Résumé
Las experiencias emocionales se ven influenciadas, tanto por el contexto como por las interpretaciones individuales; es decir, los cambios repentinos en el estilo de vida causados por circunstancias aversivas impactan en la estabilidad emocional de las personas, pudiéndose manifestar malestar o problemas psicológicos. En este sentido, debido al impacto de la pandemia del COVID-19 en la salud mental es necesario explorar estrategias que regulen emociones, mediante instrumentos confiables y apropiados a la población y su contexto. El objetivo es analizar evidencias de validez de dos versiones del Cognitive Emotional Regulation Questionnarie (CERQ), de 36 y 18 ítems, durante la primera ola de la pandemia. Fueron evaluados 401 jóvenes y adultos peruanos (75.1% mujeres), con edad promedio de 30.1 años (DEedad = 11.8). El método de análisis factorial confirmatorio demostró mejores índices de ajuste con el CERQ-18 que con el CERQ-36, así como adecuados coeficientes de fiabilidad a un contexto específico de pandemia; sin embargo, hubo una elevada correlación entre los factores Rumiación - Catastrofización y Reinterpretación positiva - Focalización en los planes. En conclusión, el CERQ-18 presenta adecuadas evidencias de validez y fiabilidad. Se discuten las implicancias teóricas y prácticas de los resultados.
Emotional experiences are influenced by context and individual's interpretations, that is, sudden changes in lifestyle caused by aversive circumstances impact people's emotional stability and may manifest distress or psychological problems. In this sense, due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health, it is necessary to explore emotional regulation strategies through reliable and appropriate instruments for the population. The objective is to analyze validity evidence of two versions of the Cognitive Emotional Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ), with 36 and 18 items, during the first wave of the pandemic. 401 Peruvian youths and adults (75.1% women) were evaluated; the mean age was 30.1 years (SD age = 11.8). The confirmatory factor analysis method showed better fit índices with the CERQ-18 than the CERQ-36, as well as adequate reliability coefficients for a specific context; however, high correlation between factors Rumination - Catastrophizing and Positive reinterpretation - Focusing on plans was obtained. Therefore, the CERQ-18 presents adequate evidence of validity and reliability. The theoretical and practical implications of the results are discussed.
As experiências emocionais são influenciadas, tanto pelo contexto quanto pelas interpretações individuais; ou seja, mudanças repentinas no estilo de vida causadas por circunstâncias aversivas impactam a estabilidade emocional das pessoas, manifestando-se desconforto ou problemas psicológicos. Nesse sentido, devido ao impacto da pandemia de COVID-19 na saúde mental, é necessário explorar estratégias que regulem as emoções, por meio de instrumentos confiáveis ââe adequados à população e seu contexto. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar as evidências de validade de duas versões do Questionário de Regulação Emocional Cognitiva (CERQ), com 36 e 18 itens, durante a primeira onda da pandemia. Foram avaliados 401 jovens e adultos peruanos (75,1% mulheres), com média de idade de 30,1 anos (DP idade = 11,8). O método de análise fatorial confirmatória apresentou melhores índices de ajuste com o CERQ-18 do que com o CERQ-36, bem como coeficientes de confiabilidade adequados para um contexto específico de pandemia; porém, houve alta correlação entre os fatores Ruminação - Catastrofização e Reinterpretação Positiva - Foco nos planos. Em conclusão, o CERQ-18 apresenta evidências adequadas de validade e confiabilidade. As implicações teóricas e práticas dos resultados são discutidas.
Résumé
Introduction: Coping responses are being targeted in psychological interventions as they have the capacity to distinctly influence the illness course. Identifying the coping strategies in patients of Bipolar Mood Disorder thus becomes essential part for treatment design, due to differential coping preferences having etiological and clinical implications. Most studies till date have focused on bipolar I disorder, the current study examines the cognitive coping profiles in both bipolar I (BD I) and bipolar II mood disorder (BD II) patients, and compared them. Aim: To examine the cognitive coping strategies in Bipolar I and Bipolar II patients and how they differ from each other. Material and methods: A total of 100 participants were segregated using MINI and divided into groups based on DSM-IV TR. Participants (62 BD I patients and 38 BD II patients) were analyzed for preferential cognitive coping strategies using the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire. Results: BD I patients scored significantly higher on most adaptive coping subscales of CERQ as compared to BD II patients. Conclusion: BD I patients used more adaptive coping strategies as compared to BD II patients.
Résumé
Resumen El objetivo del presente estudio fue obtener evidencias de validez para el uso del Cognitive Emotional Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ) en universitarios limeños. Se administró la escala a 345 estudiantes (hombres = 26.4%; mujeres = 73.6%) de edad promedio 23.17 años. Se evaluó por medio de análisis factorial confirmatorio el modelo original de nueve factores. Los índices de ajuste encontrados así como un análisis conceptual de los hallazgos sugirieron una reespecificación, eliminando uno de los ítems. Luego de dicho procedimiento se mejoró el ajuste del modelo, aunque fue observada la presencia de covariaciones de fuerte magnitud entre los factores. Posteriormente se examinó la consistencia interna mediante el coeficiente alfa y el coeficiente omega, observándose valores aceptables aunque moderados. Asimismo, se realizaron correlaciones con medidas de cansancio emocional y bienestar psicológico a fin de encontrar evidencias externas de validez, encontrándose correlaciones significativas y coherentes en términos teóricos. De esta manera se corrobora que el CERQ posee propiedades psicométricas satisfactorias para su uso en la población universitaria de Lima.
Abstract The aim of this paper was to obtain evidence of validity for the use of Cognitive Emotional Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ) in college students from Lima. The scale was administered to 345 students (male = 26.4%; women = 73.6%) of mean age 23.17 years. It was evaluated through confirmatory factor analysis the original nine-factor model. The found fit indices as well as a conceptual analysis of the findings suggested a re-specification, eliminate one item. After this procedure the model fit was improved, although it was observed the presence of strong covariances between factors. Likewise, internal consistency was assessed by coefficient alpha and coefficient omega, obtaining coefficients of moderate magnitude. Also, correlations were performed with measures of emotional exhaustion and psychological well-being in order to find external evidence of validity and found significant and consistent correlations in theoretical terms.. Thus it is confirmed that the CERQ has satisfactory psychometric properties for use in college students from Lima.