acetylcholinesterase [AChE] inhibition analysis of medaka [Oryzias latipes] in the exposure of three insecticides

The continuous effects on Acetylcholinesterase [AChE] activity of medaka [Oryzias latipes] caused by dichlorvos, methomyl and deltamethrin in vivo were investigated, and the trends of AChE activity inhibition due to the influence of these insecticides were discussed. The LC[50]-24 h of dichlorvos, methomyl and deltamethrin on medaka were 2.3 mg/L, 0.2 mg/L, and 2.9×10[-3] mg/L respectively. The result suggested that at the beginning of the exposure, the AChE activity might increase, and the AChE activity in dead individuals was obviously lower than the live individuals. Though the de novo synthesis of AChE in medaka might help the AChE activity recover, the trends during the exposure in different treatments were downward, and it showed both exposure time and concentration dependent. Meanwhile, higher temperature might cause the AChE inhibition earlier due to the higher metabolic rate. Therefore, as a specific biomarker for organophosphate, carbamate pesticides and pyrethroids, the degree of the AChE inhibition with in vivo conditions is a good tool in continuous monitoring of insecticides, which may induce the nerve conduction disorders

role of Ki-67 in women with a resistant prolactinoma: a retrospective analysis in 199 hospitalized patients over a period of 5 years

Proliferation-associated antigen Ki-67 is used for the histological evaluation of different tumors. Few studies have been conducted on women with a resistant prolactinoma

To better define the characteristics and to evaluate the differences between patients with different Ki-67 labeling index [LI], a retrospective study was designed to recruit 199 females with a resistant prolactinoma. The patients were divided into two groups, patients with Ki-67 LI>3% and patients with Ki-67 LI<3%. Tumors in the LI>3% group were also larger [p=0.043], had a higher rate of invasion (p=0.014), and were associated with more frequent polyuria and polydipsia [p=0.008] compared to the LI<3% group. The pre- and post-operative PRL levels in the LI>3% group remained significantly higher compared to patients with LI<3% [p<0.05]

The incidences of transient diabetes insipidus and hyponatremia in the LI>3% group were also significantly higher [p=0.037, p=0.041]

Additionally, the postoperative PRL normalization rate was lower in patients with LI>3?/o compared with patients with LI<3% [p=0.028]

The recurrence rate in the LI>3% and LI<3% groups were 27.27% and 8.47%, respectively. In conclusion, high Ki-67 LI is predictive sign of a poor prognosis in women with resistant prolactinoma