Résumé
La tuberculosis (TB) es una enfermedad infecciosa, reemergente, ligada a condiciones de pobreza, curable, de presentación clínica variable y con formas graves de enfermedad prevenibles con la vacuna del BCG. Objetivo: Determinar las características de la enfermedad tuberculosa y su asociación con la presencia de la cicatriz de la vacuna (BCG) en los niños que asistieron a la unidad de Tisiología del Ambulatorio docente del HUC. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de tipo descriptivo, observacional, de corte transversal mediante revisión de las históricas clínicas de todos los niños con el diagnóstico de enfermedad tuberculosa en cualquiera de sus formas clínicas que acudieron al Ambulatorio Docente del HUC durante los años 2014 al 2018, verificando la presencia de la cicatriz de la BCG y su correlación con las formas de la enfermedad. Resultados: Se incluyeron 68 pacientes que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. El 57 % fue del sexo femenino, el grupo preescolar fue el más frecuente (41 %). La forma clínica predominante fue la pulmonar (63 %), seguida por ganglionar (10 %), meníngea y pleural (5,8 %), la TB miliar (2,9 %). 52 pacientes (76 %) presentaron cicatriz de BCG, siendo en este grupo la forma de presentación clínica más frecuente TB pulmonar (69 %). De los pacientes con ausencia de la cicatriz, el 43,6 % presentó formas graves y extrapulmonares. Conclusiones: La ausencia de cicatriz de BCG, se relacionó con mayoría de formas graves de TB, destacándose la importancia de realizar la vacunación con BCG para la prevención de la enfermedad o de sus formas graves.
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease, reemerging, linked to conditions of poverty, curable, with variable clinical presentation and with serious forms of disease, preventable through the BCG vaccine. Objective: To determine the characteristics of tuberculosis disease and its association with the presence of the BCG scar in children who attended the consultation of the Tisiology unit of the Teaching Outpatient HUC, in the period January 2014 to December 2018. Methods: A descriptive, observational, cross-sectional study was carried out by reviewing the clinical histories of all children with a diagnosis of tuberculosis disease in any of its clinical forms who attended the HUC Teaching Outpatient Clinic during the period of study, verifying the presence of the BCG scar and its correlation with the different forms of the disease. Results: 68 patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included. 57 % were female, the most frequent age group was preschool (41 %). The predominant clinical form was pulmonary (63 %), followed by lymph node (10 %), meningeal and pleural (5.8 %), miliary TB (2.9 %). 52 patients (76 %) presented BCG scar, being the most frequent clinical presentation of pulmonary TB (69 %) in this group. Of the patients with absence of the scar, 43.6 % presented severe and extrapulmonary forms. Conclusions: The absence of BCG scar was related to the majority of severe forms of TB, highlighting the importance of BCG vaccination for the prevention of the disease or its serious forms.
Résumé
Leprosy in children is a valuable marker of impact of programme. This study has been carried out to analyse the clinical and histopathological characteristics of pediatric leprosy cases attending a tertiary health care centre in South Kerala bordering Tamil Nadu. This is a retrospective, analytical study of pediatric leprosy cases seen from 01 January 2007 to 31 December 2016 in the Dermatology out-patient department of Dr. Somervell Memorial CSI Medical College, Karakonam, Trivandrum, Kerala. Seven of the 52 leprosy cases in this hospital during this study period children (age group of 6 to 14), of which 6 were females. Two cases among these were borderline lepromatous and the rest were indeterminate leprosy. Three patients had contact with lepromatous leprosy (familial). Histopathology correlated well with our clinical diagnosis. Grade 2 deformity was seen in one child, who had taken incomplete treatment earlier. While the number of cases reporting to this centre may or may not reflect true epidemiological picture at population level, data may be used to plan proper research cum intervention studies. The prevalence of childhood leprosy can be reduced if we are vigilant and improve the surveillance of contacts, as 43% of cases in this study had a contact of leprosy in the family.
Résumé
Objective To know the vaccination status of BCG in Gaoxin district of Chongqing and explore the associated impact factors on seroconversion rate .Methods PPD was used to test the seroconversion status after PDG vaccination in infants under 3 months .Results There was no significant differences of seroconversion rate between different sex ,birth weight and vaccination age (P>0 .05) .But the rate was significantly higher in infants with normal birth weight than that in fetal macrosomia which was signif-icantly higher than that in low-birth weight .The rate was significantly decreased in infants of 1-2 months ,2-3 months and 0-1 months in order .The rate of infant with vaccination scar was significantly higher than that without scar (χ2 =80 .057 ,P<0 .01) . Conclusion There was no significant differences of seroconversion rate between different sex ,birth weight and vaccination age ,and the scar can indirectly show the seroconversion condition of vaccination .
Résumé
Objective: To study the BCG vaccination scars among the under 5 year old internally displaced children in Vavuniya district. Study design: Cross sectional descriptive study Setting: Temporary settlement camps in Vavuniya district Method: All children between 6 to 60 months attending paediatric clinics held in the temporary settlement camps from 1st April to 15th May 2009 were included in the study. The interviewer administered questionnaire and examination of the child for the BCG scar were used to collect data. Results: One thousand and six children attending the clinics during the study period were analyzed. Nine hundred and seventy five children received BCG vaccination whilst vaccination data for 31 patients was not available. One hundred and fifty three children did not have a visible scar. Conclusion: Fifteen percent of under 5 year old internally displaced children in Vavuniya district did not have BCG scars.
Résumé
Objective To study the BCG vaccination scars of under 5 year old children who were admitted to a tertiary care hospital Design Cross sectional descriptive study Setting Ward 3, Lady Ridgeway Hospital for Children (LRH) Method All children between 6 and 60 months of age, admitted to ward 3 LRH from October 15th to December 30th 2006, were included in the study. The interviewer-administered questionnaire and examination of the child for BCG scar were the methods used to collect the data. Results: Of 1010 patients admitted to ward 3 LRH during the study period, 923 were analysed. BCG vaccine had been given to all patients. Whilst 821 (89%) patients had the BCG scar, 102 (11%) did not have it. Among patients with the BCG scar, 20% had received BCG vaccine in non tertiary care hospitals, whereas in patients with absent BCG scar, this figure was 35% (p=0.003; p < 0.05). In the Child Health Development Record (CHDR), the BCG scar column had been marked in only 554 (64%). Among 102 patients with absent BCG scar, revaccination was not indicated in 20 (21%) because the BCG scar had been marked as positive in the CHDR. However, 96 had not been revaccinated. Common reasons for non revaccination were: unawareness of mothers regarding absent BCG scar (38.5%) and postponement of revaccination (24%). Conclusion There was a significant number of patients with absent BCG scars indicating need for larger scale studies.
Résumé
Presentamos el caso de un niño de 12 meses de edad referido al Hospital Nacional de Niños con diagnóstico presuntivo de exantema súbito, meningitis aséptica y choque incipiente. El paciente se ingresa, tras múltiples consultas a un hospital periférico, al día 14 de fiebre como síntoma más importante. A su ingreso se documentó meningitis aséptica, induración y enrojecimiento en el sitio de aplicación de la vacuna de la BCG, aparte de los criterios clásicos para Síndrome de Kawasaki. El ecocardiograma inicial mostró dilatación coronaria. El Síndrome de Kawasaki debe formar parte del diagnóstico diferencial del infante y niño con enfermedad eruptiva febril, y debe tenerse un alto índice de sospecha clínica de esta entidad