Yield， Quality， and Soil Microecology of Panax ginseng Under Different Forests / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo explore the forest type and soil environment suitable for Panax ginseng. MethodThe yield， quality， soil chemical properties， soil enzyme activity， and soil microbial metabolism of 9-year-old P. ginseng under different forests were investigated. ResultThe quality of P. ginseng was significantly different among forest types. To be specific， P. ginseng under the Quercus mongolica forest had the highest quality， with the total saponin content of 2.27% which was 51.89% higher than that in P. ginseng under Larix gmelinii forest. The yield of P. ginseng under Q. mongolica forest and L. gmelinii forest （30 g·m-2） was the highest， 62.5% higher than that under Betula platyphylla forest. The soil content of organic matter， Cu， and Zn， and activity of sucrase and urease under Q. mongolica forest were lower than those under other forest types. The utilization rate of D-galacturonic acid by soil microorganisms under Q. mongolica forest was higher than that under other forest types， but the utilization rate of L-phenylalanine was lower than that under other forest types. The utilization rate of 2-hydroxybenzoic acid by soil microorganisms of B. platyphylla forest was significantly lower than that under other forest types. There was a negative correlation between soil Zn and ginsenoside Rb1 and Rc， and between soil K and ginsenoside Rb2 and Rb3. Mn and Cu were positively correlated with most saponins. The results of redundancy analysis showed that the soil microorganisms using carbon sources of amino acids， esters， acids， and sugars were the main factors causing the differences in P. ginseng among different forest types. ConclusionThe yield and quality of P. ginseng under Q. mongolica forest were the best， followed by the forest with different tree species， and coming in last was the B. platyphylla forest. This study is expected to provide theoretical support for the improvement of P. ginseng yield and quality and the improvement of ecological planting technology.

Effects of Exogenous Fusarium oxysporum and Trichoderma viride on Soil Fungal Community of Panax ginseng / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of exogenous Fusarium oxysporum and Trichoderma viride on the diversity of soil fungal community and carbon metabolic function of cultivated Panax ginseng. MethodIllumina HiSeq 2500 high-throughput sequencing combined with Biolog-ECO was used to analyze the species diversity and functional diversity of soil fungal communities in P. ginseng soil under different exogenous treatments. ResultThe results of high-throughput sequencing showed that the number and species of microorganisms in the soil were significantly changed after exogenous microorganisms were added. The soil fungi with relative abundance greater than 1% included Mortierella sp.，Fusarium sp.，Humicola sp.，and Simplicillium sp. Mortierella sp. in each treatment group significantly increased. Humicola sp. and Simplicillium sp. could be induced to increase by exogenous addition of F. oxysporum，while T. viride at a high concentration could significantly inhibit the growth of F. oxysporum. As revealed by Biolog and principal component analysis （PCA），the average well color development （AWCD） in the high-dose T. viride group （MG） was significantly higher than that in the control group （QS）and the low-dose F. oxysporum group（LD）. The utilization abilities for amino acids，carboxylic acids，polymers， and amines were enhanced in the MG group，but the microbial metabolic activity was reduced in the high-dose F. oxysporum group （LG）. There was no significant increase in the utilization of phenolic acids by soil microorganisms in both groups. ConclusionExogenous addition of F. oxysporum can lead to the growth and reproduction of other pathogenic fungi. Exogenous addition of T. viride can enhance the soil fungal community structure and metabolic diversity，inhibit the proliferation of F. oxysporum，and improve the soil microbial environment of cultivated P. ginseng.

Efficacy of different doses of apatinib combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer and its effect on prognosis / 中国基层医药

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of different doses of apatinib combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer and its effect on prognosis.Methods:Sixty-nine patients with advanced gastric cancer who received treatment in Lishui City People's Hospital from January 2015 to February 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients received apatinib combined with teggio chemotherapy. These patients were divided into groups A, B and C according to the different dosages of apatinib used: 250 mg/d ( n = 21, group A), 500 mg/d ( n = 23, group B) and 850 mg/d ( n = 23, group C). The control rate of gastric cancer, serum levels of carcinoembryonic antigen, carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), carbohydrate antigen 72-4 (CA72-4), toxic and side effects, and survival within 1 year after surgery were determined among the three groups. Results:By the end of follow-up, one patient from group A was lost, one patient from group B interrupted medication because of personal reasons, and two patients from group C withdrew from the treatment due to serious discomfort caused by drugs. After treatment, disease control rate in group C was significantly higher than that in group A [91.30% (21/23) vs. 60.00% (12/20), χ2 = 6.484, P < 0.05]. Serum levels of carcinoembryonic, CA19-9 and CA72-4 in group C were (27.51 ± 2.21) μg/L, (101.46 ± 8.02) g/L, (46.34 ± 6.15) U/mL, respectively, which were significantly lower than those in group B [(29.33 ± 2.17) μg/L, (106.67 ± 8.10) g/L, (50.67 ± 6.20) U/mL, t = 2.786, 2.168, 2.352, all P < 0.05]. Serum levels of carcinoembryonic, CA19-9 and CA72-4 in group B were significantly lower than those in group A [(31.63 ± 2.92) μg/L, (112.12 ± 8.38) g/L, (55.12 ± 6.48) U/mL, t = 2.915, 2.142, 2.274, all P < 0.05]. The incidences of hand foot syndrome and gastrointestinal discomfort in group C were (34.78% (8/23) and (39.13% (9/23), respectively, which were significantly higher than those in group A [15.00% (3/23) and 25.00% (5/20), χ2 = 5.734, 4.769, both P < 0.05]. After 1-year follow-up,1-year survival rate in group C was significantly higher than that in group A [39.13% (9/23) vs. 10.00% (2/20), log-Rank χ2 = 6.600, P < 0.05]. Conclusion:High-dose apatinib combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer has a high disease control rate and a high 1-year survival rate, but it has serious adverse drug reactions.

Effect of Fluoxetine on Metabolic Diversity of Intestinal Microbiota in Rats With Depression / 胃肠病学

Background: Studies have shown that intestinal microbiota is closely related to the occurrence and development of depression, however, the regulatory mechanism of the classic antidepressant fluoxetine on intestinal microbiota is still unclear. Aims: To investigate the mechanism of fluoxetine in regulating intestinal microbiota structure and metabolic diversity in rats with depression. Methods: Thirty SD rats were randomly divided into blank group, model group and fluoxetine group. Depression rat model was established by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) combined with solitary care. Fluoxetine hydrochloride dispersible tablets 3.17 mg•kg

Comparative study on anti-depressant effect of Zhizichi Decoction and its solid fermentation product on CUMS rats / 中国中药杂志

Chronic unpredicted mild stress(CUMS) combined with isolated feeding was used to induce depressed rat model. The anti-depressant effects of Zhizichi Decoction(ZZCD) and its solid fermented product(ZZC) were analyzed by behavioral test and comparison of pathological tissues of hippocampus and liver, metabolic characteristics of intestinal flora, and relative abundance of species. The results showed that ZZC could increase sucrose preference, shorten the immobility time in the forced swim test and tail suspension test(P<0.05), and repair damaged hippocampus and liver tissues, and the effect was superior to that of ZZCD. The results of Biolog ECO plates showed that the average well color development(AWCD) of intestinal flora in the model group significantly decreased and the metabolic levels of sugar and amino acids were reduced, while the AWCD of the treatment groups increased. The metabolic levels of the two carbon sources were improved in the ZZC group, while only sugar metabolic level was elevated in the ZZCD group. Metagenomic analysis of intestinal flora showed that the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes was 3.87 in the control group, 21.77 in the model group, 5.91 in the ZZC group, and 18.48 in the ZZCD group. Lactobacillus increased by 3.28 times, and Prevotella and Bacteroidetes decreased by 75.59% and 76.39%, respectively in the model group as compared with that in the control group. Lactobacillus decreased by 31.13%, and Prevotella and Bacteroidetes increased by more than three times in the ZZC group as compared with that in the model group, while the corresponding changes in the ZZCD group were not significant. ZZC could improve depression-like beha-viors by regulating the structure of intestinal flora and metabolic functions and repairing damaged hippocampus and liver tissues in depressed rats, showing an anti-depressant effect superior to that of ZZCD. This study is expected to provide a basis for the development of new anti-depressant food products.

Liming and Nitrogen Fertilization Effects on Soil Microbial Community in Long Term No-till

Abstract Soil management influences organic matter decomposition rates as well soil microbial community functional behavior. No-till (NT) is the most used management system by farmers due to its conservation practices and high productivity. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of surface-applied lime, nitrogen (N) application, and black oat residues on soil microbial community of a Typic Hapludox under continuous NT. Therefore, soil chemical attributes, microbial biomass carbon, basal respiration, metabolic quotient, most probable number of diazotrophs, as well as bacterial functional analysis were performed. The effect of liming and N fertilization amendments inputs were saw in soil respiration and metabolic quotient measurements, showing them to be good indicators of soil quality. Further studies should be carried out in order to molecularly identify microbial communities present in soils with different liming and N fertilization management to evaluate the behavior of specific bacterial taxa under such conditions.

Perfiles de utilización de sustratos carbonados de Cladorrhinum (Ascomycota) / Carbon-substrate utilization profiles by Cladorrhinum (Ascomycota)

Abstract Fungi from the genus Cladorrhinum (Ascomycota) are promising agents in the biocontrol of phytopathogens, in the promotion of plant growth, and in the production of enzymes with technological application. We analyzed comparatively the ability of 5 native strains of Cladorrhinum samala and Cladorrhinum bulbillosum with reference strains belonging to the same genus. We used 95 individual carbon sources available in microplates from the Biolog® FF system. Although most of the strains mainly used soluble carbohydrates, the metabolic profile was highly dependent upon each isolate and it revealed intraspecific physiological variability in Cladorrhinum species.

Resumen Los hongos del género Cladorrhinum (Ascomycota) son agentes prometedores en el biocontrol de fitopatógenos, la promoción del crecimiento de las plantas y la producción de enzimas con aplicación tecnológica. En este trabajo se analizaron comparativamente las habilidades de 5 cepas nativas pertenecientes a las especies Cladorrhinum samala y Cladorrhinum bulbillosum con cepas de referencia del mismo género. Se usaron 95 fuentes individuales de carbono, disponibles en microplacas de Biolog® FF system. Aunque la mayoría de las cepas utilizaron principalmente carbohidratos solubles, el perfil metabólico fue altamente dependiente de cada aislamiento y reveló variabilidad fisiológica intraespecífica en las especies de Cladorrhinum.

Influence of exogenous ginsenosides on new forest soil microbial communities / 中国中药杂志

Ginsenosides are the main active ingredient and allelochemicals of Panax ginseng, and they play an important role in ginseng growth and in ecological adaptation. To study the influence of ginsenosides on soil microbial communities, the method of given exogenous total ginsenosides of different concentrations were used to study the influence of ginsenosides on new forest soil microbial community, evaluate the change of metabolic activity of microbial community and investigate the ecological effect of ginsenosides on soil microbial community. Results showed that, exogenous total ginsenosides promoted metabolic activity of microbial community in new forest soil at different concentrations compared with the control after 10 d and 40 d treatment. After 10 d,except for the Evenness index, all of the other indices indicated that the functional diversity of the soil microbial community in the new forest firstly increased then decreased with increase of the total ginsenosides concentration. The Substrate richness for 0.01 g•L⁻¹ soil treatment was significantly different from that of the control. After 20 d, 30 d and 40 d, except for the Evenness index, all of the other indices indicated that the functional diversity of the soil microbial community in the new forest increased with total ginsenosides. These results suggested that ginsenosids can change soil microbial community and microbial metabolic activity, which alter soil microbial ecology and accordingly affect the growth of ginseng with accumulation of ginsenosides in the soil.

Detection of Metabolism Function of Microbial Community of Corpses by Biolog-Eco Method / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To detect the changes of microbial community functional diversity of corpses with different postmortem interval （PMI） and to evaluate forensic application value for estimating PMI.@*METHODS@#The cultivation of microbial community from the anal swabs of a Sus scrofa and a human corpse placed in field environment from 0 to 240 h after death was performed using the Biolog-Eco Microplate and the variations of the absorbance values were also monitored. Combined with the technology of forensic pathology and flies succession, the metabolic characteristics and changes of microbial community on the decomposed corpse under natural environment were also observed.@*RESULTS@#The diversity of microbial metabolism function was found to be negatively correlated with the number of maggots in the corpses. The freezing processing had the greatest impact on average well color development value at 0 h and the impact almost disappeared after 48 h. The diversity of microbial metabolism of the samples became relatively unstable after 192 h. The principal component analysis showed that 31 carbon sources could be consolidated for 5 principal components （accumulative contribution ratio >90%）.The carbon source tsquare-analysis showed that N-acetyl-D-glucosamine and L-serine were the dominant carbon sources for estimating the PMI （0=240 h） of the Sus scrofa and human corpse.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The Biolog-Eco method can be used to reveal the metabolic differences of the carbon resources utilization of the microbial community on the corpses during 0-240 h after death, which could provide a new basis for estimating the PMI.

Rhizosphere microorganism evidence on geo-authentic features of traditional Chinese medicine from Moutan (Paeonia suffruticosa) / 药学学报

Paeonia suffruticosa also named Moutan that cultivated in five geographic regions during different growth stages were chosen in this study. Biolog and 454 pyrosequencing technology were used to detect the whole microbial activity and fungal diversity for exploring the relationship between the geo-authentic features of the medicinal plant and the rhizosphere microorganism. The results suggest that the value of average well color development (AWCD) from the rhizosphere soil of P. suffruticosa in the five regions at the fo ur growth stage have an increasing tendency. 9 703 operational taxonomic unit (OTU) were obtained from 272 463 high quality sequences according to the similarity of 97% by the pyrosequencing. Fungi in five phyla, twenty-two classes, seventy orders, one hundred and thirty-nine families and two hundred and sixty-six genera were detected in the five regions excluding twelve percent to fifty-eight percent unidentified fungi. They were divided into four branches, i.e. Blastocladiales, Chytridiomycota, Dikarya and Glomeromycetes. Twenty-four genera such as Leptosphaeria were found in the five regions while six genera such as Curvularia were only detected in the geo-authentic regions. The dominant genera were Guehomyces, Exophiala and Fusarium in geo-authentic regions, whereas genus Leptosphaeria, Cryptococcus, Exophiala, Fusarium and Ceratobasidium in non-authentic regions. The results from principal co-ordinates analysis (PCoA) showed that the fungi formations were similar in Tongling and Nanling region at four different growth stages, and the same in Heze at the leaf bud and fruiting stage. According to heatmap analysis, Tongling and Nanling region showed a close similarity in fungal community structures on phylogenetic analysis, while Bozhou, Heze and Luoyang showed the same. In brief, the whole microbial activity was higher in geo-authentic regions than the non-authentic. Fungi in rhizosphere soil of the medicinal peony presented diversity and region specificity. We found not only the abundant new species in the five regions, but also the phylogenetic similarity in the geo-authentic regions.

Detection of Metabolism Function of Microbial Community of Corpses by Biolog-Eco Method / 法医学杂志

Objective To detect the changes of microbial community functional diversity of corpses with different postmortem interval(PMI)and to evaluate forensic application value for estimating PMI. Methods The cultivation of microbial community from the anal swabs of aSusscrofaand a human corpse placed in field environment from 0 to 240 h after death was performed using the Biolog-Eco Mi-croplate and the variations of the absorbance values were also monitored. Combined with the technology of forensic pathology and flies succession, the metabolic characteristics and changes of microbial commu-nity on the decomposed corpse under natural environment were also observed.Results The diversity of microbial metabolism function was found to be negatively correlated with the number of maggots in the corpses. The freezing processing had the greatest impact on average well color development value at 0 h and the impact almost disappeared after 48 h. The diversity of microbial metabolism of the samples be-came relatively unstable after 192 h. The principal component analysis showed that 31 carbon sources could be consolidated for 5 principal components(accumulative contribution ratio >90%). The carbon source tsquare-analysis showed thatN-acetyl-D-glucosamine andL-serine were the dominant carbon sources for estimating the PMI(0=240 h)of theSusscrofaand human corpse.Conclusion The Biolog-Eco method can be used to reveal the metabolic differences of the carbon resources utilization of the microbial community on the corpses during 0-240 h after death, which could provide a new basis for estimating the PMI.

Componente bucal y determinantes sociales en el análisis de la situación de salud / Oral component and social determinants in the analysis of the health situation

Introducción: el componente bucal del análisis de la situación de salud requiere perfeccionamiento, de manera que contribuya a la gestión eficiente en salud. Su influencia en la formación de los recursos humanos, demanda hoy un cambio de enfoque sustentado en la estomatología social y en la intersectorialidad y un mejoramiento en las herramientas que lo apoyan. Objetivo: exponer el tránsito histórico del concepto del componente bucal del análisis de la situación de salud y sus nexos con la determinación social de la salud. Método: se realizó una revisión bibliográfica y documental, utilizando fuentes provenientes de la red de Infomed en sus bases de datos SciELO, Pubmed, Cochrane y BIREME. Se revisaron artículos científicos con las palabras clave: determinación social de la salud, salud bucal, análisis de la situación de salud. Se emplearon los operadores boleanos and, or. Resultados: se encontraron 18 artículos pertinentes al tema, más del 70 por ciento corresponde a los últimos 5 años, se expuso el tránsito histórico del concepto del componente bucal del análisis de la situación de salud y sus nexos con la determinación social de la salud. Conclusiones: el análisis de la situación de salud bucal requiere un cambio de enfoque biologicista a uno salubrista. La inclusión de las determinantes sociales de la salud en el proceso es una garantía para su perfeccionamiento en pos de elevar la calidad. El modelo del marco conceptual de la OMS propicia el sustento teórico y constituye una herramienta vital de guía para el proceso, es factible de aplicar, dialéctico, eficaz y sostenible(AU)

Introduction: the oral component analysis of the health situation requires improvement, to contribute to efficient health management. Today its influence on the formation of human resources demands an approach change sustained by social dentistry and intersectoral character and an improvement in the supporting tools. Objective: present the historical transition of the oral component concept in the analysis of health situation and its links to the health social determinants. Method: a literature and document review was conducted, using data sources within Infomed network as SciELO, PubMed, and Cochrane and BIREME databases. Scientific articles were reviewed with keywords as health social determinants, oral health, and health situation analysis. Boolean operators and, or were used. Results: 18 articles were found relevant to the subject, more than 70 percent corresponds to the last five years; the historical transition from the concept of oral component of the health situation analysis and its links to the social determinants of health was discussed. Conclusions: the oral health situation analysis requires a change of focus, from a biologic approach to health-based focus. The inclusion of health social determinants in the process is a guarantee for its improvement towards raising quality. The model of the WHO conceptual framework facilitates the theoretical basis and it constitutes a vital tool to guide the process, it is feasible to implement, dialectical, effective and sustainable(AU)

Impact of simulated acid rain on soil microbial community function in Masson pine seedlings

Background Accompanying its rapid economic development and population growth, China is the world's third largest acid rain region, following Europe and North America. The effects of acid rain on forest ecosystem were widely researched, including the growth, the nutrient of the leaf and soil, and so on. However, there are few reports about the effects of acid rain on the soil microbial diversity. This study investigated the effects of acid rain on soil microbial community function under potted Masson pine seedlings (Pinus massoniana Lamb). Results After 7 months of treatment with simulated acid rain, the low acid load treatment (pH 5.5) stimulated soil microbial activity, and increased soil microbial diversity and richness, while the higher levels of acid application (pH 4.5, pH 3.5) resulted in lower soil microbial activity and had no significant effects on soil microbial diversity and richness. Principal component analysis showed that there was clear discrimination in the metabolic capability of the soil microbial community among the simulated acid rain and control treatments. Conclusion The results obtained indicated that the higher acid load decreased the soil microbial activity and no effects on soil microbial diversity assessed by Biolog of potted Masson pine seedlings. Simulated acid rain also changed the metabolic capability of the soil microbial community.

Influence of Allelochemicals on Microbial Community in Ginseng Cultivating Soil / 中草药·英文版

Objective: To study the influence of allelochemicals such as benzoic acid, diisobutyl phthalate, diisobutyl succinate, palmitic acid, and 2,2-bis-(4-hydroxyphenyl) propane on the microbial community of ginseng cultivating soil. Methods: Soil samples were sprayed with five allelochemicals (100 mg/L) and their mixture (20 mg/L), respectively. Carbon metabolic ability variances were analyzed by Biolog method and genetic polymorphism variance was analyzed by RAPD method. The Nei's genetic diversity index and Shannon's information index were calculated. Results: Significant differences in carbon metabolic activity were found between allelochemical-treated soils and control. Further analysis indicated that although the carbon-utilizing ability and genetic polymorphism of soils treated with di-isobutyl phthalate, di-isobutyl succinate, and allelochemical mixtures were lower than those of the other treatments, genetic similarities of soils treated with di-isobutyl phthalate, diisobutyl succinate, and allelochemical mixtures were much higher than those of the other treatments. Conclusion: Allelochemicals significantly declined the genetic diversity and carbon metabolic activity of microorganisms in newly reclaimed forest soil for ginseng cultivation.

Effect of Trichoderma longbrachiatum T2 on functional diversity of cucumber rhizomicrobes.

After biocontrol Trichoderma longbrachiatum T2 was applied in the rhizosphere of cucumber, the functional diversity of the rhizomicrobes utilizing carbon sources was investigated by using Biolog Eco-microplates technique. The result showed that T. longbrachiatum T2 had a significant effect on the rhizomicrobes in terms of their metabolic activity and their capacity to utilize carbon sources. The ability of the rhizomicrobes to utilize carbon sources was enhanced at seedling stage. The significant change of the richness and the degrees of the rhizomicrobes occured at seedling stage, flowering stage, and final stage, while no obvious difference was observed at fruiting stage. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) indicated that the ability of the rhizomicrobes to utilize carbon sources was enhanced at seedling stage and final stage. At flowering stage, the ability to utilize carbohydrates, amino acids, carboxylic acids, amines and phenolic compounds was reduced, but the ability to untilize polymers was slightly enhanced. The ability to utilize carbohydrates, amino acids, carboxylic acids, polymers and amines was enhanced, but the ability to utilize phenolic compounds was reduced at fruiting stage.

Comparison of phenotypic and molecular tests to identify lactic acid bacteria

Twenty-nine lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolates were submitted for identification using Biolog, API50CHL, 16S rDNA sequencing, and species-specific PCR reactions. The identification results were compared, and it was concluded that a polyphasic approach is necessary for proper LAB identification, being the molecular analyzes the most reliable.

Pathogenic variation in isolates of Pseudomonas causing the brown blotch of cultivated mushroom, Agaricus bisporus

Twenty seven bacterial isolates were isolated from superficial brown discolorations on the caps of cultivated Agaricus bisporus. After White Line Assay (WLA) and the assist of Biolog computer-identification system, isolates were divided into groups: (I) comprised ninteen bacterial isolates that positively responded to a Pseudomonas "reactans" reference strain (NCPPB1311) in WLA and were identified as Pseudomonas tolaasii, (II) comprised two isolates which were WLA+ towards the reference strain (JCM21583) of P. tolaasii and were proposed to be P. "reactans". The third group comprised six isolates, two of which weakly responded to the strain of P. tolaasii and were identified as P. gingeri whereas the other four were WLA- and identified as P. fluorescens (three isolates) and P. marginalis (one isolate). Isolates of P. tolaasii showed high aggressiveness compared with those of P. "reactans" in pathogenicity tests. Cubes of 1 cm³ of A. bisporus turned brown and decreased in size when were inoculated with 10 µl of P. tolaasii suspension containing 10(8) CFU ml-1, whereas a similar concentration of P. "reactans" caused only light browning. Fifty µl of the same concentration of P. tolaasii isolates gave typical brown blotch symptoms on fresh mushroom sporophores whereas the two P. "reactans" isolates caused superficial light discoloration only after inoculation with 100 µl of the same concentration. Mixture from both bacterial suspensions increased the brown areas formed on the pileus. This is the first pathogenicity report of P. tolasii and P. "reactans" isolated from cultivated A. bisporus in Egypt.

Influence of invasive plant Coreopsis grandiflora on functional diversity of soil microbial communities.

Biological invasions are increasingly attracting the ecologists’ attention. Invasive plants threaten the natural ecosystems not only by competing with the native plants, but also by altering the structure and function of soil microbial communities belowground. In this study, we studied the effects of the invasive plant Coreopsis grandiflora (C. grandiflora) on the functional diversity of soil microbial communities in Laoshan mountain in the province of Shandong, North of China. We sampled soil from plots that were invaded or not invaded by C. grandiflora. The functional diversity of microbial communities in the sampled soils was assessed by the Biolog procedure test. By the ANOVA analysis of average well color development (AWCD), Shannon index (H’ ), Shannon evenness (E), principle components analysis of the level physiological profiles (CLPP) and correlation analysis between the studied parameters, we found that the invasive species C. grandiflora enhanced the functional diversity of soil microbial communities where the habitat was invaded by the C. grandiflora. The study indicated that the successful invasive plants have profound effects on the function of soil microbial communities.

Identification and characterization of bacteria isolated under selective pressure of volatile organic compounds.

Several bacterial strains tolerant to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were isolated from the air emissions of a typical industrial wood painting plant. Four strains that grew vigorously on a mineral salt basal medium and VOC-saturated atmosphere were identified using BIOLOG and fatty acids analysis. A 16S rDNA sequence comparison was also performed on three of the four strains. Their phylogenetic positions were respectively: MC8M6 of the genus Arthrobacter, MCEP3 of the genus Microbacterium, MCEPFL2 of the genus Rhodococcus. The fourth strain, C14, was identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. All the four strains showed multiple carbon sources among toluene, butyl acetate, ethoxy propyl acetate, isobutyl alcohol, ethyl acetate, diaceton alcohol, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone. By identifying a particular strain, an evaluation of its risk group can be made by comparing it to each strain type within important world-wide culture collections. This is the first step required to implement correct procedures using the strains and in implementing the appropriate biosafety containment in large scale applications.

An Amendment on Information Extraction of Biolog EcoPlate~(TM) / 微生物学通报

Biolog EcoPlateTM is a mainstream approach of studying community-level physiological profiles of microbes. To correct misunderstanding and insufficiency of experimental result explanation, we announced an amendment of information extraction of Biolog EcoPlateTM, which included two parts: (1) carbon substrates assortment sheets based on microbial physiological metabolism and ecological function, providing referrence and index for researchers; (2) illustration of how to use assorment sheet and ordination method to find out more information, guiding by environmental concentration principle.