RÉSUMÉ
Resumo Objetivo Avaliar a influência do álcool na adesão à terapia antirretroviral e qualidade de vida de pessoas com HIV. Métodos Estudo transversal investigou 114 pessoas com HIV utilizando o Teste de Identificação de Problemas Relacionados ao Uso do Álcool (AUDIT), Questionário Para Avaliação da Adesão ao Tratamento Antirretroviral (CEAT-VIH) e Instrumento World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument - HIV Bref (WHOQOL-HIV Bref). Resultados Observou-se adesão adequada à terapia (63,2%) e consumo de baixo risco de álcool (89,4%). Houve associação significativa entre o uso nocivo do álcool e o histórico prévio de uso dessa substância (p=0,03). Os domínios Físico (p=0,01) e de Relações Sociais (p=0,01) da qualidade de vida foram afetados pelo consumo de risco do álcool. Conclusão O baixo uso do álcool não trouxe repercussões negativas sobre a adesão à terapia antirretroviral, porém, o uso nocivo do álcool alterou domínios da qualidade de vida.
Abstract Objective To evaluate the influence of alcohol on adherence to antiretroviral therapy, and quality of life, of HIV-infected individuals. Methods A cross-sectional study investigated 114 people with HIV using the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT), a Questionnaire to Assess the Compliance to Antiretroviral Treatment (CEAT-VIH), and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument - HIV Bref (WHOQOL-HIV Bref). Results Adequate adherence to therapy (63.2%) and low alcohol consumption (89.4%) were observed. There was a significant association between the harmful use of alcohol and the past history of use of this substance (p=0.03). The Physical (p=0.01) and Social Relations (p=0.01) domains of quality of life were affected by at-risk alcohol consumption. Conclusion Low alcohol use did not have negative repercussions on adherence to antiretroviral therapy; however, the harmful use of alcohol altered domains of quality of life.
RÉSUMÉ
Se realizó una investigación de tipo observacional descriptiva con los pacientes alcohólicos que ingresaron al Grupo de Ayuda Mutua con el objetivo de caracterizar algunas variablessocio-psicológicas en el periodo comprendido de diciembre del 2004 a julio del 2008, en el Policlínico Sur de Morón. El universo estuvo comprendido por 63 pacientes que representan el total de integrantes del grupo de alcoholismo en el periodo antes mencionado, a los cuales se les aplicó una encuesta. Entre los resultados obtenidos se encuentran que predominaron los pacientes sin ocupación actual y el mayor porciento integró el Grupo de Ayuda Mutua por tener problemas familiares por el consumo de alcohol, encontrándose en el momento de integrarse ansiosos, deprimidos y con trastornos del sueño. Las mayores repercusiones se encuentran en la esfera familiar y general, entre ellos el divorcio y las llegadas tarde y ausencias al trabajo. No obstante la mayoría de los que integraron el grupo no aceptaban ser alcohólicos, teniendo un bajo nivel de conocimiento sobre la enfermedad.
An observational descriptive investigation of the alcoholic patients who entered the group of mutual help was carried out with the aim of characterizing some socio-psychological variables in the period from December 2004 to July 2008, in the South Polyclinic, Morón. The universe of study was composed of 63 patients who represented the total of members of the alcoholic group in the period previously mentioned, to which a survey was applied. Between the results obtained, it was checked that patients without a current occupation predominated and the greatest percent integrated the Group of Mutual help because of having familiar problems due to the alcohol consumption; they felt restless, depressed and suffered from sleep disorders when integrating the group. The main repercussions were in the familiar and general sphere, among them, divorce, absences and late arrivals at work. However, the majority of those who integrated the group did not accept to be alcoholic, having a low level of knowledge on the disease.