Résumé
As a primary treatment for strabismus, extraocular muscle surgery can achieve the purpose of correcting the eye position, improving the appearance and reconstructing the third-level visual function. Previous studies have found that the vascular density(VD)and thickness of retina increased in the early stage after extraocular muscle surgery, where multiple mechanisms involved. In recent years, with the appearance of detection means such as optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA), our quantitative understanding of retinal microscopic changes and their mechanisms brought about by traditional extraocular muscle surgery has become more and more profound. The increase of retinal VD in the early postoperative period may be closely related to the recovery of postoperative visual function. However, the related studies are few, and the association between microscopic changes and visual function after extraocular muscle surgery and its mechanism need to be further clarified. This article will review the microscopic changes of retina and their mechanisms after extraocular muscle surgery from multiple perspectives to improve our understanding of the relationship between the mechanism of its influence and visual function, with a view to provide references for the choice of extraocular muscle surgery scheme and related clinical research.
Résumé
@#Anterior segment ischemia(ASI)is a rare but serious complication after extraocular muscle surgery. Due to its complex clinical manifestations, it is easy to be misdiagnosed. If not treated in time, it may lead to blindness such as vision loss. This paper mainly reviews the concept, clinical manifestations, pathogenesis, risk factors, diagnosis and treatments of ASI after extraocular muscle surgery, so as to improve people's understanding of ASI and minimize or avoid the occurrence of ASI in clinical work.
Résumé
Hands-on resident surgical training for various ocular procedures is essential to impart good surgical skills to the budding ophthalmologists. Here in this report, we demonstrate a simple and inexpensive technique of performing extraocular muscle surgery on goats' eye. These animal eyes possess soft tissue resemblance to that of human eyes to a greater extent in terms of scleral rigidity, muscle elasticity, its width, thickness, and its insertion onto the sclera. Therefore, rectus muscle recession, resection, and plication surgeries can be performed repeatedly to improve an individual's orientation and practical experience before performing the procedure on human eyes.
Résumé
Several high molecular weight polymers were tested as a barrier against adhesion between extraocular muscle and its surrounding tissue in a rabbit. We used 48 rabbits to investigate the efficacy of hyaluronic acid, methylcellulose, and gel form as compared to balanced salt solution as a control group in reducing the postoperative adhesion. Under general anesthesia, superior rectus muscle was detached and reattached to original insertion site after coating with barrier materials. Rabbits were killed and histologic examinations were done for degree of adhesion formation at 1. 2, 3, and 6 weeks after surgery. The results were as follows; 1. In control group, the portion that showed the most severe fibrosis was within muscle itself and the portion of the least fibrosis was between muscle and sclera. But in experimental group, there was no differences in degree of fibrosis according to operation site. 2. In control group, the fibrosis progressively increased during the postoperative 6 weeks. In hyaluronic acid group and methylcellulose group, the fibrosis decreased from postoperative 1 week and the degree of decreased fibrosis was more evident in methylcellulose group. In gelform group, fibrosis decreased until postoperative 3 weeks and then increased at postoperative 6 weeks. And one case of foreign body reaction was noted in gel form group. The above results suggest that high molecular weight polymers such as hyaluronic acid and methylcellulose are effective in prevention of adhesion syndrome after extraocular muscle surgery and that methylcellulose is more effective compared to hyaluronic acid.