collected to test HIV,syphilis and HCV antibodies.Urine samples were collected to test the evidence of new-type drugs.Qualitative variables and quantitative variables were analyzed using Chi-square test/Fisher's exact test and Student's t-test respectively.Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze related factors of binary variables.Results A total of 1 034 new-type drug users were recruited,including 431 (41.7％) MSM population and 603 (58.3％) who were not MSM.Compared with the the group of people who were not MSM,people in the the MSM group were younger,unmarried and with higher level of education.The proportion of methamphetamine users were 49.7％ (214/431) and 100.0％ (603/603) among the groups of MSM or not MSM,respectively.People in the MSM group,66.8％ (288/431) used 5-Methoxy-N,N-diisopropyltryptamine (5-MeO-DIPT,"foxy") in the last six months.However,none from the not-MSM group ever used 5-MeO-DIPT.In the last six months,proportions of sharing new-type drugs with more than two people in the MSM or not groups were 87.9％ (379/431) and 97.7％ (588/602),respectively (x2=39.84,P＜0.01).Proportions of unprotected sexual behavior among the MSM or not groups were 47.5％ (285/600) and 7.4％ (32/430) respectively (x2=190.10,P＜0.01).The proportions of ‘group sex’ after using drugs among the two groups were 78.1％ (335/429) and 5.5％ (33/600) respectively (x2=573.73,P＜0.01).The prevalence rates of HIV,syphilis and HCV antibody positive among the MSM or not groups were 2.1％ and 0.2％,3.3％ and 6.3％,0.0％ and 0.3％,respectively.Conclusion The prevalence of sharing new-type drugs with more than two people was high among male new-type drug users in Qingdao city.Male new-type-drug-users who were MSM,presented both high prevalence of group sex and HIV infection,and with less condom use.Intervention measures towards this sub-population should be strengthened.
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Objective This study aimed to analyze the behavior change and related factors regarding HIV/STD epidemics among female sex workers (FSWs) in Qingdao city.Methods According to the requirements set by the "National HIV/AIDS sentinel surveillance program",information on demographics,sexual and drug use behaviors,and HIV-related services among female sex workers (FSWs) was collected from ten consecutive annual cross-sectional surveys from 2006 to 2015.Blood samples were drawn for serological tests on both HIV and syphilis antibodies.Results Data from the sampled FSWs over the ten years,a higher proportion of participants who were aged 30 or more,married or cohabited and on-call FSW were followed.The prevalence of syphilis increased significantly from 1.0％ (4/420) in 2006 to 13.3％ (53/400) in 2015 (trendx2=54.22,P＜0.001).Rates on illicit drug use were ranging from 12.0％ (48/400) and 55.5％ (222/400) while the rate on consistent condom use with clients in the last month showed decreasing,with trendx2=170.62,P＜0.001.The proportion of HIV-related knowledge score ≥ 6 (trend x2 =152.96,P＜ 0.001),or ever been tested for HIV (trendx2=114.87,P＜0.001) were both significantly increased over the last ten years.Between 2009 and 2015,results from the annual stratified analysis showed that the FSWs who used drugs were more likely than the FSWs who were non-drug users less consistently using condoms with clients in last month and being syphilis positive (P＜0.05).On-call FSWs were more likely to be syphilis positive (P＜0.05) than the non on-call FSWs.Conclusions The prevalence of syphilis among FSWs in Qingdao city had been rising over the last ten years,with synthetic drug abuse as an important risk factor.Better targeted surveillance and intervention efforts among those drug-using FSWs seemed important to reduce the epidemics.
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Objective To investigate the situation of sexual partners and related factors among men who have sex with men (MSM) in college students.Methods Snowball sampling and Convenience sampling were both used to recruit MSM from colleges in Tsingtao in 2016.Questionnaire-based interviews were conducted to collect data of socio-demographic and situation of sexual partners.Sample Size was estimated based on cross-sectional study,and theoretical 267.SPSS 17.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Results A total of 300 MSM,average aged 20.7,were analyzed.Both first sex partner and the last same-sex sexual partner were mct instantly,with proportions as 58.7％ (176/300) and 62.3％ (187/300) respectively.Among all the MSM,88.3％ (265/300) preferred selecting men as sex partners and 42.7％ (128/300) enjoyed finding sex partners in college,while 86.0％ (258/300) preferred finding their sex partners through intemet.Conclusions Intemet had been the major way of looking for sex partner among MSM in college students,the male sexual partner were met instantly.We should focus on men who have sex with men and their sexual health among college students to prevent and control HIV/AIDS.
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Objective To analyze the influencing factors on condom use among 35-yearsor-older female sex workers (OFSWs) in Qingdao by using the three-level logistic model.Methods From March to June 2014,OFSWs were recruited in Qingdao,using respondent-driven sampling.Related information on OFSWs and their recent five sexual partners (not including husband) were obtained by conducting a questionnaire survey on OFSWs.A Three-level logistic regression model was conducted to analyze the influencing factors of condom use between OFSWs and their sexual partners.Results A total of 420 OFSWs participated the survey as well as information on 2 100 sexual partners.Results from the empty model showed that the use of condoms among OFSWs having an aggregation that related to the levels of working sites and their own behaviors.Results from the three-levels of logistic model analysis showed that,OFSWs that having had junior middle school education (OR=1.450,95％CI:1.054-1.994)/high school education or above (OR=2.264,95％ CI:1.215-4.222),knowing the function of condom use (OR=2.004,95％ CI:1.273-3.154) would have higher rates of condom use.OFSWs with higher score of attitude on condom use (OR=0.796,95％CI:0.745-0.849),having had syphilis infections in the past (OR=0.657,95％ CI:0.478-0.902) would have lower rate of condom use.For the sexual partners,the rate of condom use among OFSWs' regular partners were higher than that of OFSWs' boyfriends (OR=15.291,95％CI:8.441-27.700;OR=29.032,95％ CI:15.413-54.682).Conclusion Condom use of OFSWs was affected by behaviors of both OFSWs themselves and their sexual partners.Prevention and control programs should focus on OFSWs and their sexual partners at the same time.The key intervention contents should include target populations as:OFSWs with low level of education,having had infections of syphilis,those who do not use condoms with their trusted partners.
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Objective This study aimed to analyze the behavior change and related factors regarding HIV/STD epidemics among female sex workers (FSWs) in Qingdao city.Methods According to the requirements set by the "National HIV/AIDS sentinel surveillance program",information on demographics,sexual and drug use behaviors,and HIV-related services among female sex workers (FSWs) was collected from ten consecutive annual cross-sectional surveys from 2006 to 2015.Blood samples were drawn for serological tests on both HIV and syphilis antibodies.Results Data from the sampled FSWs over the ten years,a higher proportion of participants who were aged 30 or more,married or cohabited and on-call FSW were followed.The prevalence of syphilis increased significantly from 1.0％ (4/420) in 2006 to 13.3％ (53/400) in 2015 (trendx2=54.22,P＜0.001).Rates on illicit drug use were ranging from 12.0％ (48/400) and 55.5％ (222/400) while the rate on consistent condom use with clients in the last month showed decreasing,with trendx2=170.62,P＜0.001.The proportion of HIV-related knowledge score ≥ 6 (trend x2 =152.96,P＜ 0.001),or ever been tested for HIV (trendx2=114.87,P＜0.001) were both significantly increased over the last ten years.Between 2009 and 2015,results from the annual stratified analysis showed that the FSWs who used drugs were more likely than the FSWs who were non-drug users less consistently using condoms with clients in last month and being syphilis positive (P＜0.05).On-call FSWs were more likely to be syphilis positive (P＜0.05) than the non on-call FSWs.Conclusions The prevalence of syphilis among FSWs in Qingdao city had been rising over the last ten years,with synthetic drug abuse as an important risk factor.Better targeted surveillance and intervention efforts among those drug-using FSWs seemed important to reduce the epidemics.
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Objective To investigate the situation of sexual partners and related factors among men who have sex with men (MSM) in college students.Methods Snowball sampling and Convenience sampling were both used to recruit MSM from colleges in Tsingtao in 2016.Questionnaire-based interviews were conducted to collect data of socio-demographic and situation of sexual partners.Sample Size was estimated based on cross-sectional study,and theoretical 267.SPSS 17.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Results A total of 300 MSM,average aged 20.7,were analyzed.Both first sex partner and the last same-sex sexual partner were mct instantly,with proportions as 58.7％ (176/300) and 62.3％ (187/300) respectively.Among all the MSM,88.3％ (265/300) preferred selecting men as sex partners and 42.7％ (128/300) enjoyed finding sex partners in college,while 86.0％ (258/300) preferred finding their sex partners through intemet.Conclusions Intemet had been the major way of looking for sex partner among MSM in college students,the male sexual partner were met instantly.We should focus on men who have sex with men and their sexual health among college students to prevent and control HIV/AIDS.
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Objective To analyze the influencing factors on condom use among 35-yearsor-older female sex workers (OFSWs) in Qingdao by using the three-level logistic model.Methods From March to June 2014,OFSWs were recruited in Qingdao,using respondent-driven sampling.Related information on OFSWs and their recent five sexual partners (not including husband) were obtained by conducting a questionnaire survey on OFSWs.A Three-level logistic regression model was conducted to analyze the influencing factors of condom use between OFSWs and their sexual partners.Results A total of 420 OFSWs participated the survey as well as information on 2 100 sexual partners.Results from the empty model showed that the use of condoms among OFSWs having an aggregation that related to the levels of working sites and their own behaviors.Results from the three-levels of logistic model analysis showed that,OFSWs that having had junior middle school education (OR=1.450,95％CI:1.054-1.994)/high school education or above (OR=2.264,95％ CI:1.215-4.222),knowing the function of condom use (OR=2.004,95％ CI:1.273-3.154) would have higher rates of condom use.OFSWs with higher score of attitude on condom use (OR=0.796,95％CI:0.745-0.849),having had syphilis infections in the past (OR=0.657,95％ CI:0.478-0.902) would have lower rate of condom use.For the sexual partners,the rate of condom use among OFSWs' regular partners were higher than that of OFSWs' boyfriends (OR=15.291,95％CI:8.441-27.700;OR=29.032,95％ CI:15.413-54.682).Conclusion Condom use of OFSWs was affected by behaviors of both OFSWs themselves and their sexual partners.Prevention and control programs should focus on OFSWs and their sexual partners at the same time.The key intervention contents should include target populations as:OFSWs with low level of education,having had infections of syphilis,those who do not use condoms with their trusted partners.
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Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of annual reported people living with HIV/AIDS (HIV/AIDS) in Qingdao city,Shandong province from 2010 to 2014 and to provide theoretical evidence for strategies on targeted prevention and control.Methods Information on annual reported HIV/AIDS and sentinel surveillance data from 2010 to 2014 was abstracted from the HIV/AIDS Comprehensive Response Information Management System (CRIMS).Statistical analysis was done by SPSS software.Results The number of annual reported HIV/AIDS increased from 2010 to 2014 in Qingdao,with the sex ratio as 10.8.Among all the patients,77.1％ were aged 20-39 years,65.6％ were unmarried,67.6％ graduated from high school or above.Homosexual contact was the major mode of transmission,and the prevalence of MSM increased yearly (P＜0.05).Conclusions MSM appeared the major high risk population for AIDS epidemic in Qingdao.However,surveillance projects should also be strengthened among the female population with multiple sexual partners.Optimal prevention and control measures based on the characteristics of AIDS epidemic should be developed to explore the stem spread and epidemics of the disease,in Qingdao.
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Objective To analyze the prevalence rates and associated risk factors on HIV, syphilis,herpes simplex virus-2(HSV-2)among female sex workers(FSWs)in Jiaozhou,Shandong province. Methods Through convenient sampling,an anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted on female sex workers to collect related information. Blood specimens were drawn for serological tests on HIV,syphilis and HSV-2 antibodies,respectively. Patients with positive results from both treponema pallidum and HSV-2 tested by ELISA method,were defined as being superinfected. Results A total of 460 FSWs were recruited in this study. The prevalence rates of HIV,syphilis,HSV-2,and syphilis/HSV-2 superinfection were 0.22%,5.9%,43.0%,and 11.7%, respectively. Among the methamphetamine users,the prevalence rates of syphilis,HSV-2,and syphilis/HSV-2 superinfection were 12.4%,55.2%,and 22.9%,respectively. Results from multivariate analysis showed that factors that significantly associated with syphilis infection would include:methamphetamine use(OR=3.61,95%CI:1.62-8.06),having first commercial sex intercourse at under 20 years of age(OR=2.80,95% CI:1.15-6.85),more than 2 establishments that the FSWs worked in the last month(OR=4.37,95%CI:0.83-22.83). Factors associated with HSV-2 infection were methamphetamine use(OR=2.30,95%CI:1.43-3.70),having first commercial sex intercourse at under 20 years of age (OR=1.77,95%CI:1.16-2.69),working at low-end establishments (OR=2.61,95%CI:1.66-4.10),working at the local sex-work venues for more than one year(OR=2.01,95%CI:1.28-3.14),with low education backgrounds(OR=2.27,95%CI:1.18-4.36),using methamphetamine(OR=3.95,95%CI:2.09-7.44),low education background(OR=2.43,95%CI:1.10-5.36),21-30 year-olds(OR=2.95,95%CI:1.08-8.03),older than 31 years of age(OR=7.05, 95%CI:2.48-20.01) etc.,were independent risk factors associated with the superinfection of syphilis and HSV-2. Conclusion The prevalence rates of syphilis,HSV-2 and syphilis/HSV-2 superinfection were relatively high among FSWs in Jiaozhou,especially among the FSWs who were methamphetamine users.
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Objective To analyze the prevalence rates and associated risk factors on HIV, syphilis,herpes simplex virus-2(HSV-2)among female sex workers(FSWs)in Jiaozhou,Shandong province. Methods Through convenient sampling,an anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted on female sex workers to collect related information. Blood specimens were drawn for serological tests on HIV,syphilis and HSV-2 antibodies,respectively. Patients with positive results from both treponema pallidum and HSV-2 tested by ELISA method,were defined as being superinfected. Results A total of 460 FSWs were recruited in this study. The prevalence rates of HIV,syphilis,HSV-2,and syphilis/HSV-2 superinfection were 0.22%,5.9%,43.0%,and 11.7%, respectively. Among the methamphetamine users,the prevalence rates of syphilis,HSV-2,and syphilis/HSV-2 superinfection were 12.4%,55.2%,and 22.9%,respectively. Results from multivariate analysis showed that factors that significantly associated with syphilis infection would include:methamphetamine use(OR=3.61,95%CI:1.62-8.06),having first commercial sex intercourse at under 20 years of age(OR=2.80,95% CI:1.15-6.85),more than 2 establishments that the FSWs worked in the last month(OR=4.37,95%CI:0.83-22.83). Factors associated with HSV-2 infection were methamphetamine use(OR=2.30,95%CI:1.43-3.70),having first commercial sex intercourse at under 20 years of age (OR=1.77,95%CI:1.16-2.69),working at low-end establishments (OR=2.61,95%CI:1.66-4.10),working at the local sex-work venues for more than one year(OR=2.01,95%CI:1.28-3.14),with low education backgrounds(OR=2.27,95%CI:1.18-4.36),using methamphetamine(OR=3.95,95%CI:2.09-7.44),low education background(OR=2.43,95%CI:1.10-5.36),21-30 year-olds(OR=2.95,95%CI:1.08-8.03),older than 31 years of age(OR=7.05, 95%CI:2.48-20.01) etc.,were independent risk factors associated with the superinfection of syphilis and HSV-2. Conclusion The prevalence rates of syphilis,HSV-2 and syphilis/HSV-2 superinfection were relatively high among FSWs in Jiaozhou,especially among the FSWs who were methamphetamine users.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the prevalence of syphilis and HSV-2 among female sex workers (FSWs) who use new types of drugs in Jiaozhou city.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Through convenient sampling, an anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted among female sex workers to collect demographic characteristics, new-type drugs abusing characteristics and related sexual behaviors from October to December, 2013. Blood specimens were drawn for serological tests of syphilis antibody and HSV-2 antibody. Urine specimens of the subjects surveyed were collected to test for methamphetamine. Differences in demographic characteristics, new-type drug abusing characteristics, and sexual behaviours between drug-abusing FSWs and non-drug-abusing FSWs were compared by t-test and χ(2)-test.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 460 FSWs were recruited in this study, and 105 FSWs admitted their drug abuse history. Among the 341 urine specimens confirmed to be methamphetamine positive, there were 3 FSWs claimed that they never abuse new-type drugs. The rate of new-type drug abuse was 23.5% (108/460). A total of 71.4% (75/105) of the new drug-abusing FSWs started using drugs under 25 years old. The main reasons for drug abuse were clients request (24, 22.9%), making more money (23, 21.9%) and companion temptations (22, 21.0%). Totally, 41.9% of them (44/105) took drugs with 4-5 persons, 32.4% (34/105) had sex with 2-3 men after taking drugs, and 60.2% of new-type drug-abusing FSWs (65/108) used condoms in the latest commercial intercourse, while only 7.4% FSWs (8/108) used condoms every time during their commercial sex activities in the recent month. Compared with FSWs having no drug abuse behavior, drug-abusing FSWs had higher single proportion (73.2% (79/108) vs 63.6% (224/352), χ(2) = 8.64, P < 0.05), lower condom use rate in the recent month (7.4% (8/108) vs 22.7% (80/352), χ(2) = 12.53, P < 0.01) and higher pregnancy rate in the recent 6 months (24.1% (26/108) vs 8.8% (31/352), χ(2) = 17.74, P < 0.01) and most of them come from the middle and high-level entertainmens (78.7% (85/108) vs 65.1% (229/352), χ(2) = 13.09, P < 0.01). Among the new-type drug-abusing FSWs, the prevalence rates of syphilis and HSV-2 were 12.0% (13/108) and 55.6% (60/108) , respectively. A total of 33 FSWs claimed that they were diagnosed with STDs in the recent year (30.6%) . The rates of syphilis(12.0% (13/108) vs 4.0% (14/352), χ(2) = 9.72, P < 0.01), HSV-2(55.6% (60/108) vs 39.2% (138/352), χ(2) = 9.01, P < 0.01) and diagnosed STDs (30.6% (33/108) vs 17.9% (63/352), χ(2) = 8.02, P < 0.01) among the drug-abusing FSWs were significantly higher than those of non-drug-abusing FSWs.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There is a higher proportion of new-type drug abuse among the FSWs in Jiaozhou, with significantly higher prevalence rates of syphilis and HSV-2 infection, compared with non-new types of drug abusing FSWs. Prevalent risk sexual behaviors and ignorance of new-types drugs' harm were seen among them.</p>
Sujets)
Femelle , Humains , Grossesse , Chine , Épidémiologie , Préservatifs masculins , Drogues fabriquées clandestinement , Herpès génital , Épidémiologie , Herpèsvirus humain de type 2 , Métamfétamine , Prévalence , Facteurs de risque , Prise de risque , Prostitution , Travailleurs du sexe , Comportement sexuel , Partenaire sexuel , Troubles liés à une substance , Syphilis , ÉpidémiologieRésumé
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To understand the characteristics of recreational drug users' behaviors and social network, as well as their potential impact to the transmission of sexual transmitted infections (STI).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Qualitative interview was used to collect information on rough estimation of population size and behavior change before and after recreational drug use. A total of 120 participants were recruited by convenient sampling from April to October, 2013 in a community of Qingdao city. Blood specimens were taken for HIV/syphilis serological testing and social network analysis was performed to understand the characteristics of their behavior and social network.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All participants used methamphetamine and 103 of them showed social connection. The prevalence of syphilis and HIV were 24.2% (29/120) and 2.5% (3/120) respectively. The estimated size of recreational drug users was big with a wide diversity of occupations and age range, and males were more frequent than females. Drug use may affect condom use and frequent drug users showed symptom of psychosis and neuro-toxicities. The size of social network was 2.45 ± 1.63 in the past 6 months, which indicated an increasing trend of the sexual partner number and risky behaviors.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Recreational drug use could increase the size of social network among sex partners, the frequency of risky sexual behaviors and syphilis prevalence, which indicate a high risk of HIV/STI among this population as well as a huge burden of disease prevention and control in the future.</p>
Sujets)
Adolescent , Femelle , Humains , Mâle , Usagers de drogues , Infections à VIH , Métamfétamine , Prévalence , Prise de risque , Partenaire sexuel , Soutien social , Syphilis , Rapports sexuels non protégésRésumé
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the prevalence rates and associated risk factors on HIV, syphilis, herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2) among female sex workers (FSWs) in Jiaozhou, Shandong province.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Through convenient sampling, an anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted on female sex workers to collect related information. Blood specimens were drawn for serological tests on HIV, syphilis and HSV-2 antibodies, respectively. Patients with positive results from both treponema pallidum and HSV-2 tested by ELISA method, were defined as being superinfected.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 460 FSWs were recruited in this study. The prevalence rates of HIV, syphilis, HSV-2, and syphilis/HSV-2 superinfection were 0.22% , 5.9% , 43.0% , and 11.7% , respectively. Among the methamphetamine users, the prevalence rates of syphilis, HSV-2, and syphilis/HSV-2 superinfection were 12.4%, 55.2%, and 22.9%, respectively. Results from multivariate analysis showed that factors that significantly associated with syphilis infection would include: methamphetamine use (OR = 3.61, 95% CI:1.62-8.06), having first commercial sex intercourse at under 20 years of age (OR = 2.80, 95% CI:1.15-6.85), more than 2 establishments that the FSWs worked in the last month (OR = 4.37, 95%CI:0.83-22.83). Factors associated with HSV-2 infection were methamphetamine use (OR = 2.30, 95%CI:1.43-3.70), having first commercial sex intercourse at under 20 years of age (OR = 1.77, 95% CI:1.16-2.69), working at low-end establishments (OR = 2.61, 95%CI:1.66-4.10), working at the local sex-work venues for more than one year (OR = 2.01, 95% CI:1.28-3.14), with low education backgrounds (OR = 2.27, 95% CI:1.18-4.36), using methamphetamine (OR = 3.95, 95% CI:2.09-7.44), low education background (OR = 2.43, 95% CI: 1.10-5.36), 21-30 year-olds (OR = 2.95, 95%CI:1.08-8.03), older than 31 years of age (OR = 7.05, 95% CI:2.48-20.01) etc., were independent risk factors associated with the superinfection of syphilis and HSV-2.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The prevalence rates of syphilis, HSV-2 and syphilis/HSV-2 superinfection were relatively high among FSWs in Jiaozhou, especially among the FSWs who were methamphetamine users.</p>