Estimación de riesgo de enfermedad coronaria mediante la función de Framingham adaptada para la población chilena / Estimation of coronary heart disease risk in Chilean subjects based on adapted Framingham equations

Background: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Chile and worldwide. Framingham functions were developed to calculate overall coronary heart disease risk However these functions overestimate the risk in some countries ¡ike Chile. Aim To develop Chilean risk tables to assess the overall 10-year risk of coronary heart disease. Material and methods: The Framingham function was adapted for a population aged 35 to 74 years, based on an estimate of Chilean incidence of coronary heart disease and the prevalence of coronary heart disease risk factors such as age, sex, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, blood pressure, diabetes and smoking. Results: The 10-year incidence of coronary heart disease in Chile (2.7 percent in men, 1.096 in women) was lower than the incidence in the United States (10.096/3.896) and Spain (4.996/2.296), but higher than China (1.196/0.496). Framingham tables have more than 50 percent of cells in the risk category of 10 percent or greater. In contrast, Chilean tables have less than 10 percent of cells in the same risk category. Conclusions: Adapted tables use local information to calculate overall coronary heart disease risk. A validation study should be conducted to assess their predictive power.

Discordancia en autopercepción de peso en población adulta de Talca / Discordance between nutritional status and self perception of weight among adults from Talca, Chile

Background: Obesity is related to underestimation of one’s own weight. Aim: To determine the agreement between nutritional status and self perception of weight status in apparently healthy adults from Talca. Subjects and methods: Data were obtained from a survey applied at 1007 randomly selected subjects, aged 18-74 years old (66% women). The survey identified age, gender, educational level and socioeconomic status. Self-perception of weight was estimated with pictures representing the four nutritional status categories: underweight, normal, overweight and obese. Body Mass Index (BMI, kg/m2) was calculated todetermine nutritional status. Statistical analysis included kappa index, Bowman’s symmetry test and a logistic regression model to calculate the odds ratio in different variables related tounderestimation of weight. Results: Seventy three percent of subjects were overweight or obese and 44% underestimated their nutritional status. Sixty percent of subjects with a BMI between 25 and 26 kg/m2, perceived themselves as normal. A higher underestimation was observed in obesesubjects (odds ratio (OR) 17.2 95% confidence intervals (CI) 10.9-27.1), in overweight individuals (OR 3.5 95% CI 2.3-5.3), in men (OR 1.5 95% CI 1.1-2.1) and in people aged from 45 to 59 years (OR 1.7 95% CI 1.0-2.7). Conclusion: Almost half of studied population had an erroneous self perception of weight, mainly due to underestimation. Obese subjects, males and people older than 45 years were those with the higher degree of underestimation.