Application of WeChat group combined with case-based learning in probation teaching of vascular surgery / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To investigate the application effect of WeChat group combined with case-based learning (CBL) in probation teaching of vascular surgery.Methods:A total of 128 intern doctors of the seven-year medical program in vascular surgery were selected and divided into experimental group (WeChat group combined with CBL teaching) and control group (CBL teaching alone), and a unified assessment method was used to evaluate the mastery degree of professional theories and clinical knowledge and assess the teaching effect of these two teaching modes in vascular surgery. SPSS 22.0 was used to perform the t-test. Results:Compared with the control group, the experimental group had significantly higher scores of theoretical examination [(86.36±7.42) vs. (84.71±6.72)] and clinical examination [(88.44±7.62) vs. (86.22±6.41)], as well as significantly higher degrees of satisfaction with learning interest, classroom climate, self-learning ability, clinical thinking ability, and teamwork spirit.Conclusion:The teaching mode of WeChat group combined with CBL can improve the effect of the probation teaching of vascular surgery and the self-learning and clinical thinking abilities of intern doctors.

Application of new surgical clinical classification and staging of myasthenia gravis in the perioperative period / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective     To exploring the effectiveness of perioperative application of new surgical clinical classification and staging for myasthenia gravis (MG) in reducing the incidence of postoperative myasthenic crisis (MC). Methods     The clinical data of patients with generalized MG admitted to the Comprehensive Treatment Center for Myasthenia Gravis of Henan Provincial People’s Hospital from January 2018 to June 2022 were retrospectively analyzed, who were scored with myasthenia gravis-activities of daily living (MG-ADL) score and quantification of the myasthenia gravis (QMG) score at the first visit, 1 day before surgery, and 3 days after surgery. The patients were divided into a group A (typeⅡ) and a group B (typeⅢ+Ⅳ+Ⅴ) by the new surgical clinical classification and staging of MG according to the disease progression process, and all patients underwent expanded thoracoscopic thymus (tumor) resection after medication and other interventions to control symptoms in remission or stability. The incidence of MC and the efficiency rate after surgery were analyzed. The normal distribution method and percentile method were used to calculate the unilateral 95% reference range of the QMG score and MG-ADL score. Results     Finally 126 patients were enrolled, including 62 males and 64 females, aged 13-71 years, with an average age of 46.00±13.00 years. There were 95 patients in the group A and 31 patients in the group B, and the differences of the preoperative baseline data between the two groups were not statistically significant (P>0.05). The incidence of postoperative MC was 1.05% (1/95) in the group A and 3.23%(1/31) in the group B (P>0.05). The effective one-sided 95% reference range of the QMG score and MG-ADL score 1 day before surgery was 0-7.75 and 0-5.00, and there was no postoperative death in both groups. Conclusion     The new surgical clinical classification and staging of MG can guide the timing of surgery, which can benefit patients undergoing surgery for MG and greatly reduce the incidence of postoperative MC.

Expression and function of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor in thymocytes of myasthenia gravis patients / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective    To investigate the expression of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7 nAChR) in thymocytes of patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) and its effect on cytokine secretion and T cell proliferation. Methods    Patients with MG who underwent expanded thoracoscopic thymectomy in the Comprehensive Diagnosis and Treatment Center of the Henan Provincial People’s Hospital from June 2021 to June 2022 were selected and allocated to a MG group. Patients who underwent partial thymectomy to expose the surgical field during the cardiac disease surgery from June 2021 to September 2022 in the Department of Adult Cardiac Surgery of Fuwai Huazhong Cardiovascular Hospital were selected as the control group. Thymic single cell suspensions were prepared from MG and control groups, and the expression of α7 nAChR in thymocytes of the two groups was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. Then CD3/CD28 monoclonal antibody coupled with magnetic beads was used to induce T cell activation, and the levels of cytokines interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, and IL-21 in thymocytes of the two groups were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The activated T cells of the MG group were divided into a blank control group, an α7 nAChR antagonist group, and an α7 nAChR agonist group according to different treatment methods. After 72 hours of culture, IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, and IL-21 expression levels in the culture supernatant were measured by ELISA. Afterwards, CD4-PE and CD8-APC antibodies were added, and the proliferation of T cell subsets was detected by flow cytometry. Results    A total of 10 MG patients were collected, including 3 males and 7 females with an average age of 19.25±6.28 years; and 15 control patients were collected, including 6 males and 9 females with an average age of 26.18±6.77 years. Compared with the control group, the mRNA and protein levels of α7 nAChR in the thymocytes of MG group were decreased, and the expression levels of IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-4, IL-6 and IL-21 in the supernatant were increased (P<0.05), but there was no statistical difference in the expression of IL-10 and IL-17 (P>0.05). The cell-culture experiment showed that compared with the blank control group, the levels of IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-21 secreted by T cells in the α7 nAChR antagonist group were increased (P<0.05), while they were decreased in the α7 nAChR agonist group (P<0.05). There was no statistical difference in the secretion levels of IL-4, IL-10 or IL-17 among the three groups (P>0.05). CD4+ T and CD8+ T cells in the α7 nAChR agonist group were significantly less than those in the blank control group and α7 nAChR antagonist group (P<0.001), while they were significantly more in the α7 nAChR antagonist group than those in the blank control group (P<0.001). Conclusion    The expression of α7 nAChR in thymocytes of MG patients is decreased, and α7 nAChR may be involved in the inflammatory response in thymocytes and thus in thymic function.

Clinical application of G-iliac? iliac branch device in the treatment of common iliac artery aneurysm / 国际外科学杂志

Objective:To analyze the safety and efficacy of G-iliac? iliac branch device (IBD) in the treatment of common iliac artery aneurysm.Methods:The clinical data of 7 patients with common iliac artery aneurysm who were treated with G-iliac? IBD and internal iliac artery (IIA) preserved were retrospectively analyzed in the Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University from June 2021 to June 2022, and the surgical effects and related complications were analyzed.Results:All 7 patients were male, aged from 57 to 80 years, with an average age of 70.9 years. There were 6 cases of abdominal aortic aneurysm combined with common iliac artery aneurysm and 1 case of simple common iliac artery aneurysm, all of them were successfully applied with G-iliac? IBD to preserve IIA. Cardiogenic shock occurred in 1 patient after the operation. 7 patients were followed up for 3-15 months, with an average of 8 months. During the follow-up period, the iliac artery and IIA stents were all patency, and there was no IBD-related endoleak, stent displacement, buttock claudication, sexual dysfunction, or aortic-related death. The diameter of abdominal aortic aneurysm and common iliac artery aneurysm were stable.Conclusion:For patients with common iliac artery aneurysm, preservation of IIA with G-iliac? IBD is a safe and effective technique with a high technical success rate and IIA patency rate, and has a low complication rate, but the long-term effect still requires more data and longer follow-up data to support.

Analysis of influencing factors of therapeutic strategies for spontaneous isolated superior mesenteric artery dissection / 国际外科学杂志

Objective:To investigate the influencing factors and clinical effect analysis of the choice of treatment method for spontaneous isolated superior mesenteric artery dissection (SISMAD).Methods:The clinical data of 35 patients with SISMAD admitted to Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University from December 2015 to November 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. They were divided into conservative group ( n=24) and surgical group (endoluminal stent group + open surgery group, n=11). The conservative group was treated with conservative methods, the endoluminal stent group ( n=10) was treated with endoluminal stent placement, and the open surgery group ( n=1) was treated with superior mesenteric artery endarterectomy + angioplasty + ileal resection. The white blood cell (WBC) count on admission, the time of abdominal pain, YOO classification, aorta mesenteric angle(AMA), and the length of hospital stay between the two groups were analyzed. All patients were followed up for more than 24 months, at the end of which the vascular remodeling rate of superior mesenteric artery (SMA) between the two groups was studied. In addition, the primary patency rate and secondary patency rate of intracavitary stents were analyzed. Measurement data that conform to normal distribution were expressed as mean ± standard deviation ( ± s), and independent samples t-test was used for comparison between groups; measurement data that do not conform to normal distribution were expressed as median (interquartile range) [ M( Q1,Q3)], the nonparametric test was used for comparison between groups. Enumeration data were compared between groups using the Chi-square test. Results:Univariate analysis showed that compared with the conservative group, the IVS type in YOO classificationin of surgical group was significantly more than the conservative group. There was no significant difference in WBC, duration of abdominal pain, or AMA at admission ( P>0.05). In addition, the length of hospital stay in the conservative group was significantly shorter than that in the surgical group. No intestinal necrosis occurred in endoluminal stent group. After 24 months of follow-up, the remodeling rate of SMA in the surgical group was higher than that in the conservative group; the primary patency rate of the endoluminal stent group was 87.5%, and the secondary patency rate was 100%. One patient in the conservative group developed SMA dissection aneurysm during 12 months of follow-up and received endovascular treatment. Conclusions:For the treatment of SISMAD, most patients can be cured by conservative treatment. However, for patients with consistent abdominal pain and IVS type in YOO classification, if there is no severe manifestation of peritonitis, it is recommended to perform endovascular stent placement as soon as possible to open the blood supply. Meanwhile, the SMA stenting has an ideal long-term patency rate and vascular remodeling rate.

The effect of percutaneous kyphoplasty on the vertebral height and Cobb angle in elderly patients with osteoporotic thoracolumbar compression fractures / 中国医师杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of percutaneous kyphoplasty on the vertebral height and Cobb angle in elderly patients with osteoporotic thoracolumbar compression fractures.Methods:Seventy elderly patients with osteoporotic thoracolumbar compression fractures who were admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from March 2019 to March 2020 were selected as the study objects. They were grouped according to the random number table method, with 35 patients in each group. The patients in the observation group were treated with multi-point balloon expansion percutaneous kyphoplasty, and the patients in the control group were treated with single balloon expansion percutaneous kyphoplasty. The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Oswestry Dysfunction Index (ODI) score were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. The relative height of injured vertebrae, Cobb angle, bone cement diffusion volume ratio, operation time, radiation exposure time and bone cement injection volume were recorded.Results:There was no significant difference in VAS and ODI score between the two groups before operation (all P>0.05). At 12 months after operation, the VAS and ODI score of the two groups were lower than those before operation (all P<0.05), and the ODI score of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group ( P<0.05). At 12 months after operation, the relative height of injured vertebrae in the observation group was higher than that in the control group, and the local Cobb angle was significantly lower than that in the control group (all P<0.05). The total effective rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group (94.28% vs 82.86%, P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the observation group had higher proportion of grade Ⅱ in the diffusion volume ratio of bone cement and more bone cement injection, and longer operation time (all P<0.05), while there was no significant difference in the radiation exposure time between the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:The treatment of percutaneous kyphoplasty with multi-point expansion of balloon under overextended posture can more effectively improve the relative height of injured vertebrae and improve local Cobb angle of elderly patients with osteoporotic thoracolumbar compression fractures, and does not increase the risk of bone cement leakage. It is worthy of clinical application and promotion.

Current approaches of nanomedicines in the market and various stage of clinical translation

Compared with traditional drug therapy, nanomedicines exhibit intriguing biological features to increase therapeutic efficiency, reduce toxicity and achieve targeting delivery. This review provides a snapshot of nanomedicines that have been currently launched or in the clinical trials, which manifests a diversified trend in carrier types, applied indications and mechanisms of action. From the perspective of indications, this article presents an overview of the applications of nanomedicines involving the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of various diseases, which include cancer, infections, blood disorders, cardiovascular diseases, immuno-associated diseases and nervous system diseases, etc. Moreover, the review provides some considerations and perspectives in the research and development of nanomedicines to facilitate their translations in clinic.

Clinical value of serum albumin in the evaluation of left atrial thrombosis in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective:To investigate the relationship between serum albumin(SA)levels and left atrial thrombosis(LAT)in elderly patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation(NVAF), and to evaluate the clinical value of SA in predicting LAT in elderly NVAF patients.Methods:Clinical data of 180 elderly patients with NVAF undergone transesophageal echocardiography(TEE)in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed.According to whether there was thrombosis in the left atrium, patients were divided into the thrombus group(n=42)and the non-thrombus group(n=138). Logistic regression was used to analyze factors related to left atrial appendage thrombosis in NVAF patients.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to evaluate the value of serum albumin levels in predicting LAT formation in elderly NVAF patients.Results:The duration of AF was longer in the thrombus group than in the non-thrombus group(all P<0.05). C-reactive protein(CRP)levels and platelet(PLT)counts were higher, and SA levels and the international normalization ratio(INR)were lower in the thrombus group than in the non-thrombus group(all P<0.05). The left atrial diameter(LAD)was larger in the thrombus group than in the non-thrombus group( P<0.05). Multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that the duration of AF and CRP levels were independent risk factors for LAT( P<0.05), and SA levels and INR were independent protective factors for LAT( P<0.05). ROC curve results showed that the area under the curve(AUC)of SA in predicting LAT was 0.778(95% CI: 0.711-0.837, P<0.001). Conclusions:Low serum albumin levels are closely related to LAT in NVAF patients and can be regarded as a predictor of LAT.Serum albumin levels should be monitored in clinical practice to reduce the incidence of stroke events in patients with AF.

Phospholipid membrane-decorated deep-penetrated nanocatalase relieve tumor hypoxia to enhance chemo-photodynamic therapy

Hypoxia is a serious impediment to current treatments of many malignant tumors. Catalase, an antioxidant enzyme, is capable of decomposing endogenous hydrogen peroxide (H

Targeting peptide-decorated biomimetic lipoproteins improve deep penetration and cancer cells accessibility in solid tumor

The limited penetration of nanoparticles and their poor accessibility to cancer cell fractions in tumor remain essential challenges for effective anticancer therapy. Herein, we designed a targeting peptide-decorated biomimetic lipoprotein (termed as BL-RD) to enable their deep penetration and efficient accessibility to cancer cell fractions in a tumor, thereby improving the combinational chemo-photodynamic therapy of triple negative breast cancer. BL-RD was composed of phospholipids, apolipoprotein A1 mimetic peptide (PK22), targeting peptide-conjugated cytotoxic mertansine (RM) and photodynamic agents of DiIC18(5) (DiD). The counterpart biomimetic lipoprotein system without RM (termed as BL-D) was fabricated as control. Both BL-D and BL-RD were nanometer-sized particles with a mean diameter of less than 30 nm and could be efficiently internalized by cancer cells. After intravenous injection, they can be specifically accumulated at tumor sites. When comparing to the counterpart BL-D, BL-RD displayed superior capability to permeate across the tumor mass, extravasate from tumor vasculature to distant regions and efficiently access the cancer cell fractions in a solid tumor, thus producing noticeable depression of the tumor growth. Taken together, BL-RD can be a promising delivery nanoplatform with prominent tumor-penetrating and cancer cells-accessing capability for effective tumor therapy.

Percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy and angioplasty for femoropopliteal artery stent restenosis / 中华普通外科杂志

Objective To evaluate percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy and angioplasty in patients with femoropopliteal artery stent restenosis.Methods The clinical data of 41 cases with critical limb ischemia caused by femoropopliteal artery stent restenosis were analyzed retrospectively from Jun 2015 to May 2017,who were treated by percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy (PMT) + percutaneous angioplasty (PTA) simultaneously.Clinical status assessment,ankle brachial index (ABI) test and color duplex ultrasonography (CDU) were administered at 3rd,6th and 12th month during follow-up;and computed tomography angiography (CTA) or digital subtraction angiography (DSA) was performed at 6th and 12th month after discharged.Results Procedures were successful in all patients.27 cases were under PTA after PMT,other 14 cases were under PTA + stenting after PMT.The average ABI increased from 0.34 ± 0.28 to 0.84 ± 0.32 (P =0.00) immediately.There was no perioperative death and major limb amputation.36 cases (36/41,87.8％) were followed-up from 169 to 698 days (mean 426 days).During follow-up of 12 months,there were 18 cases with in-stent restenosis and/or thrombosis.PMT + PTA were performed again in 14 cases and 4 cases accepted medication;no case encountered major amputation.The primary patency and second patency were 82.9％ and 97.6％ respectively at 6th month;Which were 49.8％ and 88.8％ respectively at 12th month,and the ABI was 0.65 ± 0.10 (P =0.01).Conclusion Percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy and angioplasty is safe,miniinvasive and effective for femoropoplitealartery stent restenosis.

Percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy and angioplasty for femoropopliteal artery stent restenosis / 中华普通外科杂志

Objective@#To evaluate percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy and angioplasty in patients with femoropopliteal artery stent restenosis.@*Methods@#The clinical data of 41 cases with critical limb ischemia caused by femoropopliteal artery stent restenosis were analyzed retrospectively from Jun 2015 to May 2017, who were treated by percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy(PMT)+ percutaneous angioplasty (PTA) simultaneously. Clinical status assessment, ankle brachial index (ABI) test and color duplex ultrasonography (CDU) were administered at 3rd, 6th and 12th month during follow-up; and computed tomography angiography (CTA) or digital subtraction angiography (DSA) was performed at 6th and 12th month after discharged.@*Results@#Procedures were successful in all patients. 27 cases were under PTA after PMT, other 14 cases were under PTA+ stenting after PMT. The average ABI increased from 0.34±0.28 to 0.84±0.32(P=0.00)immediately. There was no perioperative death and major limb amputation.36 cases (36/41, 87.8%) were followed-up from 169 to 698 days (mean 426 days). During follow-up of 12 months, there were 18 cases with in-stent restenosis and/or thrombosis. PMT+ PTA were performed again in 14 cases and 4 cases accepted medication; no case encountered major amputation. The primary patency and second patency were 82.9%and 97.6% respectively at 6th month; Which were 49.8% and 88.8% respectively at 12th month, and the ABI was 0.65±0.10 (P=0.01).@*Conclusion@#Percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy and angioplasty is safe, miniinvasive and effective for femoropopliteal artery stent restenosis.

Influence of social cognition and interaction training on social function and life quality of patients with schizophrenia in remission / 中国现代医生

Objective To investigate the influence of social cognition and interaction training(SCIT) on psychiatric symptoms, social function and life quality of patients with schizophrenia in remission. Methods 90 patients with schizophrenia were randomized into intervention group and control group. Combined with primary medication, patients in intervention group were treated with SCIT for 10 weeks while patients in control group were treated with routine mental supportive treatment. Patients' psychiatric symptoms, social function and life quality after treatment were observed. Results Scores of positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS), social disability screening schedule(SDSS), family assessment device (FAD) and general quality of life inventory (GQOLI) in two groups before intervention were not significantly different(P＞0. 05). Compared with those before intervention, scores of positive syndrome, negative syndrome and total score of PANSS decreased significantly in two groups respectively (P＜0. 05) and these indicators in intervention group improved more significantly when compared with control group (P＜0. 05). Scores of SDSS and FAD in intervention group decreased when compare with those before intervention and were lower than those in control group(P＜0. 05). After intervention, scores of body function, physiological function, social function and quality of life in intervention group increased significantly (P＜0. 05) and were higher than those in control group after intervention (P＜0. 05). There were no significant differences of scores of material life satisfaction between before and after intervention or be tween groups (P＞0. 05). Conclusion SCIT could improve the social function and quality of life in patients with schizophrenia in remission significantly and could relieve the clinical symptoms of patients with schizophrenia in remission to some extent.

Effect of systemic inflammation response index on clinical prognosis of patients with glioma and its relationship with IDH1 mutation / 实用肿瘤学杂志

Objective The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of systemic inflammation response index(SI-RI)on clinical prognosis of patients with glioma and its relationship with dehydrogenase 1(IDH1)mutation.Methods Eighty patients with glioma who underwent surgery in the department of Neurosurgery were collected from August 2006 to November 2015.The best clinical cutoff value for SIRI was determined using operating characteristic curve(ROC)and grouped accordingly.The Kaplan-Meier and log-rank methods were used to analyze the postoperative survival of the two groups of patients.The independent clinical prognos-tic factors were evaluated by Cox′s proportional hazards regression model.The IDH1 mutation was detected by immunohistochemistry and DNA sequencing.Results SIRI was an independent prognostic factor of glioma,and the best clinical cutoff value was 0.67 × 109/L.The median progress free survival(PFS)and overall survival(OS)of patients with low SIRI group were 46.90 months and 57.90 months,and the median PFS and OS of patients with high SIRI group were 31.78 months and 47.22 months,respectively.There was significant difference between the two groups in the median survival time of PFS and OS by log-rank method(P<0.05).Univa-riate and multivariate analysis showed that age,gender,type of surgery,WHO stage,SIRI and IDH1 mutation were the independent prognostic factors in neurostein stromal tumors.Patients with low-grade SIRI and glioma with IDH1 mutation have a better prognosis than other conditions.Conclusion SIRI is an independent prognostic factor of glioma.It is simple,convenient and reproducible,and may be used to predict the prognosis of patients with glioma.

Simultaneous Determination of 5 Kinds of Acid and Alkaline Components in Anti-cold Compound Preparation by HPLC Based on Auto·Blend Plus Technology / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To establish the method for simultaneous contents determination of 5 kinds of acid and alkaline componentsin anti-cold compound preparation. METHODS:HPLC method was adopted. The workstation was Auto·Blend Plus software of ACQUITY Arc system. The determination was performed on Discovery?HS F5-5 column with mobile phase consisted of acid mixture-base mixture-methanol-0.3% triethylamine (gradient elution) at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The detection wavelengths were set at 270 nm (acetaminophen,salicylamide,chlorphenamine maleate,triprolidine hydrochloride) and 299 nm (aspirin). The column temperature was 35 ℃,the sample size was 20 μ L. RESULTS:The linear ranges of acetaminophen, salicylamide,acetylsalicylic acid,chlorphenamine maleate,triprolidine hydrochloride were 26-411 μ g/mL(r＝0.999 6),16-254 μg/mL(r＝0.999 8),16-748 μg/mL(r＝0.998 1),35-565 μg/mL(r＝0.999 8)and 25-404 μg/mL(r＝0.999 7),respectively. LOQ were 3.6,3.1,4.0,9.6,6.3 μ g/mL;LOD were 1.9,1.3,1.4,2.9,2.3 μ g/mL,respectively. RSDs of intermediate precision, stability and reproducibility tests were all lower than 2%. Average recoveries were 100.0%-102.0%(RSD＝0.59%,n＝9), 95.2%-101.0%(RSD＝1.55%,n＝9),96.2%-99.9%(RSD＝1.24%,n＝9),96.2%-101.5%(RSD＝1.57%,n＝9),96.3%-98.9%(RSD＝0.83%,n＝9),respectively. RSDs of durability tests were lower than 3%. CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple, accurate,precise,stable,reproducible and durable,and can be used for simultaneous contents determination of 5 kinds of acid and alkaline components in anti-cold compound preparation.

Influence of Glimepiride on Plasma Concentrations and Antihypertensive Effects of Losartan and Losartan Carboxylic Acid in the Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Complicated with Hypertension / 中国药师

Objective:To assess the influence of glimepiride on the plasma concentrations and antihypertensive effects of losartan and its active metabolite losartan carboxylic acid(E-3174) in the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension. Methods:Pragmatic randomized controlled trial was used in the clinical study. Forty-five patients were enrolled and randomized into glimepiride group and the control group. Losartan was used as the antihypertensive drug in the two groups. After two-week interference,the plasma concentrations of losartan and its active metabolite E-3174 were determined using an LC-MS/MS method and the reduction of hyperten-sion was measured. Results:The plasma trough concentrations of losartan in glimepiride group was not higher than those in the control group,and those of E-3174 in glimepiride group was not lower than those in the control group. Additionally,the reduction of hyperten-sion was similar in the two groups. Conclusion: Glimepiride does not influence the plasma concentrations and the antihypertensive effects of losartan and its active metabolite E-3174 in the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension, suggesting no drug-drug interactions between them. Owing to the small sample,large clinical trial should be performed to confirm the above conclusion.

The Infulence of Factors on Auditory and Speech Performances in Preschool Children with Unilateral Cochlear Implantation / 听力学及言语疾病杂志

Objective To investigate the affecting factors on auditory and speech performances in preschool children with unilateral cochlear implantation (CI) .Methods The clinical data of the preschool children (n=165) with unilateral cochlear implantation in the Second Xiangya hospital from January 2006 to April 2013 were collected . These children received rehabilitation according to the method recommended by the China Rehabilitation Research Center for Deaf Children ,and the data were analyzed retrospectively .The categories of auditory performance (CAP) and speech intelligibility rating (SIR) were used to assess their auditory and speech performances .The relationships between the performance and gender ,implanted age ,genotype ,inner ear malformation ,history of hearing aid were evaluated .Results Implanted ages and genotypes were associated with the auditory and speech performance of par‐ticipants (P<0 .05) ,while genders ,hearing aid experience ,and inner ear malformations(enlarged vestibular aque‐duct syndrome ,EVAS)were not significant related (P<0 .05) .Children were found to have achieved better CAP and SIR growths when CI was implanted during 1~3 years old and 2~4 years old ,respectively (P<0 .05) .The outcomes of CI recipients with GJB2 mutation were significantly better than those of the GJB2-nonrelated CI recipi‐ents (P<0 .05) .Conclusion This study provides evidence that CIs during first 1~3 years old having better auditory rehabilitation results than those of during 4~6 years old ,and CIs during 2~4 years old obtaining a better speech development in the first 12 months after operation .Deaf children with GJB2 mutation show better auditory and speech performances after CIs than those of the peers without GJB2 mutation .CIs can be effectively performed in deaf children associated with EVAs as in those without EVAS .

Application of vascular interventional technique in the treatment of renal carcinoma with inferior vena cava tumor thrombus / 国际外科学杂志

The treatment of renal cacinoma with inferior vena cava tumor thrombus is priority to the surgery,because of serious tranma and high risk the traditional operative method.Surgical procedure has been developed and changes.The development and application of vascular intervcntional technique make operation more safe and convenient.This article summarizes the application of renal artery intervention,inferior vena cava filter,balloons and vascular endoscope in the treatment of renal carcinoma with inferior vena cave tumor thrombus.

Endovascular treatment of lower extremity atherosclerosis obliterans / 国际外科学杂志

Atherosclerosis obliterans of lower extremity artery mainly involve the aorto-lliac artery,femoral-popliteal artery and below-knee arteries.At present the major treatment of the disease is endovascular treatment.Due to anatomical differences between the three arteries,the principles and effect of endovascular treatment are different.The endovascular treatment of iliac- femoral lesions,because of its patency rate not lower than surgery,has become the preferred way.On account of the high incidence of femoral- popliteal lesions and the dissatisfaction for patency rate,the endovascular treatment of femoral-popliteal lesions has become a hot research.Endovascular therapy in the below-knee arteries is still in the exploration,currently a small balloon-based.

Bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of two sustained release formulations of mizolastine in healthy volunteers / 复旦学报（医学版）

Purpose The aim of this study was to compare the pharmacokinetic(PK) profile and relative bioavailability of two sustained release tablets containing 10 mg mizolastine in healthy, young Chinese volunteers. Methods A single oral dose of mizolastine was given under fasting conditions to volunteers aged from 21 to 24 years in this open-label, randomized, crossover study. A ten-day washout period was applied between each of the two formulations. Plasma samples were obtained before dosing and at predetermined time points after dosing up to 48 hours and were analyzed for plasma concentration with a high-performance-liquid chromatography-UV method. PK parameters representing the extent and the rate of absorption of mizolastine were obtained. An analysis of variance, 90% confidence intervals, and two one-sided tests were employed for statistical analysis of relative difference between the two formulations. Results According to the pharmacokinetic and statistical analysis, parameters were not statistically different between the two formulations except the peak concentration (cmax). The point estimates of the ratios of AUC0→t, AUC0→∞ of mizolastine were (101.26 + 9.82) % and (102.52 + 8.61)% with 90% confidence intervals (CIs) of 95. 5% - 106. 5% and 97. 7% -106.9% respectively, comprised in the stipulated 80% - 125% range; for cmax values, the ratios was 82.17% - 15.32% with the 90% CIs of 71. 7% - 91.1%, fell in the recommended range of 70% -143%. Conclusions The results indicate that there is no statistically significant difference in PK parameters except cmax between the two sustained release tablets of mizolastine. The 90% CIs of AUC0→t,AUC0→∞ and cmax are within the predefined range. Thus, the two sustained release tablets of mizolastine are considered bioequivalent and generally well tolerated.