Résumé
@#Among many factors affecting dental caries, bacteria are its initiating factor. From the perspective of ecological plaque hypothesis, the application of modern molecular biology methods enable scholars to deeply explore the relationship between the microbial population distribution, biodiversity, microbial community changes of dental plaque biofilm and the occurrence of dental caries in children. The decrease in microflora diversity is closely related to the occurrence of dental caries, which can be detected as early as 6 months before the occurrence of dental caries, providing an important basis for caries monitoring and caries risk assessment. Differential bacteria such as Lactobacillus and Veillonella may be used as biomarkers of caries in children to judge the risk of caries in children. However, current studies have shown that the dominant bacteria in the microbial community structure vary in different processes of caries occurrence and development, that the interaction between different flora is still not clear, and that the specific cariogenic mechanism of the oral plaque microbial community in the process of caries occurrence and development has not been clarified. Further research is still needed to explore the changes in plaque microbial diversity and composition during the development of dental caries and to screen specific dental caries biomarkers. This paper also summarizes the related research findings.
Résumé
@#Radioactive caries is the most common complication of head and neck cancer after radiotherapy. It is a rapidly progressing and widespread destructive disease of tooth tissue after radiotherapy. It is currently believed that salivary gland dysfunction and direct damage to teeth by radiation are the main pathogenic factors of radiation caries. In this paper, the pathogenesis of radiation caries, especially the effect of radiotherapy on oral caries-related microorganisms, are reviewed, and future research directions are proposed. Existing research has revealed that the structures of oral microorganisms change significantly after radiotherapy. The number and proportion of some dental caries-related microorganisms such as Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus lactis and Candida albicans increased, and their virulence increased. This indicated that the changes in oral microorganisms caused by radiotherapy played an important role in radioactive caries.
Résumé
Os Etreptococcos do Grupo Mutans são um dos principais microorganismos envolvidos no processo carioso e colonizam a cavidade bucal de bebês após a irrupção dos primeiros dentes decíduos. Esse grupo bacteriano pode tanto ser transmitido, quanto avaliado através da saliva, sendo a mãe a principal fonte desta transmissão para a criança. Partindo desse princípio, propôs-se neste estudo, avaliar a relação níveis salivares de EGM de 20 pares mãe e filho. As amostras salivares foram obtidas após aprovação do Comitê de Ética da UFRJ e transportadas em isopor com gelo para o laboratório de microbiologia oral do Instituto de Microbiologia da UFRJ, onde foram processados. De cada placa de MSB, efetuou-se a contagem das unidades formadoras de colônia (UFC) de Estreptococcos do Grupo Mutans. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente, através do cálculo do coeficiente de Pearson. Os resultados evidenciaram a correlação positiva entre os níveis de EGM na saliva de mães e seus respectivos filhos e a amostra estudada revelou 100% de altos níveis salivares. O tratamento odontológico do bebê/criança deve abranger a mãe, para sua efetivação em termos de saúde.
The S. mutans are one of the principal microorganisms involved in the etiology and development of caries process. These microorganisms colonized babies mouth after the deciduous teeth irruption. S. mutans may be transmitted and analyzed through saliva. Since mother is involved in these bacterial transmit ion, the aim of this study was to evaluated the relation between 20 pairs of mother and their child .Salivary samples were colleted by aspiration and processed in the microbiological lab of microbiology of federal University of Rio de Janeiro. In each plates, it was calculated the number of Colony Forming Units of S.Mutans.The data where analyzed through Pearson coefficient. The results shown positive correlation between salivary levels of S. Mutans from mothers and their child and 100% of the sample had high S.Mutans salivary levels. The Dental treatment in babies and child need to involve and treat the mothers in order to achieve health.