Résumé
ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the correlation between blood alcohol levels and the severity of injuries assessed by the Injury Severity Score (ISS) in patients who were victims of traffic accidents admitted to the Hospital das Clínicas of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo (HCFMUSP). Methods: Cross-sectional study carried out between July 2018 and June 2019, at the Central Emergency Room of the Hospital das Clínicas of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo (PSC-HCFMUSP). A total of 172 hospitalized patients victims of traffic accidents were included in this study. Blood samples were analyzed by the FMUSP Toxicology Laboratory. Results: 36 patients (20.9%) had positive BAC (≥ 0.2 g/L) with a mean of 1.21 g/L. Overall, patients had a mean age of 37.2 years old, and 136 (79.1%) were men. The ISS of the total casuistry was 15.6; regarding the external cause, the motorcycle was ranked first with 100 cases (58.1%), and drivers were the majority with 57.4% of the sample. Conclusion: There was no correlation between the severity of the injuries and the blood alcohol levels of traffic accident victims admitted to a reference hospital. Level of Evidence II, Cross-Sectional Study.
RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a correlação entre a alcoolemia e a gravidade das lesões avaliadas pelo Índice de Gravidade da Lesão ( Injury Severity Score* - ISS) em vítimas de acidentes de trânsito internadas no Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HC-FMUSP).* Método: Estudo transversal realizado entre julho de 2018 e junho de 2019, no Pronto Socorro Central do HC-FMUSP. Foram incluídas 172 vítimas de acidentes de trânsito. Amostras de sangue foram analisadas pelo Laboratório de Toxicologia da FMUSP. Resultados: 36 pacientes (20,9%) apresentaram alcoolemia positiva (≥ 0,2 g/L), com valor médio de 1,21 g/L. No geral, os pacientes tinham uma idade média de 37,2 anos, e 136 (79,1%) eram homens. O ISS da casuística total foi 15,6; quanto à causa externa, a motocicleta ficou em primeiro lugar com 100 casos (58,1%); e os condutores foram prevalentes entre as vítimas (57,4%). Conclusão: Não houve correlação entre a gravidade das lesões e a alcoolemia das vítimas de acidente de trânsito internadas em um hospital de referência. Nível de Evidência II, Estudo de Corte Transversal.
Résumé
Objective To select the best storage temperature and accurate detection way of the blood alcohol content of drunk driving and provide technical support of judging objectively drunk driving behaviors for traffic management department. Methods This study selects EDTA-2 vacuum tubes, take human vein blood after drinking and respectively store at four temperature conditions -20℃、4℃~8 ℃、 25 ℃ normal temperature and high temperature of 35℃~42 ℃.GC method is used by testing 0,3d, 7d, 14d, 21d and 28d blood alcohol content, and the test result statistics and data are compared and analyzed. Results The blood alcohol contents within 0-3d stored at 35℃~42 ℃and 25 ℃temperature remain stable, decrease significantly after 3d (P<0.05); the blood alcohol contents stored at 4℃~8 ℃ temperature in 0~14d is basically stable and decrease significantly after 14d (P<0.05); at -20℃temperature there are no significant differences among the 28d testing results of blood alcohol contents. Conclusions It is suggested that the blood samples should be collected at low temperature and the best preservation temperature of blood samples is -20℃.
Résumé
Introdução: Trauma é a principal causa de óbitos em indivíduos entre 18 e 44 anos de vida no Brasil. Por mais de um século, o álcool tem sido reconhecido como um dos principais fatores de risco para acidentes fatais, desempenhando um importante papel na etiologia do trauma. O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar o diagnóstico de alcoolemia entre mortos por acidentes de trânsito e outras causas externas (afogamento, homicídio e suicídio). Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo transversal onde se utilizaram dados secundários do Departamento de Medicina Legal de Porto Alegre no período de janeiro a dezembro de 2001. As variáveis estudadas foram o nível de alcoolemia e óbitos por causas externas. Resultados: Foram analisados 1.588 óbitos. Os homicídios ocorreram na faixa etária entre 19 e 45 anos, representando 80% dos casos. As causas externas ocorrem com mais frequência em homens e a maior causa de óbitos entre mulheres foi por acidente de trânsito, com menor alcoolemia. Os pacientes que apresentam alcoolemia positiva tiveram uma razão de prevalência de 1,18 (IC 95%:1,05 a 1,32) em relação ao óbito por acidente de trânsito em comparação ao suicídio. Conclusão: Este estudo demonstra que o álcool é fator contribuinte de morte por causas externas, especialmente aquelas causadas por acidentes de trânsito e homicídio
Introduction: Trauma is the leading cause of death in individuals between 18 and 44 years of age living in Brazil. For over a century, alcohol has been recognized as a major risk factor for fatal accidents, playing an important role in the etiology of trauma. The aim of this study was to compare the diagnosis of alcoholemy in individuals who died in traffic accidents and from other external causes (drowning, homicide and suicide). Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study based on secondary data from the Department of Forensic Medicine of Porto Alegre from January to December 2001. The variables were blood alcohol content (BAC) and deaths from external causes. Results: We analyzed 1,588 deaths. The murders occurred between the ages of 19-45 years, accounting for 80% of the cases. External causes occur more frequently in men, and traffic accidents are the leading cause of death among women, with lower blood alcohol levels. Patients with positive blood alcohol content had a prevalence ratio of 1.18 (95% CI: 1.05 to 1.32) in relation to death by traffic accidents as compared to suicide. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that alcohol is a contributing factor of death from external causes, especially those caused by traffic accidents and homicide