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ABSTRACT Introduction: Anemia is frequent in patients undergoing replacement therapy for kidney failure. Anemia in the pre- and post-transplantation period might be related to kidney transplant outcomes. The current study therefore sought to assess the relationship between anemia, delayed allograft function (DGF), chronic kidney allograft dysfunction (CAD), and death from any cause following kidney transplantation from a deceased donor. Methods: This was a retrospective study with 206 kidney transplant patients of deceased donors. We analyzed deceased donors' and kidney transplant patients' demographic data. Moreover, we compared biochemical parameters, anemia status, and medicines between DGF and non-DGF groups. Afterward, we performed a multivariate analysis. We also evaluated outcomes, such as CAD within one year and death in ten years. Results: We observed a lower frequency of pre-transplant hemoglobin concentration (Hb) but higher frequency of donor-serum creatinine and red blood transfusion within one week after transplantation in the group with DGF. In addition, there was an independent association between Hb concentration before transplantation and DGF [OR 0.252, 95%CI: 0.159-0.401; p < 0.001]. There was also an association between Hb concentration after six months of kidney transplantation and both CAD [OR 0.798, 95% CI: 0.687-0.926; p = 0.003] and death from any cause. Conclusion: An association was found between pre-transplantation anemia and DGF and between anemia six months after transplantation and both CAD and death by any cause. Thus, anemia before or after transplantation affects the outcomes for patients who have undergone kidney transplantation from a deceased donor.
RESUMO Introdução: A anemia é frequente em pacientes submetidos à terapia substitutiva para insuficiência renal. A anemia nos períodos pré e pós-transplante pode estar relacionada aos desfechos do transplante renal. Portanto, o presente estudo buscou avaliar a relação entre anemia, função retardada do enxerto (FRE), disfunção crônica do enxerto renal (DCE) e óbito por qualquer causa após transplante renal de doador falecido. Métodos: Este foi um estudo retrospectivo com 206 pacientes transplantados renais de doadores falecidos. Analisamos dados demográficos de doadores falecidos e pacientes transplantados renais. Além disso, comparamos parâmetros bioquímicos, status de anemia e medicamentos entre os grupos FRE e não-FRE. Posteriormente, realizamos uma análise multivariada. Também avaliamos desfechos, como DCE em um ano e óbito em dez anos. Resultados: Observamos menor frequência de concentração de hemoglobina (Hb) pré-transplante, mas maior frequência de creatinina sérica do doador e transfusão de hemácias no período de uma semana após o transplante no grupo FRE. Além disso, houve associação independente entre a concentração de Hb antes do transplante e a FRE [OR 0,252; IC 95%: 0,159-0,401; p < 0,001]. Houve também associação entre a concentração de Hb após seis meses de transplante renal e ambos, DCE [OR 0,798; IC95%: 0,687-0,926; p = 0,003] e óbito por qualquer causa. Conclusão: Encontrou-se uma associação entre anemia pré-transplante e FRE e entre anemia seis meses após o transplante e ambos, DCE e óbito por qualquer causa. Assim, a anemia antes ou após o transplante afeta os desfechos de pacientes que foram submetidos a transplante renal de doador falecido.
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Introduction. The critical pathway for deceased donation offers a methodical framework for guiding the donation process. It not only serves to assess performance but also to identify areas of potential improvement. Therefore, the identification and selection of potential organ donors (POD) is a key process. This study aims to describe the critical pathway for deceased donation in a cohort of POD in three regions (CRT1, CRT2, and CRT5) of Colombia. Methods. We retrospectively reviewed data of POD assessed from January 2022 to December 2022. General characteristics of POD, diagnosis, contraindication causes, and organ procurement were described. Analysis was conducted using the Chi-squared test for categorical variables and the Mann-Whitney test for quantitative variables. Results. Within the cohort of 1451 assessed POD, 441 (30.3%) were diagnosed with brain death. Among potential donors after brain death, 198 (44.9%) were eligible donors (medically suitable). Of these, 157 donors (79.3%) became actual donors (undergoing operative incision for organ recovery), with 147 (93,6 %) having at least one organ recovered (actual donors with organ recovery). Ultimately, 411 utilized organs were utilized. Additionally, there were observed differences in the characteristics of donors from different regions. Conclusion. This study reports the critical pathway for deceased donation in a cohort of POD in three regions of Colombia. This provides useful information and helps to gain insight and understanding into the process of organ donation and organ procurement in order to take actions that could improve the donation rates.
Introducción. La ruta crítica de donantes fallecidos permite un enfoque sistemático para la donación de riñón, y, proporciona una herramienta para evaluar el rendimiento de áreas de mejora potencial. La selección de posibles donantes de órganos (PDO) es un proceso clave. El objetivo de este estudio fue describir la ruta crítica para la donación de fallecidos en una cohorte de PDO en tres regiones de Colombia. Métodos. Estudio retrospectivo de PDO evaluados durante 2022. Se describieron las características generales de los PDO, el diagnóstico y las causas de contraindicación. El análisis se llevó a cabo utilizando la prueba de Chi-cuadrado para las variables categóricas y la prueba de Mann-Whitney para las variables cuantitativas. Resultados. Entre los 1451 POD evaluados, 441 (30,3 %) fueron diagnosticados con muerte cerebral. De los posibles donantes después de la muerte cerebral, 198 (44,9 %) fueron donantes elegibles (adecuados desde el punto de vista médico). Entre ellos, 157 donantes (79,3 %) fueron donantes reales (en quienes se realizó una incisión operatoria con la intención de recuperar órganos) y 147 (93,6 %) tuvieron al menos un órgano recuperado (donantes reales con recuperación de órganos). Finalmente, se identificaron 411 órganos utilizados. Conclusión. Este estudio reporta la ruta crítica para la donación de fallecidos en una cohorte de POD en tres regiones de Colombia. Esto proporciona información útil, ayuda a obtener conocimientos y comprender el proceso de donación y obtención de órganos, para tomar medidas que puedan mejorar las tasas de donación.
Sujet(s)
Humains , Donneurs de tissus , Transplantation d'organe , Acquisition d'organes et de tissus , Sélection de donneursRÉSUMÉ
Kidney transplantation has achieved significant success in treating end-stage renal disease. Nevertheless, it still faces a series of complex and significant challenges after surgery, such as infection, rejection, ischemia-reperfusion injury and chronic renal allograft dysfunction, <i>etc.</i> With the development of science and technology, including biomaterials, gene sequencing and other emerging technologies, Chinese researchers have launched a series of remarkable research in the field of kidney transplantation, aiming to solve these thorny issues. In 2023, relevant research of kidney transplantation in China not only focused on resolving the above challenges, but also highlighting on expanding novel technologies and concepts to build a brighter future of kidney transplantation. In this article, academic achievements of Chinese research teams in the field of kidney transplantation in 2023 were systematically reviewed, covering the frontiers of basic and clinical research and the application of emerging technologies, aiming to provide novel ideas and strategies for major clinical problems in the field of kidney transplantation from the local perspective and accelerate the advancement of kidney transplantation in China to a higher peak.
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As a marginal organ donor, organs from hepatitis C donors have been applied in solid organ transplantation. While effectively alleviating the shortage of organs, it also faces certain challenges, such as the spread of hepatitis C virus (HCV). With the emergence and application of direct-acting antiviral agent, the cure of hepatitis C has gradually become a reality, laying the foundation for hepatitis C patients to become organ transplant donors. At present, with adjuvant treatment using antiviral drugs, certain efficacy has been achieved in solid organ transplantation from hepatitis C donors. In this article, research progress in kidney, heart, lung and liver transplantation from hepatitis C donors, the application of hepatitis C donors in solid organ transplantation and the safety and effectiveness of antiviral drugs were reviewed, and the feasibility of hepatitis C donors in solid organ transplantation was evaluated, aiming to provide reference for expanding the donor pool of organ transplantation and shortening the waiting time for organ transplantation in patients with end-stage diseases.
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<b>Objective</b> To evaluate the effect of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) on hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced injury of senescent renal tubular epithelial cell (RTEC) in aged mice and its regulatory mechanism. <b>Methods</b> RTEC were divided into the Young group (young RTEC with normal growth), Old group (aged RTEC induced by Etoposide), Old+Ad-shNC+H/R group [aged RTEC induced by Etoposide and then transfected with adenovirus negative control (Ad-shNC) for H/R treatment], and Old+Ad-shGSK3β+H/R group (aged RTEC induced by Etoposide and then transfected with short-hairpin RNA-expressing adenovirus with targeted silencing GSK3β for H/R treatment), respectively. Apoptosis level and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species level were detected by flow cytometry. Calcium ion level was determined by immunofluorescence staining. The expression and phosphorylation levels of GSK3β, mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane (MAM)-related proteins of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor1 (ITPR1), voltage dependent anion-selective channel 1(VDAC1) and glucose-regulated protein 75 (GRP75) were detected by Western blot. The interaction between GSK3β and MAM-related proteins was analyzed by immunoprecipitation. <b>Results</b> Compared with the Young group, the apoptosis, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial calcium ion levels were higher in the Old group. Compared with the Old group, the apoptosis, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial calcium ion levels were higher in the Old+Ad-shNC+H/R group. Compared with the Old+Ad-shNC+H/R group, the apoptosis, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial calcium ion levels were lower in the Old+Ad-shGSK3β+H/R group, and the differences were statistically significant (all <i>P</i><0.05). Compared with the Young group, the expression levels of ITPR1, GRP75 and GSK3β proteins were up-regulated, the phosphorylation levels of ITPR1 and GRP75 were increased, whereas the total protein and phosphorylation levels of VDAC1 were decreased in the Old group. Compared with the Old group, the expression level of GSK3β protein was unchanged, the total protein and phosphorylation levels of ITPR1 and GRP75 were increased, the expression level of total VDAC1 protein remained unchanged and the phosphorylation level was increased in the Old+Ad-shNC+H/R group. Compared with the Old+Ad-shNC+H/R group, the expression level of GSK3β protein was decreased, the expression levels of total ITPR1, GRP75 and VDAC1 proteins were unchanged, whereas the phosphorylation levels were decreased in the Old+Ad-shGSK3β+H/R group. Immunoprecipitation showed that GSK3β could interact with ITPR1, GRP75 and VDAC1 proteins. <b>Conclusions</b> The expression level of GSK3β is up-regulated in senescent RTEC. Down-regulating GSK3β expression may reduce the phosphorylation level of ITPR1-GRP75-VDAC1 complex, constrain the overload of mitochondrial calcium ion, protect mitochondrial function and mitigate cell damage during reperfusion.
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<b>Objective</b> To evaluate the safety, effectiveness and feasibility of robotic-assisted kidney transplantation (RAKT). <b>Methods</b> Clinical data of 16 patients who underwent kidney transplantation were collected. Among them, 8 recipients received RAKT (RAKT group) and 8 cases underwent open kidney transplantation (OKT) with the contralateral kidney from the same donor (OKT group). Perioperative status and the recovery of renal allograft function were compared between two groups. <b>Results</b> All patients successfully completed the surgery. In the RAKT group, no patient was converted to open surgery. The operation time in the RAKT group was longer than that in the OKT group (<i>P</i>=0.015). No significant differences were observed in the serum creatinine levels before surgery and upon discharge between two groups (both <i>P</i>>0.05). In the OKT group, one recipient developed delayed graft function (DGF), and the remaining recipients did not experience perioperative complications. No significant difference was noted in the short-term recovery of renal allograft function between two groups (<i>P</i>>0.05). <b>Conclusions</b> Postoperative recovery of the recipients in the RAKT group is equivalent to that of their counterparts in the OKT group. RAKT is a safe and effective procedure for the team expertise in kidney transplantation.
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With persistent breakthrough and maturity of surgical procedures and postoperative immunosuppressive therapy, the survival rate of liver transplant recipients and grafts has been significantly increased. The shortage of donor liver has become the main obstacle for clinical development of liver transplantation. How to expand the source of donor liver has become an urgent issue. Groundbreaking progresses have been made in the use of common marginal donor livers in clinical liver transplantation, such as elderly donor liver, steatosis donor liver, viral hepatitis donor liver and liver from donation after cardiac death. Nevertheless, multiple restrictions still exist regarding the use of marginal donor liver. Consequently, the definition of marginal donor liver and research progress in the application of common marginal donor livers were reviewed, and the opportunities and challenges of mariginal donoor liver were illustrated, aiming to provide reference for expanding the donor pool for clinical liver transplantation and bringing benefits to more patients with end-stage liver disease.
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Objective To investigate the effects of anti-HLA donor-specific antibodies(DSA)and desensitization for DSA+patients on engraftment of haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(haplo-HSCT).Methods The patients who underwent haplo-HSCT and examinations for HLA antibodies and DSA in our department from March 2017 to July 2023 were recruited in this study.The effects of desensitization measure on engraftment in the DSA+patients after haplo-HSCT were analyzed.Results Among the 70 patients who underwent haplo-HSCT and test for HLA antibodies,15(21.4％)patients were DSA positive,including 7(46.7％)cases of strong positive,3(20.0％)cases of moderate positive,and 5(33.3％)cases of weak positive.The median duration for neutrophil implantation was significantly extended in the DSA+patients than the negative patients(P=0.027).For the 6 patients developed graft failure(GF),4 were DSA+which was statistically higher than the DSA-patients(P=0.025).Multivariate regression analysis showed that DSA was an independent factor affecting GF(HR=9.273,95％CI:1.505～57.124,P=0.016).Among the 10 patients(7 strong positive and 3 moderate positive DSA)received desensitization therapy,4 patients received combination desensitization,with a 100％rate of successful transplantation,and 6 received single desensitization,with 4(66.7％)experiencing GF,so the GF rate was obviously lower in the combination than the single desensitization(P=0.008).Conclusion In haplo-HSCT patients,DSA is an important factor leading to implantation delay and GF.While,single desensitization treatment has limited efficacy.In combined DSA desensitization therapy,the decrease of antibody titer should be dynamically monitored to ensure the successful implantation of stem cells and reduce GF rate.
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Objective To explore the effects of bronchoalveolar lavage combined with microbiological rapid on-site evaluation in potential donor lung maintenance.Methods Brain death patients who met the inclusion criteria and were admitted to the Intensive Care Unit(ICU)of Calmette Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University from September 2020 to December 2022 were selected for bronchoalveolar lavage(BAL)and(BAL)and the lavage fluid were collected for M-ROSE to compare the pathogen detection rate and initial diagnosis time.According to the positive results of the microbiological rapid on-site evaluation,patients with the brain death were treated with empirical anti-infective therapy,and the oxygenation index,chest X-ray score,and the infection index(WBC,CRP,PCT)of anti-infective treatment 48 hours were evaluated.Results 1.Comparison of the detection rate of pathogenic microorganisms:The results of M-ROSE were highly consistent with a routine microbiological smear(Kappa = 0.921,P<0.001).2.Comparison of diagnostic time:The initial diagnosis time of M-ROSE was significantly lower than routine microbiological smear time and microbial culture time(P<0.001).3.Comparison of therapeutic effects of anti-infective therapy for 48 hours:There was no significant difference in oxygenation index,white blood cells and hypersensitive C-reactive protein before and after the anti-infective treatment(P>0.05).There were significant differences in procalcitonin and chest X-ray before and after the anti-infective treatment(P<0.05).Conclusion Bronchoalveolar lavage combined with microbiological rapid on-site evaluation has the high timeliness in the diagnosis of potential donor pulmonary infection,which can provide a preliminary basis for the early anti-infective therapy of donor lung maintenance.
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Based upon the underlying mechanism and pathological evidence of tissue injury of antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) , four etiological and symptomatic therapies were proposed for managing AMR, including etiological treatment of AMR including antibody-targeting, B cell or plasma cell-targeting therapies; strategies for preventing antibody-mediated endothelial damage: an inhibition of complement/antibody dependent cell-mediated pathways; anticoagulant & thrombolytic therapies for thrombotic microangiopathy secondary to endothelial damage ; anti-inflammatory therapies for acute/chronic vascular inflammation secondary to endothelial damage. Etiological treatment is essential for preventing and treating AMR while symptomatic measures, such as anticoagulant, thrombolytic and antiinflammatory therapies, are stressed. Finally the authors devised therapeutic strategies for AMR in 4 different patient groups of non-sensitized allograft recipients, sensitized allograft recipients, individuals with active AMR and those with chronic active AMR.
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This review summarized the international hot topics and recent advances of donor specific antibody (DSA) and antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) after kidney transplantation, including a novel understanding of DSA, risk stratification, non-HLA antibody impairments, new application strategies of desensitization and AMR treatment, as well as striking a balance between AMR management and infection risk. Also institutional reflections and evaluations were discussed based upon clinical practices.
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Objective:To investigate the prognosis of marginal donor heart in heart transplantation.Methods:The clinical data of consecutive heart transplant recipients and donors in Zhengzhou 7th. People’s Hospital from April 2018 to November 2022 were retrospectively included. According to the definition of marginal donor hearts, the patients were divided into conventional donor hearts group (117 cases) and marginal donor hearts group ( 62 cases), the data before and after heart transplantation of the two groups were analyzed.Results:The main reason for the formation of marginal donor hearts was the cold ischemia time of donor hearts >6 h; it was easier to receive marginal donor hearts with ECMO and MV before operation; the use of marginal donor hearts in heart transplantation increased postoperative mechanical ventilation time, surgical post-intensive care unit length of stay; patients with marginal donors had lower survival than conventional donors, but did not produce a significant difference in survival after heart transplantation.Conclusion:The application of marginal donor heart in heart transplantation is an effective method to solve the shortage of heart organs and reduce the death of transplant waiting persons.
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With persistent progress in donor-recipient evaluation criteria, organ procurement and preservation regimens and surgical techniques, the incidence of vascular complication after kidney transplantation has been declined, whereas it is still one of the most severe surgical complications of kidney transplantation, which may lead to graft loss and recipient death, and seriously affect the efficacy of kidney transplantation. Therefore, the occurrence, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment strategies of common vascular complications after kidney transplantation, including vascular stenosis, arterial dissection, pseudoaneurysm, vascular rupture and thrombosis were reviewed in this article. In combination with the incidence, diagnosis and treatment of vascular complications after kidney transplantation in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, diagnosis and treatment strategies for common vascular complications after kidney transplantation were summarized, aiming to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment of vascular complications after kidney transplantation, lower the incidence of vascular complications, and improve clinical efficacy of kidney transplantation and survival rate of recipients.
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Organ preservation fluid could mitigate cold ischemia injury and maintain normal function of the grafts. At present, how to reduce a series of injury caused by cold ischemia of donor liver and improve the preservation quality of grafts are the hot and challenging spots in this field. Currently, preservation fluid in clinical practice has not achieved ideal preservation effect, especially for the protection of marginal donor organs. In the context of severe donor shortage, the key solution is still to explore the optimal preservation protocol for donor liver to prevent grafts from cold ischemia injury. In this article, the mechanism of donor liver injury during cold ischemia, the classification and evolution of donor liver preservation fluid were summarized, the development direction and challenges of donor liver preservation fluid were discussed, aiming to provide novel ideas and references for the research and development of donor liver preservation fluid.
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Colorectal cancer is one of the common malignant tumors in China. Studies have shown that more than 50% of patients with colorectal cancer will experience metastasis. After systematic treatment, patients with resectable colorectal cancer could obtain favorable 5-year survival rate. However, patients with unresectable colorectal liver metastasis constantly obtain poor prognosis. In spite of the development of medical treatment, patients with unresectable colorectal liver metastasis can be treated by multiple approaches, such as interventional therapy combined with targeted therapy and immunotherapy, clinical efficacy is relatively low. Hence, clinicians divert extensive attention to liver transplantation. Liver transplantation, as an emerging treatment in recent years, is expected to improve clinical prognosis of patients with unresectable colorectal liver metastasis. In this article, research progress in liver transplantation for patients with unresectable colorectal liver metastasis was reviewed, mainly including the historical overview, recent results, prognostic factors, adaptation criteria, relationship with systemic treatment, liver source shortage and donor allocation, aiming to provide reference for liver transplantation for patients with colorectal liver metastasis.
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Since the 20th century, organ transplantation has become a breakthrough technology to effectively save the lives of patients with end-stage organ failure, which has significantly enhanced the quality of life of patients. Organ donation is an important source of organ transplantation. Improving the quality of donor organ procurement is the key to promote the translation of donor organs and improve the prognosis of organ transplantation recipients. The United States, Spain and other countries have put forward a series of policies and standards in the quality management and control of donor organ procurement and achieved positive results. In this article, related concepts of medical quality management and control, advanced strategies and models of international donor organ procurement quality management, and quality control measures of Organ Procurement Organization, donors and donor organs were reviewed, aiming to provide reference for establishing a quality management and control system of donor organs with "Chinese characteristics" and advancing high-speed and high-quality development of donor organ procurement.
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Objective To summarize the experience and practical value of living donor kidney harvesting in Bama miniature pigs with six gene modified. Methods The left kidney of Bama miniature pigs with six gene modified was obtained by living donor kidney harvesting technique. First, the ureter was occluded, and then the inferior vena cava and abdominal aorta were freed. During the harvesting process, the ureter, renal vein and renal artery were exposed and freed in sequence. The vascular forceps were used at the abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava, and the renal artery and vein were immediately perfused with 4℃ renal preservation solution, and stored in ice normal saline for subsequent transplantation. Simultaneously, the donor abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava gap were sutured. The operation time, blood loss, warm and cold ischemia time, postoperative complications and the survival of donors and recipients were recorded. Results The left kidney of the genetically modified pig was successfully harvested. Intraoperative bleeding was 5 mL, warm ischemia time was 45 s, and cold ischemia time was 2.5 h. Neither donor nor recipient pig received blood transfusion, and urinary function of the kidney transplanted into the recipient was recovered. The donor survived for more than 8 months after the left kidney was resected. Conclusions Living donor kidney harvesting is safe and reliable in genetically modified pigs. Branch blood vessels could be processed during kidney harvesting, which shortens the process of kidney repair and the time of cold ischemia. Living donor kidney harvesting contributes to subsequent survival of donors and other scientific researches.
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Objective To identify the influencing factors of operation time of hand-assisted laparoscopic living donor nephrectomy, and to analyze the relationship between influencing factors and the severity of postoperative complications. Methods Clinical data of 91 donors who underwent hand-assisted laparoscopic nephrectomy were retrospectively analyzed. The correlation between preoperative baseline data of donors and operation time was analyzed. The relationship between operation time and postoperative complications was assessed and the threshold of operation time was determined. Results Multiple donor renal arteries, thick perirenal and posterior renal fat, metabolic syndrome, high Mayo adhesive probability (MAP) score and Clavien-Dindo score prolonged the operation time. By analyzing the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, we found that when the operation time was ≥138 min, the incidence of postoperative complications of donors was significantly increased (P<0.05). Conclusions For donors with multiple renal arteries, thick perirenal and posterior renal fat, metabolic syndrome and high MAP score and Clavien-Dindo score, experienced surgeons should be selected to make adequate preoperative preparation and pay close attention after surgery, so as to timely detect postoperative complications and reduce the severity of complications, enhance clinical prognosis of the donors.
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Situs inversus totalis (SIT) is a rare congenital condition, with an extremely low incidence. There is no difference between SIT individuals without onset of diseases and healthy counterparts. However, when SIT individuals suffer from diseases, the diagnosis and treatment are highly challenging due to insufficient understanding of SIT populations, especially for those complicated with end-stage liver disease and requiring liver transplantation. It is a huge challenge for surgeons whether SIT individuals serve as donors or recipients of liver transplantation. In this article, recent case reports related to liver transplantation in SIT patients were summarized, and the development, key procedures, clinical prognosis and postoperative complications of liver transplantation in SIT patients were reviewed.
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Organ transplantation has become an effective treatment for multiple end-stage diseases. However, the recipients of organ transplantation need to take immunosuppressive drugs for a long time after operation, which leads to low immune function and relatively high incidence of bacterial, viral and fungal infections. Traditional microbial detection methods, such as pathogen culture, immunological detection and polymerase chain reaction, have been widely applied in infection detection, whereas these methods may cause problems, such as long detection time and presumed pathogens. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing has been widely adopted in infection prevention and control in organ transplantation in recent years due to high detection rate and comprehensive detection of pathogen spectrum. In this article, the application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing in the prevention and control of infection in solid organ transplantation was reviewed, aiming to provide reference for the diagnosis and treatment of transplantation-related infection.