Prévalence et facteurs associés des déficits neurocognitifs chez les patients diabétiques admis au centre neuro-psychopathologique de Kinshasa / NA

Objectif de l'étude.Préciser, chez les diabétiques, la fréquence et les facteurs associés des troubles neurocognitifs. Patients et Méthode. Une étude cas-témoin menée de janvier à décembre 2020 au Centre Neuro-Psychopathologique de l'Université de Kinshasa. Le diabète sucré (DS) a été diagnostiqué selon les critères biologiques de l'OMS et les fonctions neurocognitives évaluées à l'aide du test de Grober et Buschke après un dépistage avec le community screening interview for dementia (CSI-D). Résultats. Cinquante cas et 50 témoins ont été inclus. La fréquence globale des troubles neurocognitifs était de 58%. L'âge moyen des patients diabétiques atteints de troubles neurocognitifs était de 60,48 ± 6,90 ans avec un sex ratio (H/F) de 0,81. Les troubles neurocognitifs étaient en proportion élevés chez les diabétiques qui avaient un DS évoluant entre 6 et 10 ans. Les troubles mnésiques étaient associées au DS ; OR: 3,58, IC 95% [1,29-5,87], p = 0,003 ; avec prédominance d'amnésie d'évocation (65%). Les troubles neurocognitifs chez les diabétiques étaient influencés par l'âge ≥ 60 ans, l'HTA, le manque de ressource sure de revenue financière, les AVC et la durée du diabète supérieure à 5 ans. Le DS demeurait, après ajustement sur différents facteurs, un facteur de risque des troubles neurocognitifs avec un OR ajusté = 3,63, IC 95% [1,86-6,70] et un p = 0, 0001.Conclusion. Les diabétiques sont plus enclins aux troubles neurocognitifs que les non diabétiques. Des facteurs de risque pouvant influencer la survenue de ces troubles ont été identifiés.

Objective. To specify, in diabetics, the frequency and associated factors of neurocognitive disorders.Patients and Method. A case-control study conducted from January to December 2020 at the Neuro-Psychopathological Center of the University of Kinshasa. Diabetes mellitus (DM) was diagnosed according to WHO biological criteria and neurocognitive functions assessed using the Grober and Buschke test after screening by the community screening interview for dementia (CSI-D).Results. Fifty cases and 50 controls were included. The overall frequency of neurocognitive disorders was 58%. The mean age of diabetic patients with neurocognitive disorders was 60.48 ± 6.90 years with a sex ratio (M/F) of 0.81. Neurocognitive disorders were in high proportion in diabetics who had DM evolving between 6 and 10 years. Memory disorders were associated with DM; OR: 3.58, 95% CI [1.29-5.87], p = 0.003; with predominance of evocation amnesia (65%). Neurocognitive disorders in diabetics were influenced by age ≥ 60 years, hypertension, lack of secure financial income, stroke and duration of diabetes more than 5 years. DM remained, after adjustment for various factors, a risk factor for neurocognitive disorders with an adjusted OR = 3.63, 95% CI [1.86-6.70] and a p = 0.0001.Conclusion. Diabetics are more prone to neurocognitive disorders than non-diabetics. Risk factors that may influence the occurrenceof these disorders have been identified

Content Validity and Test-Retest Reliability of the Gujarati Version of the Central Sensitization Inventory.

Background: Central sensitization (CS) is a state of heightened sensitivity of the central nervous system to both noxious and non-noxious stimuli. The Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI) is a sound screening tool to help clinicians to detect patients with CS. To date, no Gujarati version exists. Objectives: The aim of this study was to translate and cross-culturally adapt the CSI into Gujarati, and to check content validity, face validity, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, agreement and minimum detectable change (MDC) of CSI-G in chronic low back pain (CLBP) patients. Methods: Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the original English version of the CSI-G was performed according to published guidelines. The content validity was ascertained by 23 healthcare professionals. The internal consistency, test-retest reliability, agreement and MDC was determined on CLBP patients (n=31) with a time interval of 7-days. Results: The content validity and Face validity was found to be excellent. The internal consistency was excellent (Cronbach’s α=0.914) and MDC was found to be 5.092 points. The test-retest reliability showed very high correlation in CLBP patients (ICC = 0.971). Conclusion: The original CSI was translated into Gujarati and did not pose any problems during data acquisition. The CSI-G seems to be reliable instruments to measure CS in Gujarati patients with CLBP. [Bid D NJIRM 2016; 7(5):18-24]

Acupuncture-assisted Anesthesia Describe Cerebral State Index under the Steady-state Anesthesia of Sevoflurane / 浙江中医药大学学报

Objective]To investigate the effect of acupuncture-assisted anesthesia on cerebral state index(CSI) under the steady-state anesthesia of sevoflurane. [Methods] Fifty patients scheduled for elective knee arthroscopy operation were randomly divided into two groups with 25 in each. All patients were induced with sevoflurane, the end-tidal concentrations of sevoflurane in two groups were adjusted to 1.0 MAC and maintained for 15 min after tracheal intubation, acupuncture-assisted anesthesia was used on the affected side in group A, Yanglingquan(GB34) and Zusanli(ST36) were selected as the acupoints. The positive and negative electrodes of the electropuncture apparatus(G8650) were respectively connected with Yanglingquan(GB34) and Zusanli(ST36). People reccived transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation with condensation-rarefaction wave(2/15 Hz, 8~12mA) untill the end of operation, patiant's body types SBP, SDP, MAP, HR and CSI were recorded at lying still for 5 min(T1), steady state of sevoflurane(T2), acupuncture-assisted anesthesia after 20 and 30 min(T3, T4). [Results] SBP, DBP, MBP, HR and CSI at T3~T4 were significantly lower in group A than those in group B and T2(P<0.05). [Conclusion]Acupuncture-assisted anesthesia can reduce the CSI under the steady-state anesthesia of sevoflurane and lower blood pressure and heart rate at the same time.

The correlation between glucocorticoid and caries / 实用口腔医学杂志

Objective:To observe the changes of salivary Lysozyme (LZM),immunoglobulin A (IgA),lactate dehydrogenase (LDH),mean grey values (MGVs)of hard tissue of teeth and caries index(CSI)in patients after oral administration of glucocorticoid (GC).Methods:30 patients with oral administration of GC were included.The mixed saliva samples before and after 6 and 12 months of GC treatment were collected.LZMand IgA and LDH were examined.Surface layer panaorama films were taken and MGVs of hard tissue of teeth were measured.The decayed,missing and filled tooth(DMFT),decayed,missing and filled surface (DMFS), CSI were recorded.The same indexes were obtained from 30 age and gender matched healthy subjects as the control data.All statisti-cal analyses were performed using SPSS 17.0 software package.Results:After taking GC orally,the concentration of LZM,IgA and MGVs of hard tissue of teeth in the patients were lower than those in the controls(P <0.05),the LDH concentration,DMFT,DMFS and CSI in the patients were increased(P <0.05).In the patients the MGVs of hard tissue of teeth was negatively correlated with DM-FT,DMFS and CSI(P <0.01),LDH concentration was positively correlated with CSI(P <0.01),the concentration of LZMand IgA were negatively correlated with CSI(P <0.05).No change of the indexes was found in the controls.Conclusion:Oral administration of GC may increase DMFT,DMFS and CSI,decrease MGVs of hard tissue of teeth significantly reduce,the patients may be under higher risk of caries.

Origin of Proteinuria as Observed from Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Serum and Urinary Proteins

It is well known that proteins present in the primary urine are reabsorbed in the renal proximal tubules, and that this reabsorption is mediated via the megalincubilin complex and the neonatal Fcgamma receptor. However, the reabsorption is also thought to be influenced by an electrostatic interaction between protein molecules and the microvilli of the renal proximal tubules. By analyzing the charge diversity of urinary IgG, we showed that this reabsorption process occurs in a cationic charge-preferential manner. The charge-selective molecular sieving function of the glomerular capillary walls has long been a target of research since Brenner et al. demonstrated the existence of this function by a differential clearance study by using the anionic dextran sulfate polymer. However, conclusive evidence was not obtained when the study was performed using differential clearance of serum proteins. We noted that immunoglobulin (Ig) A and IgG have similar molecular sizes but distinct molecular isoelectric points. Therefore, we studied the differential clearance of these serum proteins (clearance IgA/ clearance IgG) in podocyte diseases and glomerulonephritis. In addition, we studied this differential clearance in patients with Dent disease rather than in normal subjects because the glomerular sieving function is considered to be normal in subjects with Dent disease. Our results clearly showed that the charge-selective barrier is operational in Dent disease, impaired in podocyte disease, and lacking in glomerulonephritis.

Three-dimensional Chemical Shift Imaging with PRESS Excitation and Spiral Readouts

PURPOSE: We developed a 3D CSI (chemical shift imaging) sequence that uses the PRESS (point resolved spectroscopy) excitation scheme and spiral-based readout gradients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We implemented constant-density spirals (32x32 matrix, 24 x24 cm FOV) which use analytic equations to enable real-time prescription on the scanner. In-vivo data from the brain were collected and reconstructed using the gridding algorithm. RESULTS: Data illustrate that with our imaging sequence, the benefits of the PRESS technique, which include elimination of lipid artifacts, remain intact while flexible scan time versus resolution tradeoffs can be achieved using the constant-density spirals. Volumetric high resolution 3D CSI covering 5760 cm3 could be obtained in 12.5 minutes. CONCLUSION: Spiral-based readout gradients offer a flexible tradeoff between scan time versus resolution. By combining this feature with PRESS based excitation, efficient methods of volumetric spectroscopic imaging can be accomplished by obtaining whole brain coverage while eliminating lipid contamination.

Cerebral State Index for Monitoring the Depth of General Anesthesia for the Elderly with Laryngeal Mask Anesthesia / 医学研究杂志

Objective To study the feasibility of cerebral state index(CSI)modulating the depth of general anesthesia in the elderly with laryngeal mask anesthesia.Methods Tmenty-four ASA physical status of Ⅱ-Ⅲ patients undergoing selective lower abdominal surgery were divided two groups with 12 cases.The anesthesia was induced by sufentanil、 propofuland maintained with TCI propofol.The depth of anesthesia was modulated by CSI index in group I or by hemodynamics in group Ⅱ.HR、SBP、DBP、MAP and CSI were recorded.The time of awakening form anesthesia(the time when OAA/S reached 4 score after the drawal of propofol)and the dosage of propofol and fentanyl were recored.Results The time of awakening from anesthesia was 16?5min in group Ⅱ,which was significantly longer than that in group I(P

CT Simulation Technique for Craniospinal Irradiation in Supine Position / 대한방사선종양학회지

PURPOSE: In order to perform craniospinal irradiation (CSI) in the supine position on patients who are unable to lie in the prone position, a new simulation technique using a CT simulator was developed and its availability was evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A CT simulator and a 3-D conformal treatment planning system were used to develop CSI in the supine position. The head and neck were immobilized with a thermoplastic mask in the supine position and the entire body was immobilized with a Vac-Loc. A volumetric image was then obtained using the CT simulator. In order to improve the reproducibility of the patients' setup, datum lines and points were marked on the head and the body. Virtual fluoroscopy was performed with the removal of visual obstacles such as the treatment table or the immobilization devices. After the virtual simulation, the treatment isocenters of each field were marked on the body and the immobilization devices at the conventional simulation room. Each treatment field was confirmed by comparing the fluoroscopy images with the digitally reconstructed radiography (DRR)/digitally composite radiography (DCR) images from the virtual simulation. The port verification films from the first treatment were also compared with the DRR/DCR images for a geometrical verification. RESULTS: CSI in the supine position was successfully performed in 9 patients. It required less than 20 minutes to construct the immobilization device and to obtain the whole body volumetric images. This made it possible to not only reduce the patients' inconvenience, but also to eliminate the position change variables during the long conventional simulation process. In addition, by obtaining the CT volumetric image, critical organs, such as the eyeballs and spinal cord, were better defined, and the accuracy of the port designs and shielding was improved. The differences between the DRRs and the portal films were less than 3 mm in the vertebral contour. CONCLUSION: CSI in the supine position is feasible in patients who cannot lie on prone position, such as pediatric patients under the age of 4 years, patients with a poor general condition, or patients with a tracheostomy.

Clinical Application of ~1H-MRS in Craniocerebral Tumor / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To investigate ~1H-MRS findings of brain tumor and the clinical application of ~1H-MRS.Methods 80patients with brain tumors clinically or pathologically-proved underwent ~1H-MRS.Normal opposite hemispheres in 30 cases were used as control group.Single voxel spectroscopy(SVS) or 2D-MRS imaging was performed with excited echo sequence.The mean ratio of metabolisms with difference was compared.Results Compared with control group,NAA of tumor decreased in certain degree(P

Nutrient Intakes and Cholesterol-Saturated Fat Indices of Foods Accompanied by Drinking Alcohol in Industrial Workers

The present study was conducted to evaluate nutrient intakes of industrial workers with hyperlipidemia and cholesterol-saturated fat indices(CSI) of their daily meals and various side dishes accompanied with alcohol. Thirty eight male subjects of 41.0+/-6.5 years whose average serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels were 222.9+/-37.7 and 282.3+/-139.3mg/dl were interviewed on daily intakes of foods and drinking habits including types and amounts of side dishes using 24-hour recall and questionnaire methods. Average energy habits including twenty six non-drinkers and twelve drinkers were 2365+/-416 and 2822+/-417kcal, respectively but intakes of other nutrients were not very different between two groups. Carotene intakes was, however, low in drinkers. Intakes of saturated fat, cholesterol and CSI of subjects' daily meals were 15.4+/-5.4g, 229+/-114mg and 27.1+/-10.4 for non-drinkers and 18.7+/-7.8g, 238+/-69mg and 30.8+/-9.8 for drinkers. CSI of their daily meals varied from 10 to 60 without much differences in energy values and were positively correlated with serum cholesterol levels(r=0.2606, p<0.05). Average alcohol intakes obtained from subjects' drinking habit was 89.5+/-46.8g per day and major side dish was roasted beef giving 660+/-234kcal of energy and 24.3+/-8.0 of CSI. From the present study, it is concluded that industrial workers are more prone to have hyperlipidemic diets due to alcohol. To improve their diet and health, an appropriate nutrition education should be necessary and CSI of various Korean foods and meals can be used as handy self-control education tool.

Customer Satisfaction Index of Business & Industry Foodservice Operations in Pusan and Kyeung Nam Area

The purpose of this study was to compare the customer satisfaction index(CSI) between 8 self-operated foodservices and 6 contract fooodservices in Pusan and the Kyeung Nam area. There were 438 subjects for self-operated foodservices, and 384 for contract foodservices. The questionnaire was used in this study as a survey method and was concerned with quality of food(I)(II), sanitation, facilities, information service, and employee sevice area. Data from customers were analyzed by using the SPSSPC+ program, and in terms of frequency, and t-test. The results are as follows; 1. Sanitation was the most important factor in both self-operated and contract foodservices. 2. Contract foodservices showed a higher mean rating in both facilities and employee service than did self-operated foodservices in the satisfaction. 3. In self-operated foodservices, men had a significantly(p>0.05) higher CSI in all areas then women, but contract foodservices did not have this difference. 4. Contract foodservices had a higher CSI in quality of food(I), sanitation, facilities, information service, and employee service area, and was also in higher total CSI, than self-operated foodservices.

CSI:New Factor for Marketing Competition of Pharmaceutical Enterprises / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To study the new factor for marketing competition of pharmaceutical enterprises-CSI.METHO_DS:Analysis was based on the domestic and foreign documents,and combined with the actual situations of pharmaceutical enterprises in China.RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:Only by increasing the level of CSI and establishing the CS ideas,do the medical enterprises succeed in the furiously competitive market.