RÉSUMÉ
Objective: This study investigates the effect of mesenchymal stem cells [MSC], an immuneprivileged cell source for tissue repair, Interluken [IL-10], an immune inhibitory factor, and platelet lysate [PL] on the fracture healing process
Methods: Forty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized, and left tibia mid shaft fractures were created. The rats were randomly assigned to 5 groups and received injections with saline [ A]; MSC and PL [B]; IL-10 and PL [C]; PL [D]; and MSC, PL, and IL-10 [E]. Lateral radiographs of four randomly selected rats in each group were taken at different days post-fracture. Four rats from each group were sacrificed at day twenty one post-fracture, with left tibiae harvested for histological analysis
Results: At 7 days post-fracture, the highest level of callus formation and bone healing was observed in group E [treated with MSC, PL, and IL-10] followed by groups B [treated with MSC and PL]. The same results were obtained at days 14, 21 and 28 post-fracture. At 21days post-fracture, histological analysis revealed that the callus of fractured tibiae in group A consisted mostly of chondrocytes, while in groups C and D, extensive remodeling with a limited amount of chondrocytes present at the fracture. Combination of MSC, PL, and IL-10was associated with the greatest fracture healing performance. After 3 weeks of treatment in group E and B, trabecular bone formation and cortex remodeling were observed
Conclusions: The use of MSC in combination with IL-10 and PL is a promising alternative treatment to promote fracture healing