The clinical analysis of 146 cases of solitary pulmonary nodules / 重庆医学

Objective To study the relationship between the clinical imaging manifestations and the judgement of benign and malignant of solitary pulmonary nodules (SPN) .Methods A retrospective analysis of 146 patients with SPN which confirmed by pathological diagnosis .According to SPN diameter all SPN were divided into three groups ,the number of SPN which diameter smal-ler than 0 .8 cm were 16 case ,> 0 .8 - 1 .5 cm were 41 cases ,> 1 .5 - 3 .0 cm were 89 cases .Collect patients′ age ,sex ,smoking his-tory ,clinical symptoms and imaging data ,and analyze its relationship with pathological results .Results All the 146 patients were pathological diagnosis ,benign in 52 cases (35 .6% ) ,malignant in 94 cases (64 .4% ) .As the diameter increases ,the malignant rate increased .There was statistical significance in benign and malignant lesions with smoking history and clinical symptoms (P< 0 . 05) .Whether SPN boundary is clear ,have lobulation ,burr ,pleural indentation syndrome and vessel convergence in benign and ma-lignant lesions were statistically significant (P< 0 .05) .Conclusion The feature size and imaging performance of SPN has important reference value for the judgement of benign and malignant .The positive intervention to SPN have great significance on improve sur -vival rate of lung cancer .

Diseño de liposomas para el transporte de diclofenac sódico / Design of liposomes as carriers for sodium diclofenac

El objetivo de este trabajo es diseñar y preparar liposomas convencionales que contengan un fármaco anfifílico. Para ello, se diseñó una formulación de este tipo de liposomas preparados mediante el método de agitación manual. La optimización de la distribución de tamaño liposomal se realizó por dos métodos: sonicación y extrusión. Este último generó liposomas de menor diámetro medio y menor rango de diámetros, siendo el de elección para obtener liposomas de un fármaco anfifílico modelo (diclofenac sódico). Su incorporación se realizó en la membrana lipídica y en el volumen acuoso de los liposomas, y en cada caso se compararon los porcentajes de captura y distribución de tamaños. Ambas determinaciones resultaron similares para los dos tipos de liposomas. También se determinó la cesión de ambos tipos de diclofenac liposomal y se compararon entre ellas con una solución del fármaco libre. Las cesiones de los dos tipos de diclofenac liposomal fueron comparables mientras que ambas difirieron significativamente de la del fármaco libre.

The goal of this work is to design and prepare conventional liposomes containing an amphiphillic drug. Conventional liposomes were prepared by hand shaken method.The liposomal distribution size was optimized by sonication and extrusion. Extrusion produced the lower mean diameter and the lower diameter range, so it was chosen for the preparation of liposomes containing a model amphiphilic drug (sodium diclofenac). The drug encapsulation was performed in the liposomes lipidic bilayer and in the aqueous volume. The capture percentage and size distribution were compared for each case. Both determinations were similar for both kinds of liposomes. The cession was determined for each kind of liposomes containing diclofenac and compared between them and a solution of free drug. The cessions were similar for both liposomal formulation and they were very different from free drug cession.