Effect of Qigongwan on Quality of Oocytes and Embryonic Development Potential in Patients with PCOS Infertility with Phlegm-dampness Syndrome / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo observe the regulation of Qigongwan on the expression of proliferation and apoptosis-related factors programmed cell death 4 （PDCD4） and proliferating cell nuclear antigen （PCNA） in ovarian granulosa cells （GCs） in patients with polycystie ovarian syndrome （PCOS） infertility with phlegm-dampness syndrome， and to explore the effect of Qigongwan on the quality of oocytes and embryonic development potential. MethodSixty-six patients with PCOS with phlegm-dampness syndrome who underwent in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer （IVF-ET） were randomly selected and divided into an observation group （Qigongwan + western medicine） and a control group （western medicine）， with 33 patients in each group. Antagonist regimen was used to promote ovulation in the two groups. The observation group was given Qigongwan one cycle before IVF based on the treatment of conventional western medicine， while the control group was not given Chinese medicine. The improvement of phlegm and dampness syndrome， the dosage and the number of days of using gonadotropins （Gn）， the levels of luteinizing hormone （LH）， estradiol （E2）， and progesterone （P） on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin（HCG） injection， the 2PN fertilization rate， and the high-quality embryo rate of patients in the two groups were compared. Real-time polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） and Western blot technology were used to detect the expression of PCNA and PDCD4 in GCs. ResultAs compared with groups before treatment， the score of phlegm-dampness syndrome in both groups was significantly lower （P<0.01）. The score of phlegm and dampness syndrome in the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group （P<0.01）. As compared with the control group， the levels of LH， E2， and P in the observation group was higher， but only the difference in the level of E2 was statistically significant （P<0.01）. The 2PN fertilization rate ［82.25% （556/676） vs 69.92% （365/522）， χ2=25.172， P<0.01］ and high-quality embryo rate ［44.19% （190/430） vs 34.23% （102/298）， χ2=7.266， P<0.01］ in the observation group were significantly higher than that of the control group （P<0.01）. As compared with the control group， the mRNA and protein expression of PDCD4 in ovarian GCs was down-regulated in the observation group and that of PCNA was up-regulated （P<0.05）. ConclusionBy down-regulating the expression of PDCD4 and up-regulating the expression of PCNA， Qigongwan may interfere with follicle development， adjust hormone levels， improve the symptomatic manifestations of patients with PCOS with phlegm-dampness syndrome， inhibit the apoptosis of GCs， and promote growth， thus improving the quality of oocytes and embryonic development potential.

Research on the Development Status and Suggestions of TCM Enterprises of Nantong City / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE： To study the development status of TCM enterprises of Nantong city and provide suggestions， and to promote the sustainable development of TCM enterprises of Nantong city. METHODS： Taking Nantong city as an example， questionnaires were issued to 15 TCM enterprises in Nantong （including 4 TCM decoction piece enterprises， 11 TCM pharmaceutical preparation enterprises）. The statistical analysis was carried out in respects of scale structure， development （including economic development and staff） and development potential （by enterprise R&D funds and R&D personnel input intensity） of enterprises during 2013-2017. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS： In terms of the scale and structure of the enterprise， there were no large-scale enterprises in Nantong city， only 3 medium-sized enterprises， 12 small enterprises； the overall scale of enterprises was small； the overall concentration of TCM enterprises was not high， in which the market structure of TCM decoction piece enterprises was oligopolistic， and the structure of preparation enterprises was competitive. The concentration of TCM decoction enterprises was higher than that of TCM preparation enterprises. In terms of economic development， the annual average GDP and profit growth rate are 14.98％ and 19.09％ from 2014 to 2017； the economic development situation was good， but the brand variety advantage was not developed fully. In terms of staff， employee’s education level was mainly college degree （34.01％） and the staff category was mainly salesperson （32.73％）. In terms of the company’s development potential， enterprise R&D funds and R&D personnel input intensity were in low levels （average 2.96％， 11.32％ in 5 years）， the number of patents （16 in 2013 vs. 17 in 2017） and innovative products （7 in 2013 vs. 12 in 2017） increases slowly， and only one had opened up overseas markets. In response to the issues， TCM enterprises of Nantong city or other areas should merge and reorganize appropriately to expand the scale of the industry and improve the market concentration； increase research funds and talented personnel investment， insist the protection and in novation of TCM. In addition， build a big data “healthy cloud” platform to break the traditional industrial chain； at the same time， seize the “Belt and Road” policy finance and taxation opportunities to promote overseas and develop markets to promote the sustainable development of TCM enterprise.

Evaluation of the status quo of the eight-year program medical doctors' career development potential / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective By investigating the actualities of career development potential of eight-year program medical students, to explore a direction of training mode innovation aiming to improve career development potential. Methods Eight-year program medical graduates, their tutors, and di-rectors of their clinical department in a university hospital were the subjects of the current study. Questionnaire method was applied to evaluate professional competence including clinical skills, re-search capabilities and integrative ability . Anonymous questionnaires were dispensed to eight-year program medical graduates for self-evaluation. Distinct anonymous questionnaires were dispensed to tutors directors for evaluation. Traditional doctoral graduates (professional degree or academic degree) were set as standard for comparison of specific ability of eight-year program medical students. Results 74 out of 85 (87%) questionnaires for Eight-year program medical graduates were available. 53 out of 63 (84%) questionnaires for tutors were available. 21 out of 26 (81%) questionnaires for directors of clinical departments were available. In clinical capabilities, according to 43 percent (32 persons) of the eight-year MD graduates' self-assessment and the evaluation of 94%(50 persons) mentors and 81%(17 people) department directors, eight-year program medical graduates were regarded as lower-skilled clinicians compared with doctoral graduates with professional degree . Eight-year program medical graduates were also considered with worse research capabilities than doctoral graduates with profes-sional degree by themselves (76%, n=56), their tutors (91%, n=48), and their department directors (86%, n=18). Conclusions The survey shows that to some extent, the current eight-year clinical doctoral graduates lack of career development potential, reflecting the current training mode cannot lead to the given training goals. We suggest that both clinical skills and research capabilities should be enhanced to make sure that eight-year program medical graduates deserve the title of academic physicianorphysician scientists.