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An assessment of climate change knowledge is important to understand farmers' knowledge. There are several tests available to measure it, but they are all dispersed, making the study tedious. The present study, conducted in 2022-23, aimed at developing a composite climate change knowledge test that would aid in the amalgamation of various aspects to holistically study climate change such as farmers’ knowledge of climate change; climate change extreme events knowledge (rainfall, temperature, relative-humidity, drought and so on); and adaptation strategies. Initially, items from diverse literature were collected and discussed with specialists. A total of 63 items were selected. At two levels, the knowledge item was judged and screened. For the first level of screening, 63 items were sent to 100 experts for review. 39 items were chosen for item analysis based on the opinions of 60 experts. These 39 items were distributed to 60 non-sample farmers for second-level screening. The difficulty and discrimination indexes were calculated using the item analysis score. Items with difficulty index of 0.30 to 0.80 and discrimination index of 0.25 and higher were chosen. Following that, 29 items were selected for the final climate change knowledge test for farmers. Finally, the split-half method reliability of the test was 0.85. The developed knowledge tool aids in identifying knowledge gaps and planning the future policy for better adaptation. Furthe, enhancing farmers' knowledge can also help them solve problems more effectively and with a more optimistic outlook when dealing with the challenges posed by climate change.
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In the villages of Prathvipura, Karguwan, and PuraBadaura in the district of Jhansi, in the Bundelkhand region, the study was conducted by Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural University during the Kharif of 2021.Total ten front line demonstrations were conducted on Urd bean and Mung bean in 10 hectare area by the active participation of the farmers with the objective of improved technologies of Urd bean and Mung bean production potentials. The improved technology consisted of improved varieties viz. Virat (Mung bean) and IPU 2-43 (Urd bean), balanced fertilizers (based on soil testing) application and integrated weed, diseases and insect pests management, etc. Under FLDs of Urd bean and Mung bean, the average additional yield of the crops was obtained at 25kg/ha and 165kg/ha, while the increased yield over the local check was 23.86 % and 23.10% from respective varieties. The mean extension gap, technology gap, and technology index for Urd bean crop were recorded as 25kg/ha, 870kg/ha & 87.0% where, in the case of Mung bean, it was 165kg/ha, 357.5kg/ha, and 32.5%, respectively. Average and maximum net returns of Rs. 1890 & Rs. 21910.63 and the cost-benefit ratio were recorded as 0.30 and 1.56 from FLD of Urd bean and Mung bean, respectively, followed by local checks.
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The Bundelkhand region, one of the most vulnerable locations in central India, is prone to severe drought and crop failure attributed to annual rainfall fluctuation. In this study, basic statistics were utilized to determine the variances in rainfall across different districts in the Bundelkhand zone for 30 years (1987-2016) The average annual rainfall was found to be maximum for Damoh district (1169.24 mm) followed by Sagar district (1163.04 mm), Panna district (1118.79 mm), whereas it was minimum for Jalaun district (774.91 mm) followed by Datia district (841.61 mm), Hamirpur district (849.30 mm). In this study period in the year 2010 received low annual rainfall. The average seasonal rainfall was found to be maximum for Sagar district (1075.52 mm) followed by Damoh district (1073.40 mm), Panna district (1008.74 mm) whereas was minimum for Jalaun district (701.11 mm) followed by Datia district (769.1 mm). In this 30 year 1990 real received low seasonal rainfall. This research demonstrates the rainfall pattern over the study region and indicates susceptible locations that are more likely to face water stress as a result of rainfall variability.
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Background: Low birth weight is associated with higher morbidity and mortality including impaired growth and development, malnutrition etc. Worldwide, one- fifth of newborns delivered are low birth weight. Aims & objectives: To estimate frequency of low birth weight & its associated factors among newborns delivered in a tertiary care hospital. Materials & Methods: A cross sectional analysis of 290 newborns delivered in tertiary care hospital, Banda, Uttar Pradesh during period of 15th February 2021 to 31st December 2021 was done for estimating low birth weight frequency & its associated factors including child characteristics, mother characteristics & father characteristics using data from medical record section of hospital. Frequency, percentages, mean, standard deviation, chi square test & independent t- test was used. P value <0.05 was considered significant. Results: 91 out of 290 newborns delivered were low birth weight (27.9%, 95% CI- 23.1%- 33.4%). The following factors were shown to have a significant association with low birth weight: education of mother (p=0.04), education of father (p=0.03), occupation of father (p=0.02), and duration of pregnancy (p<0.001). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that education of mother, education of father, occupation of father, and duration of pregnancy had significant association with low birth weight frequency that suggests that improving literacy status can help in decreasing burden of low birth weight apart from other factors.
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Background: Present study is aimed to note the prevalence of femoral hernia and trend of disease in two genders and different age groups in patients from Bundelkhand region. Methods: This observational study was carried out on 42 patients of femoral hernia belonging from Bundelkhand region of India. Patients were classified into groups based on their genders, age, laterality and types of femoral hernia. All the findings were tabulated and inferences were drawn followed by statistical comparison using chi-square test with p value <0.05 considered as significant. Results: Highest prevalence of femoral hernia was noted in >60 years age group. Females show a higher preponderance for femoral hernia as compared to males. Prevalence of hernia was higher on right side as compared to left side. Recurrent femoral hernia showed very small preponderance.Conclusion: Such studies are needed to be conducted in all geographical regions with as much possible number of observations. Results of present study might be helpful for future studies in estimating femoral hernia prevalence in population as a whole.
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Background: The aim of present study is to note the correlation of appendix length with age in both genders in patients of acute appendicitis from Bundelkhand region. Methods: This observational study was carried out on 100 patients belonging from Bundelkhand region of India, suffering from Acute Appendicitis. The patients were divided into groups based on their genders and ages. Measurement of length of the appendix was taken from base to tip. All the findings were tabulated and inferences were drawn followed by statistical comparison using t-test and ANOVA with p value <0.05 considered as significant. Regression analysis was done to note the correlation between age of the subject and length of appendix in both genders. Results: A highly significant positive correlation was noted between ages of patient with the length of the appendix. This positive correlation was seen in both genders. Conclusion: The data of the present study may provide a baseline in the standardization of the anthropometric information regarding the length of vermiform appendix of Bundelkhand population.
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Background: The aim of present study is to note prevalence of inguinal hernia in two genders and different age groups in patients from Bundelkhand region. Methods: This observational study was carried out on 130 patients of inguinal hernia belonging from Bundelkhand region of India. Patients were classified into groups based on their genders, age, laterality and type of inguinal hernia. All the findings were tabulated and inferences were drawn followed by statistical comparison using chi-square test with p value <0.05 considered as significant. Results: Highest prevalence of inguinal hernia was noted in 41-50 years age group. Males show a higher preponderance for inguinal hernia as compared to females. Prevalence of hernia was higher on right side as compared to left side, though 6.9% cases were found to be bilateral. Although the recurrence of inguinal hernia was noted in both direct and indirect hernia, but recurrent hernia showed higher preponderance. Conclusion: Such studies are needed to be conducted in all geographical regions with as much possible number of observations. Results of present study might be helpful for future studies in estimating inguinal hernia prevalence in population as a whole.
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Objective: To explore and document the information regarding usage of ethnoveterinary medicinal plants utilized by rural farmers and traditional herbal healers for livestock healthcare in Tikamgarh District of Bundelkhnad, Central India. Methods: The remote villages of Tikamgarh district were regularly visited from July 2011 to June 2012. Following the methods of Jain and Goel (1995) information regarding the usage of ethnoveterinary medicinal plants was collected.Results:various plant parts and their combinations for the treatment of more than 36 diseases in the studied area. Trees (17 species) were found to be the most used Ethnoveterinary medicinal plants followed by herbs (15 species), shrubs (6 species) and grasses (3) in descending order. The most common diseases cough, diarrhoea and fever were treated by 04 ethnoveterinary medicinal plant species.Conclusions:The present study recommended that the crop and medicinal plant genetic A total of 41 plant species in 39 genera and 25 families were used traditionally with resources cannot be conserved and protected without conserving/managing of the agro-ecosystem or natural habitat of medicinal plants and the socio-cultural organization of the local people. The same may be applied to protect indigenous knowledge, related to the use of medicinal and other wild plants. Introduction of medicinal plants in degraded government and common lands could be another option for promoting the rural economy together with environmental conservation, but has not received attention in the land rehabilitation programs in this region.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore and document the information regarding usage of ethnoveterinary medicinal plants utilized by rural farmers and traditional herbal healers for livestock healthcare in Tikamgarh District of Bundelkhnad, Central India.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The remote villages of Tikamgarh district were regularly visited from July 2011 to June 2012. Following the methods of Jain and Goel (1995) information regarding the usage of ethnoveterinary medicinal plants was collected.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 41 plant species in 39 genera and 25 families were used traditionally with various plant parts and their combinations for the treatment of more than 36 diseases in the studied area. Trees (17 species) were found to be the most used Ethnoveterinary medicinal plants followed by herbs (15 species), shrubs (6 species) and grasses (3) in descending order. The most common diseases cough, diarrhoea and fever were treated by 04 ethnoveterinary medicinal plant species.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The present study recommended that the crop and medicinal plant genetic resources cannot be conserved and protected without conserving/managing of the agro-ecosystem or natural habitat of medicinal plants and the socio-cultural organization of the local people. The same may be applied to protect indigenous knowledge, related to the use of medicinal and other wild plants. Introduction of medicinal plants in degraded government and common lands could be another option for promoting the rural economy together with environmental conservation, but has not received attention in the land rehabilitation programs in this region.</p>