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Background: Mild Colombian coffees are recognized worldwide for their high-quality coffee cup. However, there have been some failures in post-harvest practices, such as coffee grain fermentation. These failures could occasionally lead to defects and inconsistencies in quality products and economic losses for coffee farmers. In Colombia, one of the fermentation methods most used by coffee growers is wet fermentation, conducted by submerging the de-pulped coffee beans for enough time in water tanks to remove the mucilage. Objectives: We evaluated the effect of the water (g)/de-pulped coffee (g) ratio (I: 0/25, II: 10/25, III: 20/25) and final fermentation time (24, 48, and 72 hours) on the total number of microbial groups. We also identified microorganisms of interest as starter cultures. Methods: We used a completely randomized experimental design with two factors; the effect of the water (g)/de-pulped coffee (g) ratio (I: 0/25, II: 10/25, III: 20/25) and final fermentation time (24, 48, and 72 hours), for 9 treatments with two replicates. During the coffee fermentation (1,950 g), the pH and °Brix were monitored. Total counts of different microbial groups (mesophiles, coliforms, lactic-acid bacteria, acetic-acid bacteria, and yeasts) were performed. Various isolates of microorganisms of interest as starter cultures (lactic-acid bacteria and yeasts) were identified using molecular sequencing techniques. Results: 21 lactic-acid bacteria (LAB) isolates and 22 yeasts were obtained from the different mini-batch fermentation systems. The most abundant lactic-acid bacteria species found were Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (46%) and Levilactobacillus brevis (31%). Pichia kluivery (39%) and Torulaspora delbrueckii (22%) were the most abundant yeast species. Conclusion The studied factors did not have effect over the microorganism's development. The identified bacterial and yeasts species have potential as starter cultures for better-quality coffees and in fermentation-related applications.
Antecedentes: Los cafés suaves lavados colombianos son reconocidos a nivel mundial por su buena puntuación sensorial; sin embargo, se han detectado fallas en las prácticas de postcosecha, como lo es la fermentación de los granos de café. Dichas fallas pueden causar defectos y carecer de consistencia en la calidad del producto, ocasionando pérdidas económicas para los caficultores. En Colombia, uno de los métodos más usados por los caficultores es la fermentación húmeda, la cual consiste en sumergir los granos de café despulpado en tanques con agua por un período de tiempo que permita la remoción del mucílago. Objetivos: La presente investigación evaluó la incidencia que tienen la proporción agua/granos despulpados de café (I: 0/25, II: 10/25, III: 20/25) y el tiempo final de fermentación (24, 48 y 72 horas) en el recuento final de grupos microbianos. Por otra parte, se identificaron taxonómicamente microorganismos de interés para su uso como cultivos iniciadores. Métodos: Mini-lotes consistieron en café despulpado (1950 g) puesto en recipientes de plástico abiertos y sumergidos en agua. Se aplicó un diseño experimental completamente aleatorizado de dos factores (proporción agua/ granos de café despulpado y tiempo) a tres niveles, para un total de nueve tratamientos con dos replicas. Durante las fermentaciones de café (1,950 g), el pH y los grados ºBrix, fueron monitoreados. Se realizaron los recuentos totales de los diferentes grupos microbianos: mesófilos, coliformes, bacterias ácido-lácticas, bacterias ácido-acéticas y levaduras. Se identificaron molecularmente diferentes aislados con potencial para ser usados como cultivos iniciadores (bacterias ácido-lácticas y levaduras). Resultados: Los resultados obtenidos mostraron que no hubo diferencia estádisticamente significativa entre los tratamientos aplicados y el recuento final de microorganismos. Un total de 21 aislados de bacterias ácido-lácticas (BAL) y 22 levaduras lograron obtenerse a partir de los diferentes sistemas de fermentación en mini-lote. Las especies de bacterias ácido-lácticas con mayor porcentaje acorde a su identificación taxonómica, corresponden a Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (46%), Levilactobacillus brevis (31%). Las especies de levaduras con mayor porcentaje acorde a su identificación taxonómica corresponden a Pichia kluivery (39%) y Torulaspora delbrueckii (22%). Conclusión Los factores estudiados no afectaron el crecimiento de ninguno de los grupos microbianos presentes en la fermentacion del café. Las especies de microorganismos identificados tienen potencial para se usados como cultivos starter o en aplicaciones dentro de las ciencias de fermentación.
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Humains , Fermentation , Levures , Techniques microbiologiques , Coffea , LactobacillalesRésumé
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Managing cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 (CIN2) is challenging, considering the CIN2 regression rate, perinatal risks associated with excisional procedures, and insufficient well-established risk factors to predict progression. OBJECTIVES: To determine the ability of p16INK4a and Ki-67 staining in biopsies diagnosed with CIN2 to identify patients with higher-grade lesions (CIN3 or carcinoma). DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study conducted at a referral center for treating uterine cervical lesions. METHODS: In 79 women, we analyzed the correlation of p16INK4a and Ki-67 expression in CIN2 biopsies with the presence of a higher-grade lesions, as determined via histopathology in surgical specimens from treated women or via two colposcopies and two cytological tests during follow-up for untreated women with at least a 6-month interval. The expression of these two biomarkers was verified by at least two independent pathologists and quantified using digital algorithms. RESULTS: Thirteen (16.8%) women with CIN2 biopsy exhibited higher-grade lesions on the surgical excision specimen or during follow-up. p16INK4a expression positively and negatively predicted the presence of higher-grade lesions in 17.19% and 86.67% patients, respectively. Ki-67 expression positively and negatively predicted the presence of higher-grade lesions in 40% and 88.24% patients, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Negative p16INK4a and Ki67 immunohistochemical staining can assure absence of a higher-grade lesion in more than 85% of patients with CIN2 biopsies and can be used to prevent overtreatment of these patients. Positive IHC staining for p16INK4a and Ki-67 did not predict CIN3 in patients with CIN2 biopsies.
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@#Objective To investigate the effect of microparticles(MPs)derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs) on myocardial hypertrophy and its mechanism.Methods The osteogenic differentiation and adipogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) were induced. After isolation and purification,the morphological characteristics were observed by transmission electron microscope,and the MPs surface antigen was identified by flow cytometry. Myocardial hypertrophy model was induced by using isoprenaline(ISO)in rats,which were measured for the cardiac structure and function by echocardiography,and then detected for various indexes of the heart and isolated left ventricle. Single ventricular myocytes of rats were acutely isolated and divided into control group(Control group),cardiomyocyte hypertrophy group(ISO group),MPs group(MPs group),and MPs supernatant group(Supernatant group). The mRNA expressions of atrial natriuretic peptide(ANP)and B-type natriuretic peptide(BNP)were detected by qRTPCR. The expression levels of calmodulin-dependent protein kinaseⅡ（CaMKⅡ）and phosphorylated calmodulin-dependent protein kinaseⅡ（p-CaMKⅡ）were detected by ELISA. The L-type calcium current(LCa-L)in single ventricular myocyte of various groups was recorded by whole-cell patch clamp.Results The bone nodules of MSCs osteogenic differentiation turned red after alizarin red staining,and lipid droplets of adipogenic differentiation turned red after oil red O staining;Under transmission electron microscope,MPs membrane had a complete structure,a clear outline and a diameter of about200 nm;The positive rates of CD29 and CD90 on the surface of MPs were(98. 24 ± 0. 82)% and(97. 69 ± 1. 83)%,respectively. Compared with Control group,the left ventricular end diastolic dimension(LVEDD)reduced signifi-cantly(t =5. 065,P < 0. 05),while the interventricular septum end-diastolic dimension(IVSd),left ventricular posterior wall dimension(LVPWd),heart weight to body weight ratio(HW/BW),and heart weight to tibial length ratio(HW/Tibia)significantly increased in ISO group(t = 4. 013,2. 368,4. 392,5. 043 and 6. 120,respectively,each P < 0. 05),indicating that the hypertrophic model was successfully established. The expression levels of ANP and BNP mRNA in hypertrophic cardiomyocytes of rats in ISO group were significantly higher than those in Control group(t = 25. 120 and18. 261,respectively,each P < 0. 01);While the expression levels of ANP and BNP mRNA in MPs group significantly reduced after incubation with 48 μg/mL MPs for 48 h compared with ISO group(t = 12. 110 and 3. 526,respectively,each P < 0. 05);The expression levels of CaMK Ⅱand p-CaMKⅡ in ISO group were significantly higher than those in Control group(t = 3. 278 and 4. 181,respectively,each P < 0. 05),while the expression of p-CaMK Ⅱ in MPs group decreased significantly(t = 5. 420,P < 0. 05);The calcium current density in ISO group was significantly higher than that in Control group(t = 15. 261,P < 0. 01),while that in MPs group was significantly lower than that in ISO group(t =6. 216,P < 0. 05).Conclusion MSC-MPs can significantly inhibit ISO-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in rats,which is related to its down-regulation of cardiomyocyte CaMKⅡ and inhibition of L-type calcium channel.
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Apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter （ASBT） is a key transporter responsible for intestinal reabsorption of bile acid and plays an important role in maintaining bile acid and cholesterol homeostasis， and its expression is regulated by various factors including transcription factors， nuclear receptors， and intestinal microflora. The abnormal expression and function of ASBT can lead to disorders in the metabolism of bile acid and cholesterol， causing a variety of hepatobiliary diseases. At present， ASBT has attracted wide attention as a therapeutic target. This article elaborates on the biological characteristics and expression regulation mechanism of ASBT and reviews the role of ASBT in hepatobiliary diseases， in order to provide a new direction for the treatment of related diseases.
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Influenza virus causes serious threat to human life and health. Due to the inherent high variability of influenza virus, clinically resistant mutant strains of currently approved anti-influenza virus drugs have emerged. Therefore, it is urgent to develop antiviral drugs with new targets or mechanisms of action. RNA-dependent RNA polymerase is directly responsible for viral RNA transcription and replication, and plays key roles in the viral life cycle, which is considered an important target of anti-influenza drug design. From the point of view of medicinal chemistry, this review summarizes current advances in diverse small-molecule inhibitors targeting influenza virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, hoping to provide valuable reference for development of novel antiviral drugs.
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ObjectiveTo study the effect of Qizhu Kang'ai prescription （QZAP） on the gluconeogenesis enzyme phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 （PCK1） in the liver of mouse model of liver cancer induced by diethylnitrosamine （DEN） combined with carbon tetrachloride （CCl4） and Huh7 cells of human liver cancer， so as to explore the mechanism on regulating metabolic reprogramming and inhibiting cell proliferation of liver cancer cells. MethodDEN combined with CCl4 was used to construct a mouse model of liver cancer via intraperitoneal injection. A normal group， a model group， and a QZAP group were set up， in which QZAP （3.51 g·kg-1） or an equal volume of normal saline was administered daily by gavage， respectively. Serum and liver samples were collected after eight weeks of intervention. Serum alanine aminotransferase （ALT）， aspartate aminotransferase （AST）， γ-glutamyltransferase （γ-GT）， and alpha-fetoprotein （AFP） in mice were detected to evaluate liver function changes of mice in each group. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining and Sirius red staining were used to observe pathological changes in liver tissue. In the cell experiment， Huh7 cells were divided into blank group， QZAP low， medium， and high dose groups and/or PCK1 inhibitor （SKF-34288 hydrochloride） group， and Sorafenib group. The corresponding drug-containing serum and drug treatment were given， respectively. Cell counting kit-8 （CCK-8） method， colony formation experiment， Edu fluorescent labeling detection， intracellular adenosine triphosphate （ATP） content detection， and cell cycle flow cytometry detection were used to evaluate the proliferation ability， energy metabolism changes， and change in the cell cycle of Huh7 cells in each group. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression levels of PCK1， serine/threonine kinase （Akt）， phosphorylated Akt （p-Akt）， and cell cycle-dependent protein kinase inhibitor 1A （p21）. ResultCompared with the model group， the pathological changes such as cell atypia， necrosis， and collagen fiber deposition in liver cancer tissue of mice in the QZAP group were alleviated， and the number of liver tumors was reduced （P<0.01）. The serum ALT， AST， γ-GT， and AFP levels were reduced （P<0.01）. At the cell level， compared with the blank group， low， medium， and high-dose groups of QZAP-containing serum and the Sorafenib group could significantly reduce the survival rate of Huh7 cells （P<0.01） and the number of positive cells with Edu labeling （P<0.01） and inhibit clonal proliferation ability （P<0.01）. The QZAP groups could also reduce the intracellular ATP content （P<0.05） and increase the distribution ratio of the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle （P<0.05） in a dose-dependent manner. Compared with the model group and blank group， PCK1 and p21 protein levels of mouse liver cancer tissue and Huh7 cells in the QZAP groups were significantly reduced （P<0.05，P<0.01）， and the p-Akt protein level was significantly increased （P<0.01）. Compared with the blank group， the ATP content and cell survival rate of Huh7 cells in the SKF-34288 hydrochloride group were significantly increased （P<0.05）， but there was no statistical difference in the ratio of Edu-positive cells and the proportion of G0/G1 phase distribution. Compared with the SKF-34288 hydrochloride group， the QZAP combined with the SKF-34288 hydrochloride group significantly reduced the ATP content， cell survival rate， and Edu-positive cell ratio of Huh7 cells （P<0.05） and significantly increased the G0/G1 phase distribution proportion （P<0.05）. ConclusionQZAP may induce the metabolic reprogramming of liver cancer cells by activating PCK1 to promote Akt/p21-mediated tumor suppression， thereby exerting an anti-hepatocellular carcinoma proliferation mechanism.
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ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of Linggui Zhugantang on mitochondrial fission and fusion and silencing information regulator 3（Sirt3）/adenosine monophosphate dependent protein kinase （AMPK） signaling pathway in chronic heart failure （CHF） rats after myocardial infarction （MI）. MethodSD rats randomly divide into sham operation group （normal saline ，thread only without ligature）， model group （normal saline， ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery proximal to the heart）， Linggui Zhugantang group （4.8 g·kg-1） and Captopril group （0.002 57 g·kg-1）， with 10 rats in each group. Administere drug continuously for 28 days. Echocardiography detected cardiac function parameters. Hematoxylin eosin （HE） staining observed the pathological changes of the heart. Immunofluorescence detected the levels of reactive oxygen species （ROS）. JC-1 detect mitochondrial membrane potential. Colorimetry measure adenosine triphosphate （ATP）， superoxide dismutase （SOD）， malondialdehyde （MDA）， mitochondrial respiratory chain complex activity （Ⅰ-Ⅳ）. TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling （TUNEL） staining detected the apoptosis rate of myocardial tissue. Western blot detected protein expression levels of Sirt3， phosphorylated AMPK （p-AMPK）， phosphorylated dynamic-related protein 1（p-Drp1）， mitochondrial fission protein 1（Fis1）， mitochondrial fission factor （MFF）， optic atrophy protein 1（OPA1）. ResultCompared to the sham group， the left ventricular end diastolic diameter （LVIDd） and left ventricular end systolic diameter （LVIDs） were significantly increased in model group （P<0.01）， while the left ventricular short axis shortening rate （LVFS） and left ventricular ejection fraction （LVEF） were significantly decreased （P<0.01）. There were inflammatory cell infiltration and obvious pathological injury in myocardial tissue. ROS， MDA levels and myocardial cell apoptosis rate were significantly increased （P<0.01）， SOD level， ATP content， and membrane potential were significantly decreased （P<0.01）. The activity of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes （Ⅰ-Ⅳ） was significantly decreased （P<0.01）. Levels of p-Drp1， Fis1， MFF proteins were significantly up-regulated （P<0.01）， while Sirt3， p-AMPK， OPA1 proteins level were significantly down-regulated （P<0.01）. Compared with model group， LVIDd and LVIDs were significantly decreased （P<0.01）， LVEF and LVFS were significantly increased （P<0.01）. Inflammatory cell infiltration and pathological damage of myocardial tissue were significantly relieved. ROS， MDA levels and myocardial cell apoptosis rate were significantly decreased in Linggui Zhugantang group and Captopril group （P<0.01）， SOD level， ATP content， and membrane potential significantly increased （P<0.01）. The activity of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes （Ⅰ-Ⅳ） increased significantly （P<0.01），and p-Drp1， Fis1， MFF protein levels were significantly down-regulated （P<0.01）， Sirt3， p-AMPK， OPA1 protein were significantly up-regulated （P<0.01）. ConclusionLinggui Zhugantang can alleviate oxidative stress and apoptosis damage of myocardial cells， maintain mitochondrial function stability， and its effect may be related to mitochondrial mitosis fusion and Sirt3/AMPK signaling pathway.
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We designed and synthesized eighteen lycorine derivatives with five different structural types, and evaluated their antiviral activities on a HCoV-OC43-infected H460 cell model. Structure-activity relationships suggested that the introduction of appropriate substituents on the 6N atom of lycorine was beneficial to activity. Compound 6a gave a good activity with the half effective concentration (EC50) and selectivity index (SI) values of 2.36 μmol·L-1 and 16.52, respectively. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) result indicated that 6a might target the non-structural protein 12 (NSP12) subunit in RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of SARS-CoV-2 with the dissociation constant (KD) value of 1.36 μmol·L-1. Molecular docking indicated that 6a might act on nidovirus RdRp-associated nucleotidyltransferase (NiRAN) catalytic center of NSP12, distinct from the mechanism of nucleoside-like drugs such as remdesivir. This study provides scientific data for the development of lycorine derivatives into a new class of anti-SARS-CoV-2 small molecule inhibitors.
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italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis, responsible for tuberculosis (TB), remains a major health problem worldwide and is one of the infectious diseases causing increased morbidity and mortality worldwide. Biotin, namely vitamin H, is an important cofactor necessary for fatty acid biosynthesis, gluconeogenesis and amino acid metabolism in organisms including Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Due to its inability to ingestion biotin from outside, Mycobacterium tuberculosis can only obtain biotin through biotin biosynthesis. Different from the classical BioC-BioH, BioI-BioW and non-classical BioZ pathways, Mycobacterium tuberculosis synthesized biotin by "BioC-BioH(2)" pathway in the early stage. This review focuses on the unique biotin synthesis pathway of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and its key genes, especially the response of this pathway and biotin-dependent carboxylase to tuberculosis first-and second-line drugs, as well as inhibitors and natural products targeting biotin synthesis.
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Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent cell death caused by phospholipid peroxidation damage of polyunsaturated fatty acids on cell membranes and involves several pathways, including the iron homeostasis regulatory pathway, the cystine glutamate reverse transporter (system Xc) pathway and the voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) pathway. Ferroptosis is involved in the development of several diseases (e. g. myocardial infarction, stroke, cancer and degenerative diseases). The ubiquitination is an important post-translational modification of various protein molecules in the organism. Studies have shown that regulating the ubiquitination of ferroptosis pathway-related molecules can control cellular ferroptosis. Targeting the ubiquitination of ferroptosis pathway-related molecules can effectively promote or inhibit ferroptosis, which is expected to be a new strategy for the treatment of cancer or cardiovascular diseases. In this paper we review the progress of the ferroptosis pathways and the ubiquitination modification of ferroptosis-related molecules.
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AIM: To investigate the effect of inhibiting Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase Ⅱ(CAMKⅡ)expression in adult retinal pigment epithelial cell line-19(ARPE-19)cells on the migration, invasion, and tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs)in a non-contact co-culture system.METHODS: RNA sequencing was performed on ARPE-19 cells overexpressing CAMKⅡ-δ, and bioinformatics was used to analyze the biological functions of the differentially expressed genes. Transwell inserts was used to construct a non-contact co-culture system of ARPE-19 and HUVECs. The experimental groups included: blank group: only HUVECs were inoculated without ARPE-19 cells; control group: ARPE-19 and HUVECs cells were co-cultured with complete medium; AIP group(CAMKⅡ inhibition group): ARPE-19 cells in AIP(160 nmol/L)were co-cultured with HUVECs in complete medium. The migration, invasion and tube formation abilities of HUVECs were detected. The protein expression levels of CAMKⅡ/AMPK/mTOR/VEGFA were detected by Western blotting.RESULTS:Bioinformatics analysis found that the differentially expressed genes could affect biological processes such as cell growth and death and cell movement. The scratch test and transwell migration test showed that the relative mobility of HUVECs in the AIP group was significantly lower than that in the control group(all P<0.05). However, the invasion and tube formation assay showed that the relative invasion rate and tube formation rate of the AIP group were not significantly different from those of the control group(both P>0.05). Western blotting results showed that the expression levels of CAMKⅡ, P-mTOR, and VEGFA proteins in the AIP group were significantly lower than those in the control group, while the expression level of the P-AMPK protein was significantly higher than that in the control group(all P<0.05).CONCLUSION:In the non-contact co-culture system, inhibition of CAMKⅡ expression in ARPE-19 cells significantly reduced the migration ability of HUVECs, but it cannot change the invasion and tube formation ability, which may be achieved by AMPK/mTOR/VEGFA.
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Nutritional rickets, caused by vitamin D and/or calcium deficiency is by far the most common cause of rickets. In resource-limited settings, it is therefore not uncommon to treat rickets with vitamin D and calcium. If rickets fails to heal and/or if there is a family history of rickets, then refractory rickets should be considered as a differential diagnosis. Chronic low serum phosphate is the pathological hallmark of all forms of rickets as its low concentration in extracellular space leads to the failure of apoptosis of hypertrophic chondrocytes leading to defective mineralisation of the growth plate. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) and fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) control serum phosphate concentration by facilitating the excretion of phosphate in the urine through their action on the proximal renal tubules. An increase in PTH, as seen in nutritional rickets and genetic disorders of vitamin D-dependent rickets (VDDRs), leads to chronic low serum phosphate, causing rickets. Genetic conditions leading to an increase in FGF23 concentration cause chronic low serum phosphate concentration and rickets. Genetic conditions and syndromes associated with proximal renal tubulopathies can also lead to chronic low serum phosphate concentration by excess phosphate leak in urine, causing rickets. In this review, authors discuss an approach to the differential diagnosis and management of refractory rickets
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ABSTRACT Introduction: Knockdown of fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) can induce N6-methyladenosine (m 6A) ribonucleic acid (RNA) methylation. The objective of this study was to explore the effect of m 6A RNA methylation on atherosclerotic vulnerable plaque by FTO knockdown. Methods: A total of 50 New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into pure high-fat group, sham operation group, vulnerable plaque group, empty load group, and FTO knockdown group (10 rabbits/group). Results: Flow cytometry showed that helper T (Th) cells in the FTO knockdown group accounted for a significantly higher proportion of lymphocytes than in the vulnerable plaque group and empty load group (P<0.05). Th cells were screened by cell flow. The level of m 6A RNA methylation in the FTO knockdown group was significantly higher than in the vulnerable plaque group and empty load group (P<0.05). The levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein C were higher at the 12th week than at the 1st week, but the high-density lipoprotein C level was lower at the 12th week than at the 1st week. At the 12th week, the interleukin-7 level was significantly lower in the adeno-associated virus-9 (AVV9)-FTO short hairpin RNA group than in the control and AVV9-green fluorescent protein groups (P<0.001). Conclusion: After successfully establishing a vascular parkinsonism rabbit model, m 6A RNA methylation can decrease Th cells and vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques.
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Objetivo: sintetizar as evidências científicas sobre a ocorrência de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCNT) e seus fatores de risco (FR) na população beneficiária do Programa Bolsa Família (PBF). Métodos: trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, cuja busca por publicações de 2004 a 2020 foi feita nas seguintes bases de dados: Literatura Latino-americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e Indice Bibliográico Español en Ciencias de la Salud (IBECS), via Biblioteca Virtual da Saúde (BVS); Medline, via Pubmed, SCOPUS (via Portal CAPES); e Scientific Electronic Library Online - SciELO. Resultados: foram selecionados 23 artigos, os quais foram agrupados em três categorias: 1) Prevalência dos fatores de risco para DCNT em mulheres beneficiárias do PBF: as mulheres beneficiárias apresentaram piores desfechos no consumo de tabaco, menor prática de atividade física, maior prevalência de diabetes, hipertensão e obesidade; 2) Estado nutricional e insegurança alimentar em crianças, adolescentes e famílias beneficiárias do PBF: os estudos apontaram para uma elevada prevalência de obesidade e coexistência de déficit estatural em crianças beneficiárias; e 3) Consumo alimentar de beneficiários do PBF: foi identificado um padrão não saudável de alimentação. Conclusão: usuários do PBF apresentam elevadas prevalências de fatores de risco para doenças crônicas não transmissíveis e pior padrão alimentar. Esses dados reforçam a importância de o PBF estar sendo direcionado às populações mais vulneráveis, visando mitigar as imensas desigualdades sociais. No entanto, é necessário avançar em outras políticas públicas de proteção social que impactem os determinantes sociais e melhorem a qualidade de vida de extensa camada da população brasileira.(AU)
occurrence and their risk factors (RF) in the Bolsa Família Program (BFP) beneficiary population. Methods: this is an integrative literature review whose search for publications from 2004 to 2020 was carried out in the following databases: Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS) and Indice Bibliográico Español en Ciencias de la Salud (IBECS), via the Virtual Health Library (VHL); Medline, via Pubmed, Scopus (via Portal CAPES); and Scientific Electronic Library Online - SciELO. Results: 23 articles were selected and grouped into three categories: 1) Prevalence of risk factors for NCDs in BFP beneficiary women: beneficiary women had worse outcomes in tobacco consumption, lower physical activity, higher prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, and obesity; 2) Nutritional status and food insecurity in BFP beneficiary children, adolescents and families: the studies pointed to a high prevalence of obesity and coexistence of height deficit in beneficiary children; and 3) Food consumption of BFP beneficiaries: an unhealthy eating pattern was identified. Conclusion: BFP users have a high prevalence of risk factors for chronic non-communicable diseases and worse dietary patterns. These data reinforce the importance of the BFP being directed to the most vulnerable populations, aiming to mitigate the immense social inequalities. However, it is necessary to advance other public policies of social protection that impact the social determinants and improve the life quality of a large part of the Brazilian population.(AU)
Objetivo: sintetizar evidencias científicas sobre la ocurrencia de enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles (ECNT) y sus factores de riesgo (FR) en la población beneficiaria del Programa Bolsa Familia (PBF). Método: se trata de una revisión bibliográfica integradora, cuya búsqueda de publicaciones entre 2004 y 2020 fue realizada en las bases de datos Literatura Latinoamericana y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud (LILACS) e Índice Bibliográfico Español en Ciencias de la Salud (IBECS) a través de la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud (BVS), Medline a través del Pubmed, Scopus (vía Portal CAPES) y Scientific Electronic Library Online - SciELO...(AU)
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Humains , Mâle , Femelle , Enfant d'âge préscolaire , Enfant , Adolescent , Adulte , Facteurs socioéconomiques , Nutrition des Groupes Vulnérables , Facteurs de risque , Comportement alimentaire , Déterminants sociaux de la santé , Maladies non transmissibles/prévention et contrôle , Accès à des aliments sains , Qualité de vie , État nutritionnelRésumé
Resumo: Objetivamos realizar uma reflexão sobre os desafios enfrentados para a materialização da política social no Brasil. Embasamo-nos nas leituras de Rui Mauro Marini e Florestan Fernandes quanto ao entendimento da formação econômico-social brasileira. Em nossos resultados, destacamos que a condição dependente, com presença da autocracia burguesa, imprime a manutenção da superexploração da força de trabalho e o aviltamento das políticas sociais em detrimento da acumulação capitalista.
Abstract: We aim to carry out a reflection on the challenges faced for the materialization of social policy in Brazil. We base ourselves on the readings of Rui Mauro Marini and Florestan Fernandes in understanding the Brazilian socio-economic formation. In our results, we highlight that the dependent condition, with the presence of bourgeois autocracy, diminishes the maintenance of the super-exploitation of the work force, and in the debasement of social policy to the detriment of capitalist accumulation.
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Resumo: O propósito deste artigo é desenvolver uma síntese sobre a obra Dialética da dependência, de Ruy Mauro Marini, além de demonstrar sua atualidade. A metodologia consiste em pesquisa bibliográfica com base nas obras de Marini e de alguns autores que analisam seus escritos. Foi possível compreender que Marini parte da concepção do capitalismo como sistema hierarquizado e reproduz padrões diferentes de acumulação, uma vez que o desenvolvimento de algumas nações ocorre mediante o subdesenvolvimento de outras.
Abstract: The purpose of this article is to develop a summary of the work Dialectic of Dependence, by Ruy Mauro Marini, as well as to demonstrate how current it is. The methodology consists of bibliographical research based on the works of Marini and some authors who analyzed his writings. It was possible to understand that Marini believes in the conception of capitalism as a hierarchical system and reproduces different patterns of accumulation, since the development of some nations occurs through the underdevelopment of others.
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Resumo: Este artigo aborda o debate sobre a "revolução burguesa" no Brasil nos fundadores da Teoria Marxista da Dependência. Para tanto, analisamos as reflexões sobre o tema desenvolvidas por Marini, Bambirra e Dos Santos em seus estudos originais das décadas de 1960 e 1970, e buscamos apresentar uma avaliação sobre os pontos de convergência e as controvérsias entre suas respectivas produções.
Abstract: This text addresses the debate about the "bourgeois revolution" in Brazil in the founders of the Marxist Theory of Dependence. To this end, we analysed the reflections on this theme developed by Marini, Bambirra and Dos Santos in their original texts from the 1960s and 1970s and sought to present an assessment of the points of convergence and controversy between their respective productions.
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Resumo: Este artigo objetiva retomar as contribuições de Rui Mauro Marini para o pensamento crítico latino-americano. Apresentamos três temas candentes contemporâneos da realidade brasileira como expressões do capitalismo dependente: 1. O padrão de especialização produtiva e a reprimarização da economia brasileira; 2. A transferência de valor por meio das dívidas públicas;3. O aprofundamento da superexploração.
Abstract: This article aims to review Rui Mauro Marini's contributions to Latin American critical thought. We present three burning contemporary themes in the Brazilian reality as expressions of dependent capitalism: 1. The pattern of productive specialization and the reprimarization of the Brazilian economy; 2. The transfer of value through public debts;3. The deepening of superexploitation
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RESUMO As condições crônicas complexas de saúde são um grupo de condições clínicas permanentes que demandam cuidados contínuos. Os avanços científicos e tecnológicos permitiram que crianças que antes morriam ao nascimento, ou logo após, ganhassem sobrevida à custa de uma complexa rede de cuidados. Os objetivos do estudo foram identificar e analisar a produção científica nacional acerca da temática em pediatria. Realizou-se uma revisão integrativa nas bases de dados Scopus e Web of Science. Todos os artigos originais completos publicados sem restrição temporal e que continham palavras-chave selecionadas foram incluídos. A busca foi realizada no campo tópico das ferramentas descritas na metodologia, e o resultado foi unificado e harmonizado no software Vantage Point. Após tratamento e análise, encontraram-se 64 artigos. Foi utilizado o software VOSviewer versão 1.6.16 para identificação dos temas de pesquisa. Os resultados expostos são a distribuição geográfica e temporal da produção científica, as principais instituições pesquisadoras e redes colaborativas, e cinco núcleos temáticos centrais. Há ainda inúmeros desafios relativos às frequentes hospitalizações e aos processos de desospitalização que essas crianças enfrentam. Conclui-se com a necessidade de aprofundamento e exploração do tema de forma colaborativa e com novas questões de pesquisa para avultar a construção do conhecimento nessa temática.
ABSTRACT Complex chronic conditions are a group of permanent medical conditions that require continuous care. Techno-scientific advances have allowed children who would previously die at birth, or soon after, to gain survival, but at the expense of a complex care. The aims of the study were to identify and analyze the national scientific pediatric production. We performed an integrative review on the Scopus and Web of Science databases. All full original articles published without time restriction and containing selected keywords were included. The search was carried out in the topic field of the tools described in the methodology and the result was unified and harmonized in the Vantage Point software. After treatment and analysis, 64 articles were found. VOSviewer software version 1.6.16 was used to identify the research topics. The results showed are the geographic and temporal distribution of the scientific production, the main research institutions and collaborative networks, and five central thematic nuclei. There are still numerous challenges related to the frequent hospitalizations and clinical care delivery processes. We conclude with the need to explore and search the theme in a collaborative way and with new research issues to increase the construction of knowledge on the theme.
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Resumo: O artigo aponta a relação indissociável entre o racismo e a superexploração da força de trabalho no capitalismo dependente. Evidencia como a hierarquização racial cria base ideológica de dominação necessária à dinâmica da economia dependente e à superexploração. A metodologia consistiu em uma pesquisa bibliográfica, com a revisão de literaturas assentadas na crítica marxista da economia política e no entendimento da divisão social, sexual e racial do trabalho como chave analítica fundamental.
Abstract: The article points out the inseparable relationship between racism and the overexploitation of labour power in dependent capitalism. It shows how racial hierarchization creates the ideological basis of domination necessary for the dynamics of the dependent economy and overexploitation. The methodology consisted of a bibliographical research, with a review of literature based on the Marxist critique of political economy and the understanding of the social, sexual and racial division of labour as a fundamental analytical key.
Resumen: El artículo señala la indisociable relación entre el racismo y la superexplotación de la fuerza de trabajo en el capitalismo dependiente. Evidencia como la jerarquización racial crea la base ideológica de dominación necesaria a la dinámica de la economía dependiente y a la superexplotación. La metodología consistió en una investigación bibliográfica, con una revisión de la literatura basada en la crítica marxista de la economía política y en el entendimiento de la división social, sexual y racial del trabajo como clave analítica fundamental.