Résumé
Objective To know the levels of antibodies against influenza A virus subtypes H1 and H3 of population in Shanghai during 2009, and the detection of antibodies against avian influenza virus subtypes H5 and H9 in population which contacts with avian. Methods The serological survey of the antibodies against influenza A viruses subtypes H1, H3, H5 and H9 in 356 close contacts with avian (professional population) and 332 general subjects (general population) at various age groups were carried out using hemagglutinin inhibit (HI) test. Results The positive rates of antibodies against influenza virus A/Brisbane/59/2007 (H1N1) in general population and professional population were 82.8% (275/332) and 73.9% (263/356), respectively; those of A/Brisbane/10/2007 (H3N2)were 50.6% (168/332) and 54.8% (195/356), respectively. The positive rate of antibodies against influenza virus A/Brisbane/59/2007 (H1N1 )was significantly higher than that of influenza A viruses subtype H3, which was consistent with etiological survey of influenza virus in Shanghai during 2008.The positive rates of antibodies against influenza A virus subtype H5 in professional population and general population were 4.2% (15/356) and 0.3% (1/332), respectively; those of influenza A virus subtype H9 were 34.6% (123/356) and 2.4% (8/332), respectively. The positive rates of antibodies against influenza virus A/Brisbane/59/2007 (H1N1 ) and A/Brisbane/10/2007 (H3N2) in age groups of 6 months-5 years and ≥60 years were lower than other age groups. Conclusions The immune protective response against seasonal influenza A subtype H1 and H3 of population in Shanghai is high,while those of children and the elders were low. The levels of antibodies against influenza A viruses subtype H5 and H9 in professinal population present obviously ascending trend, which indicates that the etiological and serological survey of influenza virus in this population should be enhanced.
Résumé
As the amount of PET/CT increases,the amount of cyclotron also increases.Hospitals are confronted with some similar problems in cyclotrons purchase.The article is about the stability,after service,yields of nuclide and the particle energy of cyclotron.The stability of cyclotron is the most important factor,and after service is in the next place,while the yields of nuclide are also very important.
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Objective To develop the dual-beam technology of cyclotron to produce radioactive nuclide, which can increase radiopharmaceuticals output. Methods A new target is installed in cyclotron standby target, and at the same time the tubes and electronic components are fixed to produce radioactive nuclide through dual-beam technology, the product is tested by the dose calibrator. Results The radioactive nuclide can be produced through dual-beam technology and the output is nearly double times about which a single target. Conclusion The productions of cyclotron radioactive isotope are improved by dual-beam technology and meet the clinical needs of PET/CT examination for drugs.
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Objective:To study the recycling technique for used nuclear-medicine tracer oxygen-18 water.Methods:A small-scale purification device for wasted oxygen-18 water was built.Six processes,including cotton core filtration,active carbon adsorption,ultraviolet oxidation,anti-osmosis filtration,ion exchange,and simple evaporation,were included in the device.Totally 10.5 kg experimental samples were evenly divided into 21 portions.Three portions of the samples were treated by each of the above 6 processes for 5 cycles by dosing pump.The electrical conductivity,TOC(total organic carbon), enrichment of oxygen-18 water,and the material consumption,were statistically analyzed after each recycling.Results:Samples were greatly consumed in the anti-osmosis filtration process and the enrichment of oxygen-18 in the ion exchange process dropped markedly;therefore,the above 2 processes were ruled out for the recycling.Though sample consumption was higher in the initial steps of cotton core filtration and active carbon adsorption,but was lower in the latter steps.Samples were hardly consumed in ultraviolet oxidation and simple evaporation;meanwhile,these processes had little influence on enrichment of isotope oxygen-18.The suitable processes for wasted oxygen-18 water purification were cotton core filtration,active carbon adsorption,ultraviolet oxidation,and simple evaporation.The 4 suitable steps were used for 1500 g samples.The conductance value of the resultant samples(1341 g)was(2.22?0.03)?S/cm,the TOC was(0.86?0.01)mg/L,and the enrichment was (32.44?0.04)atom%(dropped by 2.56%),with the sample consumption rate being 10.6%.Conclusion:Cotton core filtration,active carbon adsorption,ultraviolet oxidation,and simple evaporation can basically meet the demand for recycling oxygen-18 water.