The Agreement between State-Trait-Anxiety-Inventory (STAI) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) on Measuring Anxiety Level Among Adult Patients Before Venepuncture Procedure

@#Introduction: Venepuncture procedure is painful and anxiety associated with venepuncture is common. There are many tools for assessing anxiety levels in an outpatient setting. Hence, this study is to compare the degree of agreement between State-Trait-Anxiety-Inventory (STAI) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) for measuring anxiety levels among adult patients before venepuncture procedure. Methods: A cross-sectional pilot study was conducted among patients while waiting for a venepuncture procedure in the Phlebotomy Unit, UiTMMC in April 2020. The Malay-validated version of the State-Trait-Anxiety-Inventory (STAI) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) were used to assess the anxiety level. Differences between sets of data were plotted as described by Bland-Altman to determine the agreement between these two assessment tools. Results: A total of 330 patients participated in the study with a mean age of 46.34 ± 14.34 years old and gender was equally distributed. The scores of state-anxiety (STAI-S), trait-anxiety (STAI-T) and BAI score were 30.04 ± 20.74; 29.51 ± 19.11; and 40.98 ± 20.45, respectively. The score of anxiety using BAI was higher compared to STAI-S (p<0.001) and STAI-T (p<0.001). The mean difference between the STAI-S and BAI was -10.94 (95%CI: -53.01, 26.87) and between the STAI-T and BAI was -11.47 (95%CI: -42.26, 19.32). However, very few patients’ scores outside the 95% LOA for both differences. Conclusion: The STAI and BAI are concordances in measuring anxiety levels among these patients. However, the anxiety score using BAI was higher than STAI. Thus, both assessment tools can be used in clinical practice in measuring anxiety in the out-patients setting.

Niveles de ansiedad y su relación con los trastornos temporomandibulares / Anxiety levels and their relationship to temporomandibular disorders

El diagnóstico de los trastornos temporomandibulares es un tema muy controvertido dentro del campo de la salud, desde una perspectiva psicológica son muy escasas las referencias en este sentido, sobretodo las enfocadas a analizar los niveles de ansiedad en estos pacientes. En los últimos años se han realizado diferentes investigaciones que validan la inclusión de factores psicológicos como parte de la etiología del diagnóstico, dentro de los factorespsíquicos más asociados se presentan la ansiedad como rasgo y la ansiedad como estado. El propósito de este trabajo es presentar una revisión sobre la relación existente entre los niveles de ansiedad y los trastornos temporomandibulares.

The diagnosis of temporomandibulardisorders is very controversial within the fieldof health issue, from a psychological perspectiveare very few references in this regard,especially focused on analyzing anxiety levelsin these patients. In recent years there have beenvarious studies that validate the inclusionof psychological factors as part of the etiology,diagnosis, within the psychological factorsmost associated trait anxiety and state anxietyas presented. The purpose of this paper is topresent a review of the relationship betweenanxiety levels and temporomandibular disorders.

Linking an Anxiety-Related Personality Trait to Cardiac Autonomic Regulation in Well-Defined Healthy Adults: Harm Avoidance and Resting Heart Rate Variability

OBJECTIVE: Anxiety trait, anxiety and depression states have all been reported to increase risks for cardiovascular disease (CVD), possibly through altering cardiac autonomic regulation. Our aim was to investigate whether the relationship between harm avoidance (HA, an anxiety-related personality trait) and cardiac autonomic regulation is independent of anxiety and depression states in healthy adults. METHODS: We recruited 535 physically and mentally healthy volunteers. Participants completed the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Tri-dimensional Personality Questionnaire. Participants were divided into high or low HA groups as discriminated by the quartile value. Cardiac autonomic function was evaluated by measuring heart rate variability (HRV). We obtained the time and frequency-domain indices of HRV including variance (total HRV), the low-frequency power (LF; 0.05-0.15 Hz), which may reflect baroreflex function, the high-frequency power (HF; 0.15-0.40 Hz), which reflects cardiac parasympathetic activity, as well as the LF/HF ratio. RESULTS: The BDI and HA scores showed associations with HRV parameters. After adjustment for the BDI scores and other control variables, HA is still associated with reduced variance, LF and HF power. Compared with the participants with low HA, those with high HA displayed significant reductions in variance, LF and HF power and a significant increase in their LF/HF ratio. CONCLUSION: This study highlights the independent role of HA in contributing to decreased autonomic cardiac regulation in healthy adults and provides a potential underlying mechanism for anxiety trait to confer increased risk for CVD.

Factores sociodemográficos y hospitalarios relacionados con el nivel de ansiedad en familiares con pacientes pediátricos / Social, demographic, and hospital factors related to anxiety levels among relatives of pediatric patients / Fatores sociodemográficos e hospitalares relacionados com o nível de ansiedade em familiares com pacientes pediátricos

Introducción: La asistencia al niño hospitalizado y su familia es uno de los ámbitos que hoy requiere un esfuerzo por investigar. Conocer los factores relacionados con la ansiedad que viven los familiares en la UCIP, abre caminos para desarrollar modelos de intervención y Planes de Cuidados de Enfermería dirigidos a favorecer el afrontamiento y mejorar el bienestar familiar intrahospitalario. Objetivo: Determinar la relación de los factores sociodemográficos y hospitalarios con el nivel de ansiedad que presentan los familiares con pacientes hospitalizados en la unidad de cuidados intensivos pediátricos (UCIP). Metodología: Estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo y transversal. Se utilizó un instrumento de elaboración propia para la identificación de factores sociodemográficos y hospitalarios; y la escala de Inventario de Ansiedad Estado-Rasgo de Spielberger (IDARE) para la medición del nivel de ansiedad. Resultados: 34 familiares que participaron -11.8% (4) hombres; y 88.2% (30) mujeres- la edad promedio fue de 29 años, las puntuaciones de ansiedad estado y ansiedad rasgo indican que al no conocer algún albergue se presenta una diferencia significativa en el nivel de ansiedad estado de los familiares (X

Introduction: Aid to hospitalized children and their relatives is an issue which requires further research. Knowing the factors related to the anxiety that these children's relatives experience in the PIUC can broaden the scope to develop intervention models and Nursing Care Plans to address these issues and improve the intra-hospital family wellbeing. Objective: To determine the relationship between the social, demographic, and hospital factors with the levels of anxiety experienced by the relatives of hospitalized patients in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU). Methodology: Quantitative, descriptive, and transversal study. An own-designed instrument to identify social, demographic, and hospital factors, and the Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) to estimate the levels of anxiety were used. Results: Thirty four relatives participated, 11.8% (4) were male and 88.2% (30) female. The average age was 29 years old. The anxiety state and trait scores suggest that, when information on shelters in not available, there are significant differences in the state of anxiety (X

Introduçãoa: assistência da criança hospitalizada e da sua família, é um dos âmbitos que na atualidade requer um esforço para pesquisar. Conhecer os fatores relacionados com a ansiedade que experimentam os familiares na UCIP, abre caminhos para desenvolver modelos de intervenção e Planos de Cuidados de Enfermagem dirigidos a favorecer o enfrentamento e melhorar o bem-estar familiar intra-hospitalar. Objetivo: Determinar a relação dos fatores sociodemográficos e hospitalares com o nível de ansiedade que apresentam os familiares com pacientes hospitalizados na Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos (UCIP). Metodologia: Estudo Quantitativo, descritivo e transversal. Utilizou-se um instrumento de elaboração própria para a identificação de fatores sociodemográficos e hospitalares; e a escala de Inventário de Ansiedade Estado-Traço de Spielberger (IDARE) para a medição do nível de ansiedade. Resultados: 34 familiares participaram, 11.8% (4) homens e 88.2% (30) mulheres, a média da idade foi de 29 anos, as pontuações de ansiedade estado e ansiedade traço, indicam que quando conhecer algum abrigo se apresenta uma diferença significativa no nível de ansiedade estado dos familiares (X

Text anxiety: State,trait and relationship with exam satisfaction

Test anxiety is defined as the reaction to stimuli that is associated with an individual’s experience of testing or evaluating situations. This study aims to examine the fluctuation pattern of anxiety symptoms during a clinical examination and its relationship with underlying anxiety traits. Fourth year medical students of Penang Medical College undertaking the Ophthalmology clinical examination participated in this study. First phase of the survey, on anxiety symptoms was conducted immediately after the Ophthalmology clinical examination while the second phase, on pre-existing anxiety traits was conducted six weeks later with the aid of STAI instrument. Responses for both stages were combined and analyzed. Sixty-three of 122 students responded to both phases of the study, giving a response rate of 52%. All symptoms except trembling peaked 10 minutes before the exam begun showing a downward progression with no resurgence thereafter. Students with pre-existing anxiety traits had high anxiety scores 10 minutes into the examination and while with the examiners. Anticipatory anxiety is a source of concern and can effect performance and appropriate steps should be taken to help the students with this. A few other studies should be done to conclude.

Personality Orientation, Anxiety Trait and General Self-efficacy of Anxiety Disorders / 中国临床心理学杂志

Objective: To explore the relationships of personality characteristics, Anxiety trait, and general self-efficacy with anxiety disorders. Methods: By case-matched study, 144 patients with anxiety disorders and 144 normal controls were administered the Emotional Problems Factor of Chinese Personality Assessment Inventory II (CPAI2-E), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and General Self-efficacy Scale. Results: ①The scores of patients with anxiety disorders were higher than those of the normal controls in CPAI2-E (P

Validación del Inventario de Ansiedad Estado - Rasgo (STAIC) en niños escolarizados entre los 8 y 15 años / Validation of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAIC) in school children between the ages of 8 and 15

The purpose of this investigation was to standarize State - Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAIC) in children and adolescents between the ages of 8 and 15. The standarization of the STAIC questionnaire is the result of the evaluation of 670 children of both genders, in 35 public and private educational institutions in the city of Medellín, Colombia. The data base had an analysis through the program SPSS version 10.0. The analysis consisted in evaluating the structural properties of the test through the construct validity found in the factorial analysis with varimax rotation by the principal components method and the reliability by the Cronbach alpha with the intraclass correlation coefficient. The analysis of the above conditions brought up a result of six factors in its factorial analysis. A Cronbach alpha of 0.70 was established.

Esta investigación tuvo como propósito estandarizar el Inventario de Ansiedad Estado - Rasgo (STAIC) en niños y adolescentes entre 8 y 15 años de edad. La estandarización del cuestionario STAIC, es el resultado de la evaluación de 670 niños de ambos géneros, en 35 instituciones educativas públicas y privadas de la ciudad de Medellín, Colombia, La base de datos tuvo un análisis a través del programa SPSS versión 10.0. El análisis consistió en evaluar las propiedades estructurales de la prueba a través de la validez de constructo hallada bajo el análisis factorial con rotación varimax por el método de componentes principales y la confiabilidad por alpha de Cronbach con coeficiente de correlación intraclase. El análisis de dichas condiciones arrojó como resultado seis factores en su análisis factorial. Se estableció un alpha de Cronbach de 0.70.