Résumé
Background@#The knowledge about the normal and abnormal vaginal microbiome has changed over the last years. The normal and the abnormal vaginal microbiota are complex ecosystems of more than 200 bacterial species influenced by genes, ethnic background and environmental and behavioral factors. Major changes in the vaginal physiology and microbiota over a woman’s lifetime are largely shaped by transitional periods such as puberty, menopause and pregnancy. Many studies have shown that bacterial vaginitis (BV) has an increased risk of preterm birth, miscarriage, premature rupture of membran, and postpartum uterine inflammation and sepsis. To assess different bacterial and epidemiological factors associations with increased vaginal pH in the women of reproductive age.@*Methods@#In the 1st Health center of Bayanzurkh district hospital, 100 non-pregnant women were randomly selected between 18-45 years of age. Women were submitted to an interview, vaginal examination and vaginal specimen collection for pH measurement and microscopy. Descriptive statistics are reported for the vaginal pH according to a specially designed survey card, the survey respondents assessed the status of the mother’s health.@*Results@#The non pregnant group studied herein were mostly young adults with ages in the age range 25-29 (32.0; 32%, mean±SD: 29.1±5.7) years. The vaginal pH mean in non-pregnant women was 4.5±0.5. Elevated vaginal pH was signicantly associated with bacterial vaginosis (p < 0.001), and bacterial vaginosis flora (p < 0.001). 162 of 200 women (81%) had an increased vaginal pH. 65,8% of participants in research were normal nugent score.@*Conclusion@#In non-pregnant women, the vaginal pH mean was 4.5 ± 0.5. Changes in vaginal pH are statistically significant with age, and clinical manifestations. /р<0.05/. The human vaginal ecosystem is a dynamic environment in which microbes can affect host physiology but also where host physiology can affect the composition and function of the vaginal microbiota.
Résumé
El parto pretérmino y sus complicaciones constituyen uno de los problemas más relevantes en el campo de la atención perinatológica. Se ha demostrado su estrecha relación con la infección intraútero, de manera que las alteraciones de la flora vaginal son la puerta de entrada. El objetivo de esta revisión es actualizar a la comunidad médica de esta disciplina en la necesidad de identificar la vaginosis bacteriana y la vaginitis aeróbica, tanto en el nivel primario de atención como en el secundario, lo cual permitirá realizar acciones preventivas y terapéuticas en la etapa preconcepcional, a fin de minimizar las infecciones intraútero y su relación con el nacimiento pretérmino, así como las complicaciones a corto y largo plazo. Se concluye que el diagnóstico de ambas afecciones necesita de un control preventivo y terapéutico para la reducción de las complicaciones perinatales.
Preterm birth and its complications are one of the most important problems in the field of perinatology care. Its close relationship with intrauterine infection has been demonstrated, so that changes of vaginal flora are the gateway. The purpose of this review is to update the medical community of this specialty on the need for identifying bacterial vaginosis and aerobic vaginitis, both at the primary and secondary care, allowing to perform preventive and therapeutic actions on the preconception stage, in order to minimize intrauterine infections and their relation to preterm birth and complications in the short and long term. It is concluded that the diagnosis of both conditions requires a preventive and therapeutic control for reducing perinatal complications.