Evaluation of colemanite as a slow release source of boron fertilizer for potato

Aim: The present study was conducted with an objective to assess the suitability of colemanite (Ca2 B6.O11.5H2O) as a slow release source of boron to potato crop. Methodology: Soil was incubated with boron (1.25 and 2.50 mg kg-1 soil) using borax and colemanite for six weeks. Soil moisture was maintained at 80% field capacity. Soil samples were analyzed weekly for hot-water extractable boron content. Direct and residual effects of borax and colemanite on potato plant growth and boron uptake were studied in pot experiments. Leaf boron concentration was measured by an ICP-OES. Results: In laboratory incubation, although the rate of release of hot water extractable boron from colemanite was slower than borax, it was enough to meet the requirement of potato crop. Application of both the sources of boron increased its content significantly in soil as well as in potato leaves. This study revealed that boron uptake from colemanite was comparable to borax in meeting the boron requirement of potato. Interpretation: Soil incubation and pot experiment studies showed that colemanite is a suitable slow release source of boron fertilizer for potatoes

Use of Aspergillus niger in the bioleaching of colemanite for the production of boric acid

Colemanite is one of the most important underground riches of Turkey, having approximately 60 percent of the world boron deposits, and it has a large portion in the deposits. In this study, chemical leaching and biological leaching methods were used for production of boric acid from colemanite (2CaO · 3B3O3 · 5H2O) (Emet-Kütahya, Turkey). Oxalic acid concentration, temperature, stirring time and solid-to-liquid ratio were taken as parameters in the chemical leaching process. It was found that the dissolution rate increases with increasing oxalic acid concentration and temperature but it decreases at higher solid-to-liquid ratios in the chemical leaching process. Using optimum conditions (d100 = 0.075 mm; 5 percent solids by weight; 0.55 M oxalic acid; 80 +/- 2 ºC leaching temperature; 150 rpm stirring speed; 90 min leaching time) for colemanite sample (28.05 percent B2O3) on chemical leaching with oxalic acid experiments, the calculated boric acid extraction efficiency from colemanite ore was 97.89 percent. Optimum conditions on bioleaching of Emet-Kütahya, Turkey colemanite ores using the fungus Aspergillus niger were found to be as follows: reaction temperature 25 +/- 2ºC; solid-to-liquid ratio 5 percent solids by weight; d100 = 0.075 mm; stirring speed 150 rpm; initial the fungus populations in the inocula about 3 x 10(7) cells/ml and reaction time 21 days. The calculated boric acid extraction efficiency from colemanite ore was 90.18 percent under the optimum conditions. Bioleachate contained 12.95 g/l B2O3, 6.60 g/l Ca and 0.087 g/l Mg. Compared with chemical leaching at 5 percent pulp density, the fungus was less efficient in the extraction of B2O3 from colemanite but the difference in the extraction yields between the two processes was less than 10 percent. Although bioleaching generally requires a longer period of operation compared to chemical leaching, these results suggest that bioleaching by A...