Herramientas invasivas y no invasivas para el diagnóstico de cáncer oral: revisión de la literatura / Invasive and non-invasive tools for the diagnosis of oral cancer: review of the literature

El cáncer oral es una neoplasia frecuente a nivel mundial; su diagnóstico se realiza de forma tardía por lo menos en un 50-60 por ciento de los casos, lo que empeora el pronóstico de los pacientes, ya que a mayor estadio, mayor es la tasa de mortalidad. Por lo tanto, es fundamental contar con herramientas que permitan realizar un diagnóstico temprano y tratamiento oportuno, sobre todo cuando existen lesiones premalignas clínicamente identificables. En el presente estudio se revisan las herramientas invasivas y no invasivas (modernas y antiguas) que han demostrado utilidad para el diagnóstico de cáncer oral; se basan tanto en técnicas ampliamente disponibles en la práctica clínica como en otras aún no disponibles, pero que podrían implementarse con una apropiada coordinación entre el profesional dedicado a la clínica y los investigadores.

Oral cancer is a neoplasm that is frequent on a worldwide level andis diagnosed late in at least 50-60% of the cases. Its late detection worsens the prognosis of patients because it is associated with a greater mortality. Therefore, it is essential to have tools that allow a timely diagnosis when premalignant lesions present and when there are noclinically identifi able premalignant lesions. In the present study, wereview the invasive and non-invasive tools (modern and old) that haveproven useful for the diagnosis of oral cancer; they are based bothon techniques widely available in clinical practice and on techniques not yet available, but that could be implemented with appropriate coordination between the clinic professional and the researchers.

The clinical significance of combined detection of NEDD9,P53 and Ki67 in early diagnosis and evaluating malignant degree of gastric carcinoma / 实用医学杂志

Objective To study the expression level and related prognostic significance of protein NEDD9,Ki67,P53 in gastric carcinoma. Methods A total of 30 normal stomach tissues were used as control group. The expression level of NEDD9,P53,Ki67 in early gastric carcinoma of 54 cases and advanced gastric car-cinoma in 51 cases were detected by immunohistochemistry ,respectively. Results (1) The expression level of protein NEDD9,P53,Ki67 in normal stomach tissues,early gastric carcinoma and advanced gastric carcinoma were increased(P<0.05).(2)The expression level NEDD9 protein in gastric carcinoma was associated with the depth of invasion and the degree of differentiation(P < 0.05). The expression of protein Ki67 was associated with clinical staging and the depth of invasion(P<0.05). The expression of protein P53 was associated with degree of differentiation,the depth of invasion,lymph node metastasis and clinical staging(P<0.05).(3)NEDD9 protein expression has a positive correlation with Ki67. The difference has statistical significance(r = 0.216,P = 0.027). Conclusions The expression level of protein NEDD9 ,Ki67 ,P53 increased in normal stomach tissues ,early gastric carcinoma and advanced gastric carcinoma. The expression level were significantly higher in early gastric carcinoma. Combined detection of NEDD9 ,P53 ,Ki67facilitatesearlydiagnosis and malignant degree of gastric carcinoma.

Early Diagnosis of Oral Cancer: A Review

Oral cancer (OC) is a global burden. India has become the epicentre of OC globally. As clinicians we are responsible for recognizing and detecting early or incipient changes of the oral mucosa, because, inspite of numerous advances in the treatment of OC, 5-year survival rate remains only 50%. This poor prognosis is due to several factors. However, single most effective route to improving the long-term outcome of OC is early diagnosis. Dentists must be keenly aware of oral mucosal alterations; any observed suspicious mucosal abnormality must be sampled using biopsy. A variety of commercial diagnostic aids and adjunctive techniques are available to potentially assist in the screening of healthy patients, for evidence of otherwise occult cancerous change or to assess the biologic potential of clinically abnormal mucosal lesions. This article is aimed at helping the clinicians, about the various aids or adjuncts that can be used in OC detection; a systematic review of the literature by way of descriptive design was used.

The Study on the Detection of Pathogens for the Acute Respiratory Infection in the Early Diagnosis of Clinical Etiology / 中国医师杂志

Objective To study the practical methods for the diagnosis of clinical etiology of acute respiratory infection(ARI).Methods 108 patients with ARI were the expermental group and forty healthy peoples were the control group.The specimens from throaty excretions were collected in the both groups.Adenovirus(ADV),coxsackie virus(COX),respirator syncytial virus(RSV),chlamidia pneumonia(CP) and mycoplasma pneumonia(MP) in the specimens were detected with polymerase chain reaction(PCR).Results The detected positive rates were 10 2% for ADV,17 6% for COX,28 7% for RSV,33 3% for CP and 13 9% for MP respectively in ARI.There was significantly difference between the ARI group and the healthy control group(P