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1.
J Vector Borne Dis ; 2022 Apr; 59(2): 190-192
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-216871

Résumé

Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a mosquito borne viral zoonotic disease and JE virus (JEV) is responsible for causing several children deaths every year in India. Since 1978, cases of JE have been reported from Gorakhpur district of Uttar Pradesh state annually. The knowledge on the role played by wildlife reservoirs in the sylvatic transmission and maintenance of JE virus remains limited. Bats are reservoir hosts for several emerging and re-emerging viral pathogens but their role in zoonotic cycle of JEV has not been elucidated yet. In Gorakhpur district of Uttar Pradesh, 52 fruit bats were found dead on 26 May 2020. The post-mortem report of the bat samples conducted at the Indian Veterinary Research Institute stated that the bats died due to brain hemorrhage, caused by excessive heat. The brain tissue samples of the bats were subjected to investigation using molecular techniques to determine the presence of JEV. The present work reports for the first time the detection of JEV in brain samples of bats from India. The viral load ranging from 8 to 18 copies/reaction was detected in brain samples by TaqMan real Time RT-PCR. The low viral load might be the reason for the absence of apparent clinical signs in bats and suggests the probable role of fruit bats in maintaining the JEV in nature.

2.
Int. j. morphol ; 32(4): 1407-1417, Dec. 2014. ilus
Article Dans Anglais | LILACS | ID: lil-734691

Résumé

This paper presents a comparison of the morphological structure of the filiform papillae in New Zealand white rabbits as domestic mammals and Egyptian fruit bats as wild mammals. This study was carried out on the tongues of adult healthy New Zealand white rabbits and Egyptian fruit bats of both sexes. There were four types of lingual papillae in both animals. In the Egyptian fruit bats, there were six subtypes of the filiform papillae; three on the anterior part (small, conical and giant), two on the middle part (cornflower and leaf-like papillae) while the posterior part contain rosette shape filiform papillae, in addition to transitional papillae and conical papillae. In New Zealand white rabbits, there were four subtypes of filiform papillae; spoonful conical (on the lingual anterior part), processed (at the anterior edge of lingual prominence), leaf-like (on the posterior area of lingual prominence) and triangular filiform papillae (on the lingual root). The shape, size, number and orientation of the lingual papillae itself and its processes varied according to their location within the tongue (region-specific) in relation to the feeding habits, strategies for obtaining food, climate conditions, and types of food particles.


Se comparó la estructura morfológica de las papilas filiformes de un mamífero doméstico (conejo neozelandes) y de un mamífero silvestre (murciélagos de la fruta egipcio). El estudio fue realizado en animales de ambos sexos. Se observó cuatro tipos de papilas linguales, en ambas especies de animales. En los murciélagos de la fruta egipcio se observaron seis subtipos de papilas filiformes; tres en la parte anterior (pequeño, cónico y gigante), dos en la parte media (aciano y hojas como papilas) mientras que en la parte posterior se observaron papilas filiformes y papilas de transición cónica. En los conejos se observaron cuatro subtipos de papilas filiformes; cónica cucharada (en la parte anterior lingual), procesado (en el margen anterior de la prominencia lingual), tipo hoja (en la zona posterior de la prominencia lingual) y papilas filiformes triangulares (en la raíz lingual). La forma, tamaño, número y orientación de las papilas linguales y sus procesos varían de acuerdo a la función y a la ubicación en la lengua (específicos de la región) en relación con los hábitos de alimentación, las estrategias para la obtención de alimentos, las condiciones climáticas y tipos de partículas de alimentos.


Sujets)
Animaux , Lapins/anatomie et histologie , Langue/ultrastructure , Microscopie électronique à balayage , Chiroptera/anatomie et histologie , Comportement alimentaire
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