Résumé
Se analizaron las frecuencias alélicas del locus DYS19 provenientes de 5 poblaciones rurales venezolanas deascendencia africana (Panaquire; Sotillo; Curiepe; Birongo; Ganga), y se compararon con otras 3 de ascendencia canaria (San Antonio; San Diego; Hoyo de la Cumbre) y con otras reportadas a nivel mundial, utilizando técnicas multivariantes como el Análisis de Correspondencias Binarias (ACB) y la Clasificación Automática. Se pudieron definir 4 grupos de poblaciones asociados a alelos específicos y diferentes orígenes geográficos. Todas las poblaciones venezolanas se ubicaron en el grupo europeo, lo que indica un flujo génico europeo importante por vía masculina en ellas; no obstante, el uso del ACB y la Clasificación Automática permitió diferenciar en un subgrupo a las 5 poblaciones rurales de ascendencia africana. Los resultados obtenidos reflejan la utilidad de los métodos multivariantes utilizados para maximizar el poder discriminante de loci altamente informativos como el DYS19, cuando no se dispone de recursos para estudiar varios loci simultáneamente. Además ofrecieron la posibilidad de mejorar la calidad de la información genética que se poseía sobre las poblaciones venezolanas estudiadas.
The allelic frequencies of locus DYS19 from 5 rural African-derived Venezuelan populations (Panaquire; Sotillo; Curiepe; Birongo; Ganga) were analyzed, and compared with 3 Canarian-derived Venezuelan populations (San Antonio; San Diego; Hoyo de la Cumbre) and with others reported to worldwide, using multivariate method like Correspondences Analysis and Cluster Analysis. Four population clusters were found to be associated with specific alleles and different geographic origins. All the Venezuelan populations were localized in the European cluster, which indicates the existence in them of an important European gene flow through male. Nevertheless the use of both Correspondences Analysis and Cluster Analysis simultaneously, allowed to differentiate in a sub cluster with the 5 rural African-derived Venezuelan populations. The results show the usefulness of the multivariate statistical methods to maximize the discrimination power of highly informative loci like DYS19, when resources are not available to study many loci simultaneously. Furthermore its use improved the quality of the genetic information which already existed for some of the Venezuelan populations studied.
Sujets)
Humains , Mâle , Femelle , Hypersensibilité/classification , Hypersensibilité/diagnostic , Peuples autochtones , Analyse multifactorielle , Population rurale , Génétique , Statistiques de SantéRésumé
Recently, Y-linked markers have been found extremely useful tools in population genetics and evolutionary biology. We have studied a tetranucleotide marker, DYS19 and a bialleleic marker DYS287, an Alu polymorphic marker (YAP) in five ethnic groups of India. Blood samples were collected from 215 random healthy males and DNA was extracted by using a simple salt precipitation method. DNA samples, after amplification by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), were electrophoresed. The detection of alleles was done by silver staining and reconfirmed by using a fragment analyser programme in an ALF express sequencer (Pharamacia). A total of four alleles were observed at DYS19 locus in all the five ethnic groups. Allele 194bp was found to be the predominant one in all the groups. The absence of YAP was found in all the groups.