Résumé
Introducción: En 2013, desarrollamos una escala, para evaluar resúmenes de congresos de la Sociedad de Cirujanos de Chile (SOCICH). Objetivo: Determinar consistencia interna y confiabilidad interobservador de una escala para evaluar resúmenes de congresos. Material y Método: Estudio de confiabilidad. Doce cirujanos fueron capacitados de forma virtual durante 8 horas, para aplicar la escala. Una vez finalizado el entrenamiento, se les envió un cuestionario para evaluar contenidos de la capacitación, y varios resúmenescasos para ser evaluados con la escala antes señalada. Se aplicó estadística descriptiva, luego se estimó el grado de acuerdo entre observadores para cada ítem de la escala. Posteriormente, se evaluó el coeficiente de correlación (CCI), utilizando un modelo de dos factores mixtos en el que los efectos de los evaluadores son aleatorios y los ítems fijos; utilizando una definición de acuerdo absoluto. Además, se evaluó la consistencia interna de los ítems utilizando alfa de Cronbach, considerando intérvalos de confianza del 95% (IC 95%). Resultados: Luego de analizar las mediciones de los 9 ítems por los 12 observadores, se verificó que el CCI fue de 0,871; con un IC 95% de 0,700; 0,965. El valor de la consistencia interna fue de 0,7 considerando los 9 ítems, no se recomienda eliminar ningún ítem. Conclusión: La escala tiene buena confiabilidad interobservador y los ítems son consistentes entre sí; por lo que puede ser considerada como un instrumento confiable para la valoración de resúmenes de congresos.
Background: In 2013, we developed a scale to evaluate the abstracts of the congresses of the Society of Surgeons of Chile (SOCICH). Objective: To determine internal consistency and interobserver reliability of a scale to evaluate conference abstracts. Material and Methods: Reliability study. Twelve surgeons were trained virtually for 8 hours, to apply the scale. Once the training was finished, they were sent a questionnaire to evaluate the contents of the training, and several summaries-cases to be evaluated with the aforementioned scale. Descriptive statistics were applied, then the degree of agreement between observers was estimated for each item of the scale. Subsequently, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was evaluated, using a mixed two-factor model where the effects of the evaluators are random and the items are fixed, using a definition of absolute agreement. In addition, the internal consistency of the items was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha, considering 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Results: After analyzing the measurements of the 9 items by the 12 observers, it was verified that the ICC was 0.871; with a 95% CI of 0.700; 0.965. The internal consistency value was 0.7 considering the 9 items, it is not recommended to delete any item. Conclusions: The scale has good internal consistency and interobserver reliability. Therefore, it can be considered as reliable instrument to be used in the evaluation of abstracts for congresses.
Résumé
Introducción: Los trabajos científicos permiten divulgar, compartir y contrastar resultados a terceros. Una de las formas de ver la actividad investigativa de cada especialidad es a través de las presentaciones que realizan en reuniones científicas. Objetivo: Describir el número de presentaciones de las distintas especialidades o áreas quirúrgicas en Chile en el principal congreso realizado a nivel nacional y evaluar si el comportamiento fue distinto durante los años de pandemia por coronavirus. Material y Método: Estudio bibliométrico del Congreso Chileno de Cirugía entre los años 2010 y 2021 evaluando el número total de presentaciones por área quirúrgica, año de presentación y período categorizado en 2010 a 2019 y 2020 a 2021. Se realiza estadística descriptiva y análisis de asociación de medias de publicaciones por área y período. Resultados: Se identificaron 4.462 presentaciones, incluyendo resúmenes orales, póster, videos y jornada de residentes. La media total fue 371,8 trabajos anuales. Coloproctología y Cirugía Gastroesofágica aportaron un total de 616 (13,8%) y 598 (13,4%) respectivamente. La media de presentaciones anuales previo a la pandemia por coronavirus fue de 414, en contraste a los 160 trabajos anuales durante ella, existiendo una disminución significativa de medias de presentaciones por área de 27,6 (± 18,8) a 10,7 (± 8,69) (p < 0,001), sin diferencias sus porcentajes de participación respecto del total (p = 0,776). Conclusión: Coloproctología y Cirugía Gastroesofágica son las áreas quirúrgicas más representadas. Si bien en el período contemporáneo a la pandemia por coronavirus significó una disminución en las presentaciones, no se observó una modificación en el porcentaje de participación de algún área en particular.
Introduction: Scientific studies allow the disclosure, sharing and comparison of results with third parties. One of the ways to see the investigative activity of each medical specialty is through the presentations they make at scientific meetings. Aim: To describe the number of presentations of the different surgical specialties or areas in Chile in the main congress held at a national level and to assess whether the behavior was different during the years of the coronavirus pandemic. Material and Method: Bibliometric study of the Chilean Congress of Surgery between 2010 and 2021, evaluating the total number of presentations by surgical area, year of presentation and two categorized periods (2010 to 2019 and 2020 to 2021). Descriptive statistics and association analysis of publication means by area and period are performed. Results: 4,462 presentations were identified, including oral summaries, posters, videos, and residents' sessions, with a mean of 371.8 per year. Coloproctology and Gastroesophageal Surgery contributed a total of 616 (13.8%) and 598 (13.4%) respectively. The mean number of annual presentations prior to the coronavirus pandemic was 414, in contrast to the 160 annual works during it, with a significant decrease in the mean number of presentations per area from 27.6 (± 18.8) to 10.7 (± 8.69) (p < 0.001), without differences in their percentages of participation with respect to the total (p = 0.776). Conclusion: Coloproctology and Gastroesophageal Surgery are the most represented surgical areas. Although the contemporary period of the coronavirus pandemic meant a decrease in presentations, no change was observed in the percentage of participation in any particular area.
Résumé
PURPOSE: The aim of this systematic review was to find best teaching strategies for teaching evidence-based practice (EBP) to undergraduate health students that have been adopted over the last years in healthcare institutions worldwide. METHODS: The authors carried out a systematic, comprehensive bibliographic search using Medline database for the years 2005 to March 2015 (updated in March 2016). Search terms used were chosen from the USNLM Institutes of Health list of MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) and free text key terms were used as well. Selected articles were measured based on the inclusion criteria of this study and initially compared in terms of titles or abstracts. Finally, articles relevant to the subject of this review were retrieved in full text. Critical appraisal was done to determine the effects of strategy of teaching evidence-based medicine (EBM). RESULTS: Twenty articles were included in the review. The majority of the studies sampled medical students (n=13) and only few conducted among nursing (n=2), pharmacy (n=2), physiotherapy/therapy (n=1), dentistry (n=1), or mixed disciplines (n=1) students. Studies evaluated a variety of educational interventions of varying duration, frequency and format (lectures, tutorials, workshops, conferences, journal clubs, and online sessions), or combination of these to teach EBP. We categorized interventions into single interventions covering a workshop, conference, lecture, journal club, or e-learning and multifaceted interventions where a combination of strategies had been assessed. Seven studies reported an overall increase to all EBP domains indicating a higher EBP competence and two studies focused on the searching databases skill. CONCLUSION: Followings were deduced from above analysis: multifaceted approach may be best suited when teaching EBM to health students; the use of technology to promote EBP through mobile devices, simulation, and the web is on the rise; and the duration of the interventions varying form some hours to even months was not related to the students' EBP competence.