A Single-center Retrospective Cohort Study on Cesarean Section under General Anesthesia / 中国医学科学杂志(英文版)

Objective Neuraxial block is the most common anesthesia method for cesarean section (CS). However, for some urgent and high-risk cesarean delivery, general anesthesia (GA) also plays a very important role. We aimed to find out the reasons of choosing GA for CS in our center and the factors that may be related to the maternal and fetal outcomes. Methods We retrospectively selected parturients who had CS procedures under GA in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2016. Clinical data (baseline maternal status, preoperative status, perioperative information, maternal and fetal outcomes) of parturients and neonates were collected and analyzed. We summarized the common reasons for applying general anesthesia, and compared the back-to-ICU ratio and hospital stay time between parturients with different maternal American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade, gestational weeks and intraoperative blood loss, as well as the fetal one-minute Apgar score between different maternal ASA grade and gestational weeks. Results There were 98 cases of CS under GA enrolled in the study. Among the maternal and fetal factors, pregnancy with internal or surgical diseases is the most common reason (59 cases, 60.2%) for choosing GA, followed by the placenta and fetal membrane abnormalities (38 cases, 38.8%) and the pregnancy-specific disorders (36 cases, 36.7%). ASA grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ of parturients (χ 2=44.3, P<0.05), gestation period < 37 weeks (χ 2=23.4, P<0.05), and blood loss > 800 ml (χ 2=5.5, P<0.05) were related to the higher postoperative intensive care unit (ICU) rate in parturients. ASA grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ of parturients (t=-2.99, P<0.05), gestation period < 37 weeks (t=2.47, P<0.05) were related to the longer hospital stay. ASA grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ of parturients (t=2.21, P=0.01) and gestation period < 37 weeks (t=-3.21, P=0.002) were related to the lower one-minute Apgar score of neonates. Conclusion Pregnancy with internal or surgical diseases is the most common reason for choosing GA for CS. High ASA grade and short gestation period were the related factors of high postoperative ICU ratio for parturients and low one-minute Apgar score for neonates.

Identification and quantitative analysis of Archaea involved in periodontal disease / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To make qualitative and quantitative analysis of Archaea in subgingival plaque sample and to investigate the relationship between periodontal disease and Archaea.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Subgingival plaque was collected from 23 patients with aggressive periodontitis, 29 with chronic periodontitis, 35 with plaque-induced gingivitis and 38 healthy controls. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of methanogenic archaea was performed by amplification of the 16S rRNA genes in the DNA extracted from the plaque samples.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Archaea were found in 65% of aggressive periodontitis patients, 72% of chronic periodontitis, 26% of gingivitis and zero of healthy subjects. Quantitative analysis showed the average abundance of archaeal 16S rRNA gene in Archaea-positive patients was different among the three groups. The average 16S rRNA gene copy number from per microg wet plaque was 6.66 x 10(6) in aggressive periodontitis sufferers, 4.47 x 10(6) in chronic periodontitis and 1.78 x 10(6) in gingivitis groups. The prevalence of Archaea and the average Archaea 16S rRNA gene numbers in periodontitis groups were higher than those in gingivitis group (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>This suggests that Archaea may be implicated as causative agents for periodontitis.</p>

Differential gene expression between Streptococcus sobrinus 6715 and its fluoride-resistant strains / 上海第二医科大学学报

Objective To detect the differential gene expression between Streptococcus sobrinus(S.sobrinus) 6715 and its fluoride-resistant strains. Methods The fluoride-resistant strains of S.sobrinus 6715 was induced by increasing the concentration of fluoride step by step.Total RNA of both S.sobrinus 6715 and its fluoride-resistant strains was extracted,mRNA was separated and purificated,and then cDNA was obtained by reversed transcription.Suppression subtractive hybridization(SSH) technology was used to detect the differential gene expression between them.The differential gene expression fragments were cloned and compared with the GenBank by BLAST.Results After comparing with the GenBank by BLAST,it was identified that there were two differential gene expression fragments,fruA and SMU.438c. Conclusion The cDNA subtractive lib of differential gene expression between S.sobrinus 6715 and its fluoride-resistant strains was successfully constructed through SSH,which paves a way for the further study of fluoride-resistant mechanism.

Comparative study on different methods for quantitative analysis of oral common microorganisms / 上海第二医科大学学报

flow cytometry.A strong linear relationship was observed in the standard curve of real-time PCR of each bacteria. Conclusion These three non-culture methods can be used in the quantitative analysis of oral microorganisms.Real-time PCR and laser scanning confocal microscopy are better than the traditional culture-based CFU count,and real-time PCR is the most sensitive method.