Inhalation of Cananga odorata essential oil relieves anxiety behaviors in autism-like rats via regulation of serotonin and dopamine metabolism / 中西医结合学报

OBJECTIVE@#Anxiety is one of the most common symptoms associated with autistic spectrum disorder. The essential oil of Cananga odorata (Lam.) Hook. f. & Thomson, usually known as ylang-ylang oil (YYO), is often used in aromatherapy as a mood-regulating agent, sedative, or hypotensive agent. In the present study, the effects and mechanisms of YYO in alleviating anxiety, social and cognitive behaviors in autism-like rats were investigated.@*METHODS@#The prenatal valproic acid (VPA) model was used to induce autism-like behaviors in offspring rats. The effectiveness of prenatal sodium valproate treatment (600 mg/kg) on offspring was shown by postnatal growth observation, and negative geotaxis, olfactory discrimination and Morris water maze (MWM) tests. Then three treatment groups were formed with varying exposure to atomized YYO to explore the effects of YYO on the anxiety, social and cognitive behaviors of the autistic-like offspring through the elevated plus-maze test, three-chamber social test, and MWM test. Finally, the monoamine neurotransmitters, including serotonin, dopamine and their metabolites, in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex (PFC) of the rats were measured using a high-performance liquid chromatography.@*RESULTS@#Offspring of VPA exposure rats showed autism-like behaviors. In the VPA offspring, medium-dose YYO exposure significantly elevated the time and entries into the open arms in the elevated plus-maze test, while low-dose YYO exposure significantly enhanced the social interaction time with the stranger rat in session 1 of the three-chamber social test. VPA offspring treated with YYO exposure used less time to reach the platform in the navigation test of the MWM test. YYO exposure significantly elevated the metabolism of serotonin and dopamine in the PFC of VPA offspring.@*CONCLUSION@#YYO exposure showed the effects in alleviating anxiety and improving cognitive and social abilities in the offspring of VPA exposure rats. The role of YYO was related to the regulation of the metabolism of serotonin and dopamine. Please cite this article as: Zhang N, Wang ST, Yao L. Inhalation of Cananga odorata essential oil relieves anxiety behaviors in autism-like rats via regulation of serotonin and dopamine metabolism. J Integr Med. 2023; 21(2): 205-214.

Plant extracts as natural photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy: in vitro activity against human mammary adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells

Objective To examine three plant extracts [Lumnitzera racemosa (Combretaceae) (L. racemosa), Albizia procera (Fabaceae) (A. procera) and Cananga odorata (Annonaceae)] for their potential as source of photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy. Methods Human mammary adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cells were treated with the plant extracts, which were irradiated with 5.53 mW and 0.553 mW broadband light. Cell viability was assessed using MTT assay and induction of apoptosis was determined using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-dUTP nick end labeling assay. Results The crude ethanolic extracts, independently, were nontoxic against cancer and non-cancer cells but when irradiated with 5.53 mW broadband light, L. racemosa and A. procera extracts were cytotoxic against MCF-7 with IC

Plant extracts as natural photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy: in vitro activity against human mammary adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells

Objective:To examine three plant extracts [Lumnitzera racemosa (Combretaceae)(L.racemosa),Albizia procera (Fabaceae) (A.procera) and Cananga odorata (Annonaceae)] tor their potential as source of photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy.Methods:Human mammary adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cells were treated with the plant extracts,which were irradiated with 5.53 mW and 0.553 mW broadband light.Cell viability was assessed using MTT assay and induction of apoptosis was determined using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-dUTP nick end labeling assay.Results:The crude ethanolic extracts,independently,were nontoxic against cancer and non-cancer cells but when irradiated with 5.53 mW broadband light,L.racemosa and A.procera extracts were cytotoxic against MCF-7 with IC50 of 1 1.63 μg/mL and 10.73 μg/mL,respectively.With 0.553 mW broadband light,the IC50 values were higher at 17.14 μg/mL and 19.59 μg/mL,respectively.Photoactivated L.racemosa and A.procera extracts were found to be more cytotoxic against MCF-7 than the non-cancer cell line,human dermal fibroblast-neonatal.Moreover,the cytotoxicity of the cxtracts was mediated by apoptosis.Conclusions:Two of the plant extracts used,L.race mosa and A.procera were toxic and induced apoptosis to mammary cell adenocarcinoma,MCF-7 when photoactivated.These extracts were also more toxic to human cancer than non-cancer cell lines.

Evaluation of anti-infl ammatory activity of ethanolic extract of Cananga odorata Lam in experimental animals.

Background: The current study evaluates the anti-infl ammatory activity of ethanolic extract of Cananga odorata Lam (EECO) in experimental animals. Methods: Acute toxicity test was done following OECD guidelines. Carrageenan induced paw edema method in Wistar Albino rats were used in this study. Aspirin in the dose of 300 mg/kg was used as the standard drug and three doses of EECO (100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg b.w. p.o) were used as the test drug. The results were measured at 1st hr, 3rd hr and 5th hr after carrageenan injection. Results: EECO in the doses of 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg showed highly signifi cant anti-infl ammatory activity (p<0.001) (p<0.001) (p<0.001) at 3rd hr and (p<0.001) (p<0.001) (p<0.001) 5th hr, respectively. In doses of 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 400 mg/kg of EECO showed the percentage of inhibition of 62.9% which is more than the standard drug aspirin, which showed 60.14% inhibition. Conclusion: EECO has signifi cant anti-infl ammatory activity.

Aromatherapy with ylang ylang for anxiety and self-esteem: a pilot study / Aderência ao tratamento por estatinas e fatores associados em usuárias do Sistema Único de Saúde / Aromaterapia con ylang-ylang para la ansiedad y autoestima: un estudio piloto

Objective: To verify if the use of ylang ylang essential oil by cutaneous application or inhalation alters the anxiety and self-esteem perception and physiological parameters as blood pressure and temperature. Method : A pilot study with 34 professionals from a nursing group randomized in three groups: one received the ylang ylang essential oil by cutaneous application, the second received through inhalation and the third (placebo) received the ylang ylang essence through cutaneous application. The assessment was done by an Anxiety Inventory (IDATE) and the Dela Coleta self-esteem scale, applied on baseline, after 30, 60 and 90 days and after 15 days post-intervention (follow up). Results : In the pre and post-intervention intergroup analysis, there was a significant difference in self-esteem for the three groups (p values: G1=0.014; G2=0.016; G3=0.038). There were no differences in the analysis between groups for anxiety or for physiological parameters. Conclusion : It was found significant alterations only to the intergroup perception of self-esteem for the three groups.
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Objetivo: Verificar si el uso del aceite esencial de ylang ylang por medio de la aplicación cutánea o la inhalación altera la percepción de la ansiedad y autoestima, así como de los parámetros fisiológicos de presión arterial y temperatura corporal. Método : Estudio piloto en el cual participaron 34 profesionales de enfermería distribuidos en tres grupos: el primero recibió aceite esencial por vía tópica, el segundo por vía inhalatoria y el tercero (placebo) esencia de ylang ylang por vía tópica. La evaluación se realizó aplicando el Inventario de Ansiedad (IDATE) y la Escala de Autoestima de Dela Coleta antes y después de 30, 60 y 90 días y 15 días después del período de uso. Resultados : En la evaluación intra grupo, antes y después de la intervención, hubo diferencias significativas para los tres grupos en la variable autoestima (valores p: G1=0,014; G2=0,016; G3=0,038). No hubo diferencias en los análisis entre grupos para la ansiedad o para los parámetros fisiológicos. Conclusión : Hubo solamente cambios significativos en la percepción de la autoestima intra grupo para los tres grupos.

Objetivo: Verificar se o uso do óleo essencial de ylang ylang por meio de aplicação cutânea ou inalatória altera a percepção da ansiedade e da autoestima e os parâmetros fisiológicos como pressão arterial e temperatura. Método: Estudo piloto no qual participaram 34 profissionais da equipe de enfermagem randomizados em três grupos: um recebeu o óleo essencial de ylang ylang via cutânea, o segundo o recebeu via inalatória e o terceiro (placebo) recebeu essência de ylang ylang via cutânea. A avaliação foi feita por meio do Inventário de Ansiedade (IDATE) e da escala de autoestima de Dela Coleta que foram aplicadas antes, ao final de 30, 60 e 90 dias e 15 dias (follow up) após o término do uso.Resultados: Na avaliação intragrupo, antes e após a intervenção, houve diferença significante para os três grupos na variável autoestima (valores de p: G1=0,014; G2=0,016; G3=0,038). Não houve diferenças nas análises entre grupos para a ansiedade ou para os parâmetros fisiológicos. Conclusão: Houve alterações significativas apenas na percepção da ansiedade intragrupo para os três grupos. 
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