Prevalence study on self-declared work accidents in areas covered by family health strategies: a cross-sectional study

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Occupational accidents are a complex phenomenon and a major public health problem. Occupational health surveillance actions are essential for prevention of injuries of this nature. OBJECTIVE: To ascertain the prevalence of and the variables associated with occupational accidents in the city of Itajubá (MG). DESIGN AND SETTING: A cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, based on a household survey with random sampling, was conducted in areas covered by the Family Health Strategy (FHS) in Itajubá (MG). METHODS: Questionnaires were applied to 292 people. The data were analyzed by means of logistic regression. RESULTS: The prevalence of occupational accidents was 8.6%. The underreporting rate was 60.0%. The scenario for these accidents, according to the model established through the regression analysis, was most likely to involve males who declared their skin color as white and who did not have a formal employment contract. CONCLUSION: This study makes a contribution towards unveiling the relationship between healthcare and work, and thus serve as support for the development of strategies to prevent underreporting. Lastly, the results provide the basis for future public health intervention actions and for future studies.

Análise descritiva dos acidentes graves de trabalho relacionado a pescadores artesanais do Brasil / Descriptive analysis of serious accidents at work related to artisan fishermen in Brazil

A pesca artesanal é uma atividade complexa e popular. Os acidentes de trabalho mais frequentes entre pescadores destacam-se: afogamento; ferimento com materiais perfuro cortantes, além de acidentes com animais terrestres e marinhos. OBJETIVO: Descrever o número de acidente grave relacionado ao trabalho de pescadores artesanais no País. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo de vigilância da amostra de acidente grave relacionado ao trabalho de pescadores artesanais. A análise foi realizada através do Sistema de Informação de Agravos e Notificações (SINAN), dentre o período de 2014 a 2016. As variáveis da pesquisa foram: dados sociodemográficos e características do acidente. RESULTADOS: Foram encontrados 216 casos no SINAN. O perfil das vítimas de acidente grave relacionado a pescadores eram trabalhadores do sexo masculino, média de idade foi de 42 anos, não brancos, baixo nível de escolaridade, naturais da Bahia, sem informações sobre tempo de trabalho, trabalhavam de maneira informal. Muitos acidentes ocorreram em vias públicas, no turno da tarde, quase todos os acidentes registrados tiveram atendimento médico, os acometimentos foram em: membro superior (35,3%); membros inferiores (14,8%); mais de um membro (12%). A maioria não realizou a comunicação de acidente no trabalho (41,6%). CONCLUSÃO: Foi observado um perfil de trabalhadores do sexo masculino, em sua maioria moradores de estados do Nordeste, que estudaram até o nível fundamental e sem registro profissional. Encontrou-se um grande número de subnotificação de informações principalmente com relação ao tempo de trabalho.

Artisanal fishing is a complex and popular activity. The most common occupational accidents among fishermen include: drowning; injury from sharps, as well as accidents with land and sea animals. OBJECTIVE: To describe the number of serious accidents related to the work of artisanal fishermen in the country. METHODS: This is a descriptive and surveillance study of the sample of serious accidents related to the work of artisanal fishermen. The analysis was performed through the Information System of Diseases and Notifications (SINAN), from 2014 to 2016. The research variables were: sociodemographic data and characteristics of the accident. RESULTS: 216 cases were found in SINAN. The profile of the fishermen-related serious accident victims was male workers, average age was 42, non-white, low-educated, native of Bahia, with no information on working time, working informally. Many accidents occurred on public roads, in the afternoon, almost all accidents registered had medical attention, the involvement was: upper limb (35.3%); lower limbs (14.8%); more than one member (12%). Most did not report accident at work (41.6%). CONCLUSION: It was observed a profile of male workers, mostly residents of northeastern states, who studied to the elementary level and without professional registration. A large number of underreporting of information was found mainly regarding working time.

Prevalencia de accidentes de trabajo en trabajadores recolectores de basura en Asunción, Paraguay. 2013-2014 / Prevalence of accident at work among garbage collectors in Asunción, Paraguay. 2013-2014

Los recolectores de basura, considerados trabajadores de alto riesgo, están expuestos a una variedad de riesgos profesionales y no profesionales. Las tasas de accidentes ocupacionales en este grupo no se conocen en Paraguay. El objetivo del estudio fue estimar y comparar la prevalencia de accidentes de trabajo en los recolectores de basura formales e informales de Asunción, Paraguay, para lo cual se llevó a cabo un estudio transversal. La prevalencia de accidentes de trabajo y su asociación con factores sociodemográficos, condiciones de empleo y trabajo fueron examinadas en 309 trabajadores (186 formales y 123 informales) mediante un cuestionario estructurado. Se utilizó estadística descriptiva, análisis bivariante (test de chi2) y regresión logística ajustada. Los trabajadores formales eran de más edad (57% más de 40 años), todos hombres y mejor educados (82% completo nivel básico) comparado al grupo informal (7% más de 40 años, 68% varones y 30% completo nivel básico). La prevalencia de accidentes de trabajo entre los formales fue de 37.5% vs. 29.5% comparando con los informales (p=0.1). Luego de ajustes con potenciales confusores no se encontró diferencias significativas entre ambos grupos (OR: 1.8; 95% CI= 0.82-3.88). Factores de riesgos significativos fueron el no uso de guantes (OR: 1.84; CI= 1.01-3.05) y peores condiciones de seguridad (OR: 2.44; CI=1.3-4.7). Los factores de riesgo conocidos (educación, condiciones de trabajo, las condiciones de salud, trabajo por turnos) están presentes en ambos grupos, pero no explican los accidentes. Son necesarias más investigaciones e intervenciones en salud ocupacional en esta actividad laboral.

Garbage collector is a high-risk job, with exposure to a variety of occupational and non-occupational factors. Total injury rates of occupational accidents in these workers are not known in Paraguay, the aim of the study was to estimate and to compare the prevalence of accidents at work in formal and informal garbage collectors of Asunción, Paraguay. Across-sectional study was conducted. The 12-months-prevalence of occupational accidents and its association with socio-demographic factors, employment and working conditions were examined using a structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis (chi square test) and adjusted logistic regression models were carried out. Formal workers were older (57% over 40 years old), all men and better educated (82% completed the first grade), compared to the informal group (7% over 40 years, 68% males and 30% completed the first grade). The 12-months-prevalence of occupational accidents among formal garbage collectors was 37.5% vs. 29.5% informal garbage collectors (p=0.1). Likewise, after adjustment for potential confounders no statistically significant difference between the two groups was found (Odds ratio 1.8; 95% CI= 0.82-3.88). Significant risk factors for 12-months prevalence of accidents were lack of gloves (1.84; CI= 1.01-3.05) and poor safetyconditions at the workplace (2.44; CI=1.3-4.7. Risk factors known are present in both groups (education, working condition, health condition, shift work) but not explain accidents. Therefore more researches and interventions on occupational health related on this activity are necessary.

Acidentes de trabalho e suas repercussões na saúde dos profissionais de enfermagem / Occupational accidents and their impact to the health of nursing professionals / Accidentes de trabajo y sus impactos en la salud de los profesionales de enfermería

As doenças e os acidentes relacionados ao trabalho têm aumentado significativamente entre profissionais deenfermagem. O objetivo deste artigo foi identificar os principais acidentes laborais que acometem a equipe deenfermagem e as repercussões da sua ocorrência na saúde desses trabalhadores. Estudo transversal, realizado com100 profissionais de enfermagem de um hospital do município de João Pessoa (PB). Os dados foram coletadosno período de outubro de 2012 a janeiro de 2013. Verificou-se que 53% dos participantes já sofreram algum tipode acidente de trabalho, com destaque para lesões com materiais perfurocortantes (60,7%). Os danos psicológicosforam revelados por 46,0% dos profissionais e 30,0% sinalizaram a aquisição de doenças como pior consequência.Concluiu-se que os acidentes laborais geram inúmeras consequências à saúde da equipe de enfermagem sendorecomendado redobrar vigilância e adoção de medidas de proteção individuais para prevenção dos acidentes esuas repercussões.

Diseases and work-related accidents have increased significantly among nursing professionals. The purpose of thisarticle is to identify the core labor accidents involving the nursing team and the repercussions of their occurrenceto the health of these workers. A cross-sectional study, conducted with 100 nursing professionals of a hospital in thecity of João Pessoa (PB). Data was collected from October 2012 to January. It was verified that 53% of respondentshad experienced some kind of occupational accident, with emphasis to injuries with sharp-edged materials (60.7%).Psychological damages were revealed by 46.0% of professionals and 30.0% signaled the acquisition of illnesses as theworse consequence. It was concluded that occupational accidents generate countless consequences to the health ofthe nursing team, with the recommendation to double monitoring and the adoption of individual protection for theprevention of accidents and its repercussions.

Enfermedades y accidentes laborales se han incrementado de manera significativa entre los profesionales deenfermería. El propósito de este artículo es identificar los accidentes laborales básicos que acometen el equipo deenfermería y las repercusiones de su ocurrencia en la salud de estos trabajadores. Se trata de un estudio transversal,realizado con 100 profesionales de enfermería de un hospital en la ciudad de João Pessoa (PB). Se recogieron datosde octubre 2012 a enero 2013. Se encontró que el 53% de los participantes ya habían sufrido algún tipo de accidenteen el trabajo, especialmente con lesiones corto-punzantes (60,7%). Los daños psicológicos fueron revelados por 46,0%de los profesionales y 30,0% señalaron la adquisición de enfermedades como la peor consecuencia. Se concluyó quelos accidentes laborales generan inúmeras consecuencias a la salud del equipo de enfermería siendo recomendadoredoblar vigilancia y adopción de medidas de protección individuales para prevención de los accidentes y susrepercusiones.