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1.
Rev. chil. nutr ; 48(2)abr. 2021.
Article Dans Espagnol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1388488

Résumé

RESUMEN El agar se emplea en la industria alimenticia por su característica de estabilización y gelificación y el níspero es una fruta de sabor agradable, de fácil consumo y además tiene excelentes propiedades nutricionales. En este estudio se evaluó el efecto gelificante del agar extraído de Gracilaria debilis en la elaboración de una compota de níspero (Manilkara zapota). A las algas recolectadas se les extrajo agar mediante tratamiento alcalino con NaOH 0,04 M. Para la obtención de la compota se elaboraron tres fórmulas base, seleccionándose la que contenía 0,05% de ácido cítrico, 56,4% de agua, 6,0% de azúcar y 37,6% de puré de níspero; sirviendo de base para tres muestras (M1, M2, y M3) al 0,4%; 0,6% y 0,8% p/p de agar, respectivamente. El análisis sensorial indicó que la compota M2 fue la más aceptable, con valores de cenizas= 0,85±0,08%; cloruros= 0,085±0,014%; 18,0±0,4; y °Brix grasa= 0,50±0,01 g/100g; humedad= 64,0±3,0%; pH= 4,32±0,03; proteínas= 0,42±0,01 g/100g y sólidos totales= 35,9±3,0%. La viscosidad (-554±10 g·s) estuvo cercana al valor de una compota comercial (-430±4 g·s). M2 demostró estabilidad durante un mes ante aerobios mesófilos, con valores menores de 10 UFC/mL. Las concentraciones de agar influyeron únicamente en la viscosidad, ajustándose a una ecuación lineal con R²= 0,986. En alimentos que requieren en su preparación ser sometidos a altas temperaturas, como es el caso de las compotas, el agar presenta propiedades y comportamiento adecuado como gelificante.


ABSTRACT Agar is a used in the food industry for its stabilization and gelation characteristics and the medlar is a fruit with a pleasant taste, easy to consume where it provides excellent nutritional properties. In this study the effect of gelling extracted Gracilaria debilis agar was evaluated in the formulating a sapodilla (Manilkara zapota) compote. Agar was extracted from the collected algae by alkaline treatment with 0.04 M NaOH. To obtain compote, three base formulas were prepared, selected which containing 0.05% citric acid, 56.4% water, 6.0% sugar and 37.6% sapodilla puree; providing the basis for three samples (M1, M2 and M3) at the following concentrations: 0.4%; 0.6% and 0.8% w/w of agar, respectively. Sensory analysis indicated that the compote M2 had the most acceptable values, with ash content= 0.85±0.08%; chloride= 0.085±0.014%; 18.0±0,4 °Brix; fat= 0.50±0.01 g/100 g; humidity= 64.0±3.0%; pH= 4.32±0.03; protein= 0,42±0.01 g/100 g and total solids= 35.9±3.0%. The viscosity (-554±10 g·s) was close to the value of a commercial compote (-430±4 g·s). M2 showed stability for one month, against the aerobic mesophilic bacteria, with values less than 10 CFU/mL. It was observed that agar concentrations had influenced only in the viscosity by adjusting to a linear equation with R2= 0.986. In foods that require high temperatures in their preparation, such as compotes, agar has properties as well as the adequate behavior as a gelling agent.

2.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 66(2): 529-538, Jan.-Apr. 2014. graf, tab
Article Dans Anglais | LILACS | ID: lil-709294

Résumé

The aim of this study was to identify the most adequate level of calcium oxide (CaO) in the treatment of sugar cane by evaluating the chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of dry matter. The sugar cane was homogenized with CaO levels 0, 0.75, 1.5, 2.25, 3.0, 3.75 and 4.5 percent, in natura matter, for 24 hours. The dry matter and mineral matter increased, while the organic matter of the sugar cane decreased (P <0.05) linearly as a result of the CaO levels. The CaO had no effect on the levels of crude protein and ether extract. The phosphorus concentration remained unchanged, but there was a significant increase (P<0.05) in the calcium content. The contents of neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber and cellulose decreased linearly with the levels of CaO. The average levels of indigestible dry matter and indigestible neutral detergent fiber significantly decreased with increasing levels of CaO. The results showed that the in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) was different between fresh sugar cane and sugar cane with added levels of CaO from 1.5 percent. The IVDMD and nutritional value of the sugar cane was improved by adding 1.5 percent CaO based on fresh content...


O objetivo foi identificar o nível mais adequado de óxido de cálcio (CaO) no tratamento da cana-de-açúcar por meio da avaliação da composição química e a digestibilidade in vitro da matéria seca. A cana-de-açúcar foi homogeneizada adicionando os níveis de CaO 0; 0,75; 1,5; 2,25; 3,0; 3,75 e 4,5 por cento em porcentagem de matéria natural, por 24 horas. Os teores de matéria seca e matéria mineral aumentaram, ao passo que o teor de matéria orgânica da cana-de-açúcar diminuiu (P<0,05) de forma linear em função dos níveis de CaO. Não houve efeito dos níveis do CaO sobre o teor de proteína bruta e extrato etéreo. Os teores médios de fósforo mantiveram-se inalterados, porém ocorreu um aumento (P<0,05) no teor de cálcio. Os teores de fibra em detergente neutro, fibra em detergente ácido e celulose diminuíram linearmente em função dos níveis de CaO. Os teores médios da matéria seca indigestível e da fibra em detergente neutro indigestível tiveram redução significativa com o aumento dos níveis de CaO. Os resultados da digestibilidade in vitro da matéria seca (DIVDM) mostraram-se diferentes entre cana-de-açúcar in natura e a com níveis de CaO. Níveis de CaO a partir de 1,5 por cento melhoram o valor nutritivo e a DIVDM da cana-de-açúcar...


Sujets)
Oxyde de Calcium , Saccharum , Saccharum/composition chimique , Bovins , Digestion , Matière Organique
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