Résumé
Objective To investigate the molecular epidemiology of human immunodefieiency viruses (HIV)-1 infected individuals in Honghe district,Yunnan Province and provide the evidence of molecular biology features of HIV-1 infection.Methods HIV-1 pol gene was amplified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).Then sequencing and phylogenetic tree analysis were employed tO determine HIV-I subgenotype.The sequence alignment was performed in the database of international drug resistance tO identify resistance-associated mutations.Results The samples from 60 HIV-1 infected individuals were investigated:39 were male,21 were female,with average age 35.5 years old.Thirty-four cases were infected with HIV-I through intravenous drug abuse,12 by sexual contacts,2 were contaminated blood/blood products transfusion and 12 with unknown transmission routes.Phylogenetic analysis revealed that 53 cases (88.3%) were subtype 08-BC,6 (10.0%) were subtype 07-BC and 1 (1.7%) was subtype 01_AE.The total rate of drug resistance associated mutations was 33.3%.The major mutations in protease (PR) and reverse transcriptase (RT) regions accounted for 5.0% and 3 1.7%,respectively.The major mutations in PR region were I541M,V82VFIL,M46MI,which were found in 1 case,respectively.The mutations in RT region were as follows:4 cases were T69D,6 were A62V,1 was D67DE,1 was E44D,3 were V179D,1 was V179E.1 was K238KN,1 was L234T+P236S and 1 was V106E.Conclusions The major transmission route of HIV-I infection in Honghe district,Yunnan Province is through drug injection.The major HIV-1 subtype of HIV-infeeted individuals is 08_BC.PR inhibitor and RT inhibitor drug resistance associated mutations in HlV-1 gene have already existed.
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Objective To study the clinical characteristic of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients younger than 15 years old and to explore the influence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection on them. Methods The clinical information, including demographic profile, clinical stages of the disease, laboratory test results and developmental status were gathered from 275 antiretroviral therapy naive patients. Results Seventy eight point nine percent patients were infected by vertical transmission. Sixteen percent were infected by receiving blood products. The average age was (7.6±3. 7) years, with 5 cases younger than 1 year old, 104 cases ranging from 1 - 5 years and 166 cases elder than 6 years. Seventy point one percent patients were classified as stage 3 or 4 according to World Health Organization definitions. The average CD4 count was ( 137 ± 159 )/μL, ( 304 ± 317 ) /μL and ( 1 246 ± 776 )/μL respectively in children elder than 6 years, ranging from 1 to 5 years and younger than 1 year. One hundred and eighty one cases suffered from anemia on different severity grading. The most common HIV related symdromes included persistent fever, skin damage, persistent diarrhea, oral candidiasis and recurrent upper respiratory tract infection. Among these infected children, 49. 6% showed height lower than x - 2s and 19. 9% showed weight lower than x - 2s. Conclusions Most survival pediatric AIDS patients are elder than 6 years. HIV infection can significantly affect the children's immune system function,growth and development.
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Laboratory testing for HIV infection is the most basic diagnosis evidence for HIV infection and case with AIDS.However,HIV testing is not only professional issue but also quite psychologically different from other tests for infectious diseases.It requires that the HIV test need reach up nearly both 100% of the sensitivity and specificity.If false positivity occurs,it may cause personal,familial and social problems,even result in extremist behavior such as action of suicide.If false negativity occur,it may lead not to receive medical intervention prompdy and to increase infection for society due to blood and sexual transmission modes.As of December 2007,there were 6 918 HIV screening labs and 202 HIV confirmatory labs,which has been approved in China.Therefore,the purpose of"the regulation on national management of HIV laboratory testing"(Management)is to require the management of HIV laboratory testing work legally and to ensure the testing as a technical protection measure for priority prevention and control of AIDS in the country.This paper presents the development and formulation of the Management,and also describes people's concern and understand some key points to carry out the Management in hospital laboratory departments currently.
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Objective To investigate the association between APOBEC3G mRNA levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)of HIV/AIDS patients and disease progression in Henan province.Methods Real-time PCR was used to detect the mRNA levels of APOBEC3G in PBMCs of HIV/AIDS patients at difierent disease progression stage.Flow cytometry and automated viral load analyzer were used to count CD4+ T cells and plasma HIV viral loads.Results The mRNA levels of APOBEC3G in HIV/AIDS patients were lower than in HIV-negative controls(t=4.887,P＜0.01),and APOBEC3G levels were significantly higher in slow development group than those in HIV and AIDS groups(P＜0.05).The levels of APOBEC3G mRNA correlated positively with CD4+ T cell counts(R2=0.190,P=0.002)and negatively with HIV-1 viral loads(R2=0.094.P=0.038).Conclusions The APOBEC3G mRNA levels in PBMC of HIV infected individuals are associated with HIV disease pmgression. Higher mRNA expression levels of APOBEC3G may be one of the protective factors which can play important role in delaying disease progression.