New orientation and problem analysis of senior nurses in the model of innovative medical association / 中国实用护理杂志

Under the background of the innovative medical association, the company took the lead in promoting the senior nurses to the community hospitals in Anhui, and opened community nursing clinics to better implement the graded diagnosis and treatment system and meet the needs of residents' integrated health services. From the background of a new round of medical reform, this paper analyzes the new occupational orientation of senior nurses in the innovative medical association model, and introduces and analyzes the problems that arise in the exploration stage of the sinking community, and puts forward suggestions based on the actual situation.

New orientation and problem analysis of senior nurses in the model of innovative medical association / 中国实用护理杂志

Under the background of the innovative medical association, the company took the lead in promoting the senior nurses to the community hospitals in Anhui, and opened community nursing clinics to better implement the graded diagnosis and treatment system and meet the needs of residents' integrated health services. From the background of a new round of medical reform, this paper analyzes the new occupational orientation of senior nurses in the innovative medical association model, and introduces and analyzes the problems that arise in the exploration stage of the sinking community, and puts forward suggestions based on the actual situation.

Acesso de primeiro contato na atenção primária à saúde para crianças de 0 a 9 anos / Primer acceso contacto en la atención primaria para niños de 0 hasta 9 años / First contact access in primary health care for children from 0 to 9 years old

Objective: To identify the follow-up of the principle of primary care access first contact in basic family health units in health care for children from zero to nine. Methods: descriptive study with cross-sectional design and quantitative analysis of data held in eight Family Health Basic Units (BFHU) Mossoro/RN. For data collection was used questionnaire validated in Brazil called the Primary Care Assessment Tool in the children’s version (child PCATool). The instrument was applied to the mothers of children enrolled in the coverage areas of health teams selected for the research. Results: It is considered fundamental rethink aspects that have proven insufficient to ensure the presence and extent of the first contact Access attribute in BFHU’s surveyed. Conclusion: Improvements require changes in both structural and process elements to deliver primary health care quality that is proposed since its inception.

Objetivo: Identificar o seguimento do princípio da atenção primária acesso de primeiro contato, em unidades básicas de saúde da família, no cuidado de saúde para crianças de zero a nove anos. Métodos: Pesquisa descritiva, com delineamento transversal e abordagem quantitativa dos dados, realizada em oito Unidades Básicas de Saúde da Família (UBSF) de Mossoró/RN. Para coleta de dados utilizou-se questionário validado no Brasil denominado de Instrumento de Avaliação da Atenção Primária na versão infantil (PCATool infantil). O instrumento foi aplicado com as mães das crianças cadastradas nas áreas de abrangência das equipes de saúde selecionadas para a pesquisa. Resultados: Considera-se fundamental repensar os aspectos que se mostraram insuficientes para garantir a presença e extensão do atributo Acesso de Primeiro Contato nas UBSFs pesquisadas. Conclusão: As melhorias requerem mudanças tanto em elementos estruturais e processuais para oferecerem Atenção Primária à Saúde na qualidade que se propõe desde a sua criação.

Objetivo: Identificar el seguimiento del principio de acceso a la atención primaria de primer contacto en unidades básicas de salud de la familia en el cuidado de la salud para los niños de cero a nueve. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, con diseño transversal y análisis cuantitativo de los datos contenidos en ocho Unidades Básicas de Salud Familiar (BFHU) Mossoró/ RN. Para la recolección de datos se utilizó un cuestionario validado en Brasil llama la Herramienta de Evaluación de la Atención Primaria en la versión infantil (niño PCATool). El instrumento se aplicó a las madres de los niños inscritos en las áreas de cobertura de los equipos de salud seleccionados para la investigación. Resultados: Se consideran aspectos replanteamiento fundamental que han demostrado ser insuficientes para garantizar la presencia y extensión del primer atributo de Acceso de contacto en BFHU de encuestados. Conclusión: Las mejoras requieren cambios tanto en los elementos estructurales y de procesos para ofrecer una calidad de atención primaria de salud que se propuso desde sus inicios.

Study of the formation mechanism and governance logic of the service motivation for community doctors' first contact / 中国卫生政策研究

The service capabilities and sustainable development of community doctors' first contact are undoubtedly the critical factors to promote the construction of grassroots clinics and tiered health care system.Based on the review of motivation-related concepts and its development, as well as the analysis of the current conditions of community first contact and characteristics of community doctors in China, this paper puts forward and defines the concept and connotation of service motivation for community doctors' first contact by logically summarizing the concept of force in physical sciences ,motivation in service science, Based on analyzing the extrinsic motivations to form community doctors' first contact such as attraction, support, constraint, and stress the intrinsic motivations produced by professional identity, self-efficacy and achievement,as well as the interactions and relationships between them, this paper contructs a formation mechanism of the service motivation for community doctors' first contact, which is visual and intuitive.This paper provides a logical path and basis for scientific governance and upgrade of the service motivation for community doctors's first contact to effectively promote community first contact system in China.

Características e demandas funcionais de usuários de uma rede local de reabilitação: análise a partir do acolhimento / Characteristics and functional demands of patients at a local rehabilitation network: analysis from first contact

Resumo Este estudo transversal objetiva traçar o perfil e conhecer as demandas dos usuários que buscaram os serviços públicos de reabilitação de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. Foram analisados dados de 516 usuários acolhidos por meio do Protocolo de Levantamento de Problemas para a Reabilitação (PLPR), que permite a coleta de informações sobre a saúde, contexto social e inclui uma Breve Descrição Funcional (BDF) com 25 itens, em 10 domínios. A maioria dos usuários era de mulheres, média de idade de 57 anos e 54% declararam ser o responsável pela renda familiar. Dificuldade grave ou completa foi relatada por 87%, em pelo menos um dos itens da BDF, sendo os domínios Dor e Mobilidade os de maior incapacidade. A demanda por profissionais foi, principalmente, para Fisioterapeuta (89%), e Psicólogo (14%); 77% foram indicados para iniciar o tratamento na Atenção Básica (AB) e 21% na Atenção Especializada (AE). Aqueles que iniciaram na AE eram mais jovens; com maior número de qualificadores altos e elevada pontuação na BDF, indicando maior limitação/restrição funcional. Espera-se que as informações disponibilizadas pelo PLPR possam contribuir para a organização do fluxo e o planejamento de ações.

Abstract The cross sectional study aims to create the patients’ profile and understand their demands for seeking public rehabilitation services from Belo Horizonte. Data were analyzed from 516 patients who gained entry into the health care system by means of the Protocol for Identification of Problems for Rehabilitation (PLPR). It allows for gathering information related to one’s health and the social context, including a brief functional description (BFD) with 25 items. Most patients were females, mean age of 57 years, and 54% declared to be responsible for the family income. Severe or complete difficulty in at least one item from the BFD was reported by 87%. Pain and Mobility domains showed greater disability. The patient’s demand for services referred them mostly to physical therapy (89%), and psychology (14%); 77% were referred to basic care (BC) and 21% to specialized care (SC). Those that started rehabilitation in SC were younger, had increased number of high ratings in item’s qualifiers and higher total score in the BFD, indicating increased functional limitation and restriction. It is intended that the information provided by the PLPR may contribute to the organization of patients’ flow and the planning of actions.

Core attributes, high-performance functional mechanism and policy implications of general practice / 中国卫生政策研究

General practice is the core of primary care, and it has become the fundamental part of some high-valued health care system. The function-orientated definition of primary care comprise of five core attributes, which are first-contact, accessibility, continuity, coordination and comprehensiveness of service. This paper started from the definition of general practice and sought to clarify and summarize the definitions, contents and functions of its five core attributes;meanwhile, the high-performance functional mechanism of health care system was also explored. On this basis, four suggestions are put forward: The basic medical health care system should be renamed primary care system;Five core attributes of primary care should be emphasized when strengthening the primary care system; the primary care system should be improved, and the key points are the number of general practitioners (GPs), payment system, primary care purchasing, educational system of GPs and etc.;The management system and service process should be developed which would benefit the implementation of the core attributes of primary care at an organizational level.

The definition of tiered health care systems and institutional levels from perspective of general practice attributes in China / 中国卫生政策研究

The definition and connotation of tiered health care system ( THCS ) is a fundamental field of re-search for the system and a logic orientation of institution establishment and smoothing as well. Through analyzing and distinguishing the related international and domestic THCS concepts and exploring its essence from the general prac-tice attributes perspective, we found several problems existing in the Chinese THCS. First of all, the three-tiered pa-tient transfer principle which, merely based on the disease, have seriously neglected patient’s health care system serv-ice requirements. Second, the specialty of the general practice lost the function of making a supplement of specialized disciplines. Third, it did not generate a straightforward boundary between the general practice and special care sys-tem. Forth, the organizational management was adopted to replace the professional one required by two specialties. Based on these findings, we gave a clear and smooth THCS definition and answered three fundamental TMSS ques-tions. Additionally, we proposed a concept for which TMSS management should be composed of micro-, medium-and macro-level institutions.

Utilization of and satisfaction at community health service：Comparative analysis between mi-grant workers and non-migrant workers in Shenzhen / 中国卫生政策研究

Objective:To explore the utilization of and satisfaction at community health service between migrant and non-migrant workers in Shenzhen city. Methods: Random sampling was used and 8000 community residents in Shenzhen city were investigated, and the data was analyzed with SPSS 18. 0. Results:There was statistically signifi-cant difference on the times of seeking community health services last year between migrant workers and non-migrant workers ( P<0. 0001 ) , and the proportion of more than three times service utilization of migrant workers were greater than that of non-migrant workers. The top three elements inpluencing satisfaction at community health service between migrant and non-migrant workers were service attitude ( 73. 29% vs. 73. 46%) , technical level ( 65. 29% vs. 67. 50%), and its convenience of seeking a doctor (63. 16% vs. 64. 98%). 73. 47% of users (migrant workers:74. 16%, non-migrant workers:69. 71%) were willing to accept the system of first contact in community health in-stitutions. Conclusions:The utilization of community health service has increased since implementing the system of first contact in community health institutions. Both migrant workers and non-migrant workers were very satisfied with the community health services, and the differences on satisfaction between the two groups were not significant. It is feasible to gradually promote the system of first contact in community health institutions over China.

Reflection and edification on the system of first contact in community health institutions imple-mented among migrant workers in Shenzhen / 中国卫生政策研究

The system of first contact in community health institutions, as the core element of hierarchical di-agnosis and treatment system, is of great importance for reforming successfully China’ health service system. The sys-tem of first contact in community health institutions implemented among labor workers in Shenzhen City plays an im-portant role in patients ’ distribution and the interested parties can accept this mandatory system. Campared with Shenzhen City, the level of services is enough to meet patients’ primary health demands in some cities which the com-munity health service develops well, and it should be thought highly of the mandatory in the process of policy imple-mentation in order to ensure the implementation effect.

Stakeholder analysis on the system of first contact in community health institutions for migrant workers in Shenzhen / 中国卫生政策研究

Objective:To analyze the system of first contact in community health institutions for migrant workers in Shenzhen city with the stakeholder theory. Methods:The report forms of the Social Insurance Fund Administration Bureau and the health bureau of Shenzhen city were used to analyze. All stakeholders of this policy were interviewed. Results:The system of first contact in community health institutions was good for all stakeholders. The number of in-sured migrant workers grew steadily, the business volume of community health service centers increased significantly, and the fund ran smoothly. Conclusions:The effects of the system of first contact in community health institutions for migrant workers in Shenzhen city were obvious. All the stakeholders felt satisfied with the policy.

Empirical research of the impacts of the essential medicine system based on the double-difference model upon the first contact orientation of the residents / 中华医院管理杂志

Objective To analyze the policy effect of first contact care options of residents under the essential medicine system.Methods The samples were divided into a treatment group and a control group depending whether the policy is implemented.Difference-in-differences model was used to estimate the changes in the First Contact Care choice of residents before and after the implementation.Results The net effect of policy is 6.15％,in which the resident category of the household head and per capita income were statistically significant.Conclusion Though the system promotes the first contact of residents for primary institutions,top-level design of the system calls for optimization,efficiency and equity of the health resource allocation of urban and rural health need to be improved,and the division of responsibilities of the two-level medical institutions needs to be clarified in first contact care system.