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@#AIM: To analysis the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of ocular trauma in Shaanxi and surrounding areas, and provide research support for the formulation of prevention and treatment measures for ocular trauma. METHODS: Retrospective study. The general data and clinical data of 1 723 unilateral ocular trauma patients(1 723 eyes)admitted to our hospital from January 2 018 to April 2 020 were collected to establish the ocular trauma database and analyzed.RESULTS: Among the 1 723 cases(1 723 eyes)of ocular trauma patients, young and middle-aged patients(20-59 years old)accounted for the majority(1 149 eyes, 66.69%)and mainly were male patients(1 392 eyes, 80.79%), and the vast majority of patients came from rural areas(1 270 eyes, 73.71%)and engaged in manual labor(1 288 eyes, 74.75%). The main causes of ocular trauma were blunt tools(511 eyes, 29.66%), sharp objects(423 eyes, 24.55%), splashing metal(non-metal)foreign bodies(299 eyes, 17.35%), falling(183 eyes, 10.62%), <i>etc</i>. The main places of injury were workplaces(633 eyes, 36.74%), farming places(474 eyes, 27.51%), residential homes(302 eyes, 17.53%), public places(248 eyes, 14.39%), <i>etc</i>. The main type of ocular trauma was open globe injury(1 311 eyes, 76.09%), and the main therapy was surgical treatment(1 638 eyes, 95.07%). Logistic analysis found that age, post-injury visit time, types of ocular trauma, complications of ocular trauma, history of ocular trauma were all important factors influencing prognosis of ocular trauma patients(<i>P</i><0.05). CONCLUSION: Ocular trauma in Shaanxi and surrounding areas has characteristics of age, sex, place of residence, and occupation. For special occupations and special populations, timely targeted health education and prevention measures should be taken to reduce the incidence of ocular trauma. In addition, the timely treatment of ocular trauma can help improve the prognosis of patients.
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The suboccipital muscle group has been paid more and more attention by the rehabilitation community. Its special junction and special structure make many diseases and symptoms have important association with it. This article will introduce the research progress of suboccipital muscle group from four parts: anatomy, physiological function, common cause of injury and clinical application.
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Objective To analysis the cause of injury of traumatic optic neuropathy and explore the main factors affecting the prognosis of visual acuity. Methods We retrospectively collected clinical data of 104 cases (108) of traumat-ic optic neuropathy from January 2007 to December 2012 in the Renhe Hospital of Three Gorges University. We then ex-amined the cause of injury and analyzed risk factors for poor prognosis of visual acuity in traumatic optic neuropathy us-ing multivariate Logistic regression analysis. Results The mean age of patients was 33.6 ± 12.8 years and 95 cases (91.3%) were males. The injury was mainly caused by non-motor vehicle and motor vehicle accidents (84 cases, 80.8%). Most of the patients came to the hospital within 3 days after the injury (81 cases, 77.9%). Overall efficacy rate of treat-ment was 45.4%(49/108). The effective rate was 29.9%(20/67) for visual acuity without light perception and 70.7%(29/41) for visual acuity with light perception, respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed that the time to treatment≥24h, orbital hemorrhage or orbital fracture, ethmoid or sphenoid sinus bleeding and no light perception vision were an in-dependent prognostic factors. Conclusion Time to treatment time and severity of injury are the independent risk factors for poor visual prognosis of traumatic optic neuropathy whereas controlling these risk factors has important clinical signifi-cance to the treatment and prognosis of traumatic optic neuropathy.
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PURPOSE: To evaluate the differences of associated factors in thoracolumbar fractures according to the mechanism of injury, level and type of the fracture, associated injuries were investigated for comparison between injuries by fall from height and by in-car accident injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Medical records and X-ray findings of 249 patients with fractures of thoracolumbar spine were reviewed retrospectively. Among them, 169 patients were injured by the two main causes. McAfee classification was adopted to determine the type of fracture. Associated injuries were classified as head and neck, chest and abdomen, pelvis, proximal and distal extremity, and neurologic deficit. Statistical analysis using Chi-square method was used for comparison between the two groups. RESULTS: In overall patients, the most common cause of thoracolumbar fracture was fall from height (44.6%) followed by in-car accident (23.3%) and fall down (16.9%). In fall-from height gruoup, burst fracture was the most common (44.1%) while flexion-distraction injury was the most popular (39.7%) in in-car accident group (p=0.05). Comparison according to height of fall showed significant increase of multiple fractures (p=0.0326). Associated injuries of distal lower and upper extremities and pelvis were common in fall-from-height group, while injuries of head and neck, proximal part of upper extremity, chest and abdomen were common in in-car accident patients. CONCLUSION: Type of fracture and distribution of associated injuries were significantly different between the two main causes of thoracolumbar injury, which seemed to be useful for understanding the mechanical events of injury and detecting associated injuries in each victim.