Comparing the Self-Report and Measured Smartphone Usage of College Students: A Pilot Study

OBJECTIVE: Nowadays smartphone overuse has become a social and medical concern. For the diagnosis and treatment, clinicians use the self-report information, but the report data often does not match actual usage pattern. The paper examines the similarity and variance in smartphone usage patterns between the measured data and self-reported data. METHODS: Together with the self-reported data, the real usage log data is collected from 35 college students in a metropolitan region of Northeast Asia, using Android smartphone monitoring application developed by the authors. RESULTS: The unconscious users underestimate their usage time by 40%, in spite of 15% more use in the actual usage. Messengers are most-used application regardless of their self-report, and significant preference to SNS applications was observed in addict group. The actual hourly pattern is consistent with the reported one. College students use more in the afternoon, when they have more free time and cannot use PCs. No significant difference in hourly pattern is observed between the measured and self-report. CONCLUSION: The result shows there are significant cognitive bias in actual usage patterns exists in self report of smartphone addictions. Clinicians are recommended to utilize measurement tools in diagnosis and treatment of smartphone overusing subjects.

Effect of Cyclosporin A in a Rat Spinal Cord Injury Model

The effect and mechanism of drugs for the recovery of motor function after acute spinal cord injury has not yet been fully elucidated. This study was aimed to examine the effect of cyclosporin(CsA) on the recovery of motor function and its accompanying histopathological changes in the spinal cord injury model. A certain range of spinal cord injury was made with NYU weight-drop impactor. Injured rats were divided into 3 groups; control(castor oil) group(group A), two CsA treated groups(40mg/kg, i.p.) at 10min(group B) or 4hour(group C) after cord injury. Locomon test was done using BBB(Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan) locomotion rating scale. After the locomotion test which has been done for 14 days after cord injury, group B,C showed improved motor function compared to group A. Especally, remarkable motor function recovery was noted in group C. Immunohistochemical stain was made to examine histological change after cord injury. Spinal cord injury produced by NYU impactor was quite reproducible in parameters of the magnitude of trauma, the extent of tissue damage, and neural dysfunction measured in this study. In the immunohistochemical study, moreover, increased number of neurofilament and decreased number of macrophage were found in the group of CsA treated 4 hours after cord injury. These results indicate that CsA improves motor function after cord injury, and suggest that some actions of CsA on calcineurin, expression of surface markers or macrophage may contribute to these effects.

Novel animal behavior monitoring system and its application to animal model for post-traumatic stress disorder / 医疗卫生装备

This paper introduces a novel animal behavior monitoring system, in which a acoustooptic shielded room, computer multimedia technology, image acquisition technology, signal analysis technology are involved. This system can implement long-term non-interference automatic monitoring of the experimental animal with features of accurate recording, complete and objective analysis, and convenient and effective statistics. Applied widely to the animal model for post -traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), the system is designed to be used for other biomedical studies.