Application of Probiotics in the Treatment of Common Enteritis Disease / 沈阳医学院学报

The abuse of the antibiotics causes many negative effects of human ecological environment. Probiotics can be eaten as food additives and maintain the balance of theintestinal flora. Because of the various physiological functions,probiotics can be used as micro?ecological preparation to cooperating with prebiotics and synbiotics in keeping microecological balance and improving the health level of the host. Probiotics,which are composed of a sufficient amount of non?pathogenic bacteria,can maintain the micro?ecological balance by improving the microbial flora on the surface of the host mucosa. In view of the positive roles,probiotics,such as Bifidobacterium and Bacillus,are wildly used as adjuvant therapy preparation in clinical treatment .

Stanniocalcin-1 protects bovine intestinal epithelial cells from oxidative stress-induced damage

Chronic enteritis can produce an excess of reactive oxygen species resulting in cellular damage. Stanniocalcin-1(STC-1) reportedly possesses anti-oxidative activity, the aim of this study was to define more clearly the direct contribution of STC-1 to anti-oxidative stress in cattle. In this study, primary intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) were exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for different time intervals to mimic chronic enteritis-induced cellular damage. Prior to treatment with 200 microM H2O2, the cells were transfected with a recombinant plasmid for 48 h to over-express STC-1. Acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) double staining and trypan blue exclusion assays were then performed to measure cell viability and apoptosis of the cells, respectively. The expression of STC-1 and apoptosis-related proteins in the cells was monitored by real-time PCR and Western blotting. The results indicated that both STC-1 mRNA and protein expression levels positively correlated with the duration of H2O2 treatment. H2O2 damaged the bovine IECs in a time-dependent manner, and this effect was attenuated by STC-1 over-expression. Furthermore, over-expression of STC-1 up-regulated Bcl-2 protein expression and slightly down-regulated caspase-3 production in the damaged cells. Findings from this study suggested that STC-1 plays a protective role in intestinal cells through an antioxidant mechanism.

Retención de cápsula endoscópica como complicación de enteritis actínica: reporte de un caso / Retention of capsule endoscopy as a complication of radiation enteritis: a case report

La cápsula endoscópica es un método, que ha modificado el enfoque diagnóstico de numerosos procesos patológicos en el intestino delgado, sin embargo presenta complicaciones como la retención de la misma. Se estima en la literatura mundial que esta suele ocurrir en menos del 2% de los casos. Femenino de 40 años de edad, con antecedente de cáncer de cuello uterino (2011) en tratamiento con quimioterapia, radioterapia convencional y braquiterapia, que presenta cuadro clínico caracterizado por dolor urente en mesogastrio, y emesis de aspecto biliosos. Ruidos hidroaéreos presentes, dolor a la palpación de mesogastrio sin irritación peritoneal. Radiografía de abdomen y ecosonograma abdominal normales. TAC abdomino pélvica con contraste oral con adecuada progresión de contraste hasta el recto. Se practica gastroscopia y colonoscopia sin evidencia de alteraciones. En vista de persistencia de sintomatología se indica realización de cápsula endoscópica observando en íleon distal, a los 246 minutos del paso duodenal, área muy congestiva, con una úlcera circunferencial friable, que no permite el avance de la misma. Se indica tratamiento médico con laxantes por 72 horas, el cual es infructuoso, por lo cual es llevada a mesa operatoria por presentar signos francos de obstrucción intestinal. Los hallazgos fueron: adherencias en flanco y fosa ilíaca derecha, las cuales fueron liberadas, y segmento de íleon a 10 cm de la válvula ileocecal con inflamación franca, practicándose resección y anastomosis termino-lateral. El estudio histopatológico reportó enteritis crónica activa exulcerada, necrosis fibrinoide de pequeños vasos, y fibrosis en la submucosa. Paciente con post-operatorio exitoso decidiéndose el egreso de la institución. Excelente correlación entre los hallazgos de la cápsula endoscópica y la intervención quirúrgica. Los hallazgos de la cirugía se encuentran relacionados al uso de radioterapia convencional, por lo cual recomendamos la realización de pexia...

Capsule endoscopy is a method that has changed the diagnostic approach to many pathological processes in the small intestine, but it has complications such as retention of the same, is estimated in the literature that this usually occurs in less than 2% cases. Women 40 years of age, with a history of cervical cancer (2011) undergoing chemotherapy, conventional radiation therapy, and brachytherapy, presenting clinical picture characterized by burning pain in midgut, and bilious emesis aspect. Present bowel sounds, tenderness of mesogastrium without peritoneal irritation. Abdominal radiography and abdominal ultrasonography normal. Pelvic CT with oral contrast Abdomino with progression adequate contrast to the rectum. Gastroscopy and colonoscopy was performed without evidence of tampering. In view of the persistence of symptoms embodiment shown in watching endoscopic capsule distal ileum, to 246 minutes of step duodenal study, very congestive area with a circumferential friable ulcer which does not allow the advance thereof. Indicated medical treatment with laxatives for 72 hours being fruitless, operating table being carried by presenting overt signs of intestinal obstruction. The findings were: adhesions flank and right lower quadrant, which were released and ileal segment 10 cm from the ileocecal valve with frank inflammation resection and end-side anastomosis. Histopathological study reported chronic active enteritis exulcerada, fibrinoid necrosis of small vessels, and fibrosis in the submucosa. Postoperative patient deciding successful graduation from the institution. Excellent correlation between the findings of capsule endoscopy and surgery. The findings at surgery are related to the use of conventional radiotherapy, so we recommend an pexia of the organs that are in the radiation field, prior to it, and intestinal transit before indicating capsule endoscopy

Paratuberculosis bovina: ¿conocemos la situación real de la enfermedad en la ganadería colombiana / Paratuberculose bovina: Não sabemos a real situação da doença no gado colombiano / Bovine paratuberculosis: ¿Do we know the real situation of this disease in Colombian cattle

El Mycobacterium avium subespecies paratuberculosis (Map) es el agente etiológico causante de una gastroenteritis granulomatosa severa en rumiantes, conocida como paratuberculosis bovina o enfermedad de Johne, caracterizada por la presentación de diarrea persistente y emaciación progresiva, que causan finalmente la muerte. Los animales menores de 6 meses de edad son los más susceptibles a contraer la infección por medio de la ingestión del bacilo a través de la leche o el pasto contaminado, o por vía transplacentaria y a pesar de que excretan el agente en las heces, no presentan signos clínicos antes de 2 a 5 años, tiempo que dura el periodo de incubación. Debido a la falta de tratamiento, cualquier medida de control debe estar enfocada en la identificación de los animales infectados mediante pruebas diagnosticas confiables, que permitan detectar el agente antes del inicio de los signos clínicos para evitar la diseminación de la infección a los animales del mismo hato o a otros, en caso de la venta de animales asintomáticos. La infección es de distribución mundial y es responsable de importantes pérdidas económicas en la industria de la producción bovina. En nuestro medio, se ha documentado la enfermedad en hatos lecheros del municipio de San Pedro de los Milagros (Antioquia), pero se cree que hay muchas otras zonas infectadas, por lo que se requiere el desarrollo de métodos eficientes de detección, diagnóstico y control de la enfermedad. En la presente revisión, se tratarán los aspectos concernientes a la paratuberculosis bovina y finalmente se destacan algunas perspectivas de investigación en esta enfermedad.

Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (Map) is the etiologic agent of a severe granulomatous gastroenteritis in ruminants, known as bovine paratuberculosis or Johne’s disease and characterized by persistent diarrhea and progressive emaciation that finally cause death. Calves under 6 months of age are the most susceptible to this bacterial infection by transplacental route, milk consumption or grassland contaminated feeding and although, they do not show clinical signs until they are 2 to 5 years old (incubation period), they commonly spread Map through their feces. A remarkable difficulty concerning Johne´s disease is its lack of appropriate treatment; therefore any control scheme must be focused in identification of infected animals by reliable diagnostic tests before the appearance of clinical manifestations, in order to avoid dissemination of the infection to animals of the same or different herd, particularly when marketing possible asymptomatic animals. The infection has a worldwide distribution and it is responsible of important economic losses in cattle industry. Bear to us, the disease has been reported in dairy herds of the municipality of San Pedro de los Milagros (Antioquia), but it is thought that there are many other infected regions, which makes more prominent the need of efficient methods for Map detection for rapid diagnosis and efficient control of the dissemination of the infection. In this review, we highlight some important features of bovine paratuberculosis and provide some insight regarding probable research perspectives of this disease.

O Mycobacterium avium subespécie paratuberculose (Map) é o agente que provoca uma severa gastroenterite granulomatosa em ruminantes, conhecida como doença de Johne ou paratuberculose bovina, caracterizada pela apresentação de diarréia persistente e caquexia progressivo, acabou provocando a morte ss animais com menos de 6 meses são os mais suscetíveis a contrair a infecção por tuberculose através da ingestão de leite contaminado ou erva ou via a transmissão e não obstante o facto de o agente excretada nas fezes, não há sinais clínicos antes de 2 a 5 anos, enquanto que o período de incubação dura. Devido à falta de tratamento, qualquer medida de controle deve estar centrada na identificação de animais infectados através de testes de diagnóstico fiável, para identificar o agente antes do início dos sinais clínicos para evitar a disseminação da infecção para os animais do mesmo rebanho ou outros, se a venda de animais assintomáticos. A infecção é distribuída em todo o mundo e é responsável por grandes perdas econômicas para a produção da indústria bovina. Na nossa área, tem documentado a doença em rebanhos leiteiros no município de San Pedro de los Milagros (Antioquia), mas cree que existem muitas outras áreas infectadas, aquilo que é exigido pelo desenvolvimento de métodos eficazes de detecção, diagnóstico e controle de doenças. Nesta revisão, vai tratar dos aspectos relativos à paratuberculose bovina e, finalmente, destaca algumas perspectivas de investigação sobre esta doença.