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1.
Arq. Inst. Biol ; 83: e0972014, 2016. tab
Article de Portugais | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1006452

RÉSUMÉ

Neste trabalho foram determinados os níveis de ácido fólico e de fumonisina B1 (FB1) em farinha de milho consumida por 24 voluntários residentes em um campus universitário no estado de São Paulo, bem como sua relação com as concentrações de ácido fólico sérico nos indivíduos. As análises de ácido fólico e de FB1 em farinha de milho foram realizadas por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (CLAE), enquanto a determinação de ácido fólico sérico foi feita por kit de imunoensaio. Detectou-se a FB1 em 100% das amostras de farinha de milho, em níveis que variaram de 142 a 3.037 µg kg-1 (média: 738 ± 591 µg kg-1). As concentrações de ácido fólico nas amostras de farinha de milho ficaram entre < 0,3 µg kg-1 (limite de quantificação) e 1.705 µg kg-1, com média de 713 ± 435 µg kg-1, o que representa 47% do limite mínimo exigido pela Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA) para farinhas de milho comercialmente disponíveis. Nas amostras de soro humano, os níveis de ácido fólico variaram de 6,7 a 24,0 ng mL-1 (média: 13,4 ± 5,4 ng mL-1). Não houve correlação (p < 0,05) entre os níveis de ácido fólico no soro dos indivíduos e as concentrações de FB1 ou ácido fólico nas amostras de farinha de milho. Outros estudos são necessários para estimar a ingestão total de FB1 por meio da dieta para averiguar os efeitos das fumonisinas sobre a absorção de ácido fólico nos indivíduos avaliados.(AU)


In the present study, folic acid and fumonisin B1 (FB1) levels were determined in corn flour consumed by 24 volunteers, residents in a university campus in São Paulo State, as well as its relationship with folic acid in serum of individuals. Analyses of folic acid and FB1 in corn flour were performed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), while the determination of folic acid in serum was accomplished using an immunoassay kit. FB1 was detected in 100% of corn samples, at levels ranging from 142 to 3,037 µg kg-1 (which means: 738 ± 591 µg kg-1). The concentrations of folic acid in corn flour samples ranged from < 0.3 µg kg-1 (limit of quantification) to 1,705 µg kg-1, with a mean of 713 ± 435 µg kg-1, which represents 47% of the minimum required by National Agency of Health Surveillance (ANVISA) for corn flour commercially available. The levels of folic acid in human serum samples ranged from 6.7 to 24.0 ng mL-1 (meaning: 13.4 ± 5.4 ng mL-1). No correlations were observed (p < 0.05) between the folic acid levels in serum of individuals and the concentrations of FB1 or folic acid in corn flour samples. Further studies are needed to estimate the total intake of FB1 in the diet to assess the effects fumonisins on the absorption of folic acid in the individuals evaluated.(AU)


Sujet(s)
Humains , Zea mays/composition chimique , Fumonisines/sang , Sérum , Farine , Acide folique/sang , Volontaires sains
2.
Pesqui. vet. bras ; Pesqui. vet. bras;35(5): 451-455, May 2015. tab, ilus
Article de Portugais | LILACS | ID: lil-759375

RÉSUMÉ

A fumonisina B1 (FB1) é um metabólito secundário produzido principalmente por Fusarium verticilioides em diversos tipos de alimentos, principalmente o milho, o qual constitui a base para composição de rações para várias espécies de animais domésticos. A FB1é particularmente tóxica para suínos, cujas manifestações clínicas são evidentes em animais expostos a altas concentrações de FB1 na ração (em geral, acima de 30mg/kg). No entanto, são escassos os estudos sobre os efeitos da FB1em suínos alimentados com rações contendo baixas concentrações de fumonisinas, as quais são mais prováveis de serem encontradas em condições de campo. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar os efeitos da exposição de leitões a baixos níveis de FB1 na ração, durante 28 dias, sobre o ganho de peso, consumo de ração, peso relativo de órgãos e aspectos histológicos do baço, fígado, pulmões, rins e coração. Vinte e quatro leitões foram distribuídos em 4 grupos experimentais e alimentados com rações contendo 0mg (controle), 3,0mg, 6,0mg ou 9,0mg FB1/kg de ração. As diferentes dietas não afetaram (P>0,05) o ganho de peso e nem o peso relativo dos órgãos analisados. Não foram constatadas lesões macroscópicas ou histopatológicas no baço, fígado, rins e coração. No entanto, foram observadas lesões histopatológicas nos pulmões de todos os suínos alimentados com rações contaminadas com fumonisinas, indicando que nenhum dos níveis de FB1 usados no experimento poderia ser considerado como seguro para suínos. São necessários novos estudos sobre os mecanismos de ação tóxica da FB1 em suínos, sobretudo em condições de exposição prolongada a baixos níveis de contaminação na ração.


Fumonisin B1 (FB1) is a secondary metabolite produced mainly by Fusarium verticilioides in several types of foods, particularly corn, which is the basis for composition of feed for several domestic animals. FB1 is particularly toxic to pigs, being the clinical manifestations evident in animals exposed to high concentrations of FB1 in the diet (generally above 30mg/kg). However, there are few studies on the effects of FB1 on pigs fed rations containing low concentrations of fumonisin, which are most probably found under field conditions. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of a 28-day exposure of piglets to low levels of FB1 in the feed on the weight gain, feed consumption, organ weights and histological aspects of the spleen, liver, lungs, kidneys and heart. Twenty-four pigs were assigned into 4 experimental groups and fed diets containing 0mg (control), 3.0mg, 6.0mg or 9.0mg FB1/kg diet. The different diets did not affect (P>0.05) the weight gain or the weight of organs examined. There were no macroscopic or histological lesions in the spleen, liver, kidneys and heart. However, histological lesions were found in the lungs from all animals fed rations containing fumonisin, hence indicating that none of the FB1 levels used in the experiment could be considered as safe for piglets. Further studies on the mechanisms of toxic action of FB1 in pigs are needed, particularly under conditions of prolonged exposure to low contamination levels in the diet.


Sujet(s)
Animaux , Fumonisines/analyse , Fumonisines/toxicité , Aliment pour animaux/toxicité , Aliment pour animaux , Prise de poids , Zea mays/toxicité , Oedème pulmonaire/médecine vétérinaire , Sphingolipides/biosynthèse , Sphingolipides/effets indésirables , Mycotoxicose/médecine vétérinaire , Poumon/physiopathologie
3.
J. vet. sci ; J. vet. sci;: 51-60, 2014.
Article de Anglais | WPRIM | ID: wpr-56433

RÉSUMÉ

The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of silymarin on experimental liver toxication induced by Fumonisin B1 (FB1) in BALB/c mice. The mice were divided into six groups (n = 15). Group 1 served as the control. Group 2 was the silymarin control (100 mg/kg by gavage). Groups 3 and 4 were treated with FB1 (Group 3, 1.5 mg/kg FB1, intraperitoneally; and Group 4, 4.5 mg/kg FB1). Group 5 received FB1 (1.5 mg/kg) and silymarin (100 mg/kg), and Group 6 was given a higher dose of FB1 (4.5 mg/kg FB1) with silymarin (100 mg/kg). Silymarin treatment significantly decreased (p < 0.0001) the apoptotic rate. FB1 administration significantly increased (p < 0.0001) proliferating cell nuclear antigen and Ki-67 expression. Furthermore, FB1 elevated the levels of caspase-8 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha mediators while silymarin significantly reduced (p < 0.0001) the expression of these factors. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) expressions were significantly elevated in Group 4 (p < 0.0001). Silymarin administration alleviated increased VEGF and FGF-2 expression levels (p < 0.0001). In conclusion, silymarin ameliorated toxic liver damage caused by FB1 in BALB/c mice.


Sujet(s)
Animaux , Femelle , Souris , Antioxydants/pharmacologie , Apoptose/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Prolifération cellulaire/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Facteur de croissance fibroblastique de type 2/génétique , Fumonisines/toxicité , Régulation de l'expression des gènes/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Hépatocytes/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Antigène KI-67/métabolisme , Foie/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Souris de lignée BALB C , Mycotoxines/toxicité , Néovascularisation physiologique/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Antigène nucléaire de prolifération cellulaire/métabolisme , Silymarine/pharmacologie , Facteur de nécrose tumorale alpha/métabolisme , Facteur de croissance endothéliale vasculaire de type A/génétique
4.
Braz. arch. biol. technol ; Braz. arch. biol. technol;51(2): 333-344, Mar.-Apr. 2008. ilus
Article de Anglais | LILACS | ID: lil-484285

RÉSUMÉ

The histopathological effects of fumonisin B1 (FB1) injected intraperitoneally (IP), was evaluated in catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). Fishes were divided into four Groups. Groups II, III and IV were treated IP with FB1 injections of 1; 5 and 10 mg/kg bw/day, respectively, during 21 days. At the 7th, 14th and 21st day, fishes were sacrificed. The livers were hystologicaly analysed by the light and transmission electronic microscopy. Livers from the 7th day showed organelles alterations, particularly in the granular endoplasmatic reticle, mitochondria, nucleus and nucleolus mediated by FB1 doses. The occurrence of processes involved in the necrosis and apoptosis was detected. At the highest FB1 dose,the livers presented an intense response with an accentuate tissue disorganization, absence of cell limits and intense cytoplasm vacuolization. The image analysis showed the occurrence of necrosis in some areas, characterized by fully broken or swollen cells. The apoptosis was observed as the cytoplasm contraction and the chromatin formed masses concentrated in the edge of the nucleus. There was strong evidence that the numerous hepatocytes in the liver from the fishes under the toxic dose of FBs were selectively removed by the apoptosis process.


Os efeitos histopatológicos da fumonisina B1 (FB1) foram avaliados quando a toxina foi aplicada intraperitoneal (IP) em bagre (Ictalurus punctatus). Os peixes foram divididos em 4 Grupos, sendo que os Grupos II, III e IV foram tratados com FB1 em injeções IP nas concentrações de 1; 5 e 10 mg/kg p.c./dia, respectivamente, durante 21 dias. No 7º, 14ºe 21º dia de tratamento, amostras de peixe de cada Grupo foram sacrificadas. Os figados foram analisados histopatologicamente por microscopia de luz e de transmissão eletrônica. Desde o dia 7 de coleta, os fígados apresentaram alterações em diversas organelas, principalmente no retículo endoplasmático, citoplasma, núcleo e nucléolo mediadas pelas doses de FB1. A ocorrência de processos envolvidos em necrose e apoptose foi detectada. A níveis mais elevados, os fígados apresentaram resposta intensa para FB1, com acentuada desorganização dos tecidos, ausência de limites das células e intensa vacuolização do citoplasma. A análise por imagem revelou ocorrência de necrose em determinadas áreas, caracterizada pela presença de células totalmente quebradas ou edemaciadas. A apoptose foi observada pela contração do citoplasma e formação de massas de cromatina concentradas nas extremidades do núcleo. Há uma forte evidência de que numerosos hepatócitos no fígado do peixe sob doses tóxicas de FBs sejam seletivamente removidos pelo processo de apoptose.

5.
Rev. Inst. Adolfo Lutz ; 65(3): 165-170, set.-dez. 2006.
Article de Portugais | LILACS-Express | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1489458

RÉSUMÉ

Fumonisin B1 is a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium verticillioides and Fusarium proliferatum, and it is found chiefly in corn and corn-based products. Since its discovery fumonisin B1 has been associated with diseases in animals, such as leukoencephalomalacia in horses, and pulmonary edema in swine. On humans, the ingestion of foods with fumonisin B1 is associated with esophageal cancer. Aflatoxin M1 is the principal hydroxylated metabolite occurring in milk from animals which have consumed aflatoxin B1-contaminated feeds. It is also present in milk from nursing mothers who consumed foodstuffs with aflatoxin B1. In this study the effect of gamma-irradiation (60Co) was verified, in doses ranged from 0 to 20 kGy, in order to inactivate fumonisin B1 in corn flour and aflatoxin M1 in fluid and powdered milk. Fumonisin B1 was extracted from the samples with methanol:water (3:1). The extract was purified through immunoaffinity column followed by separation and quantification by means of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with o-phthaldialdehyde (OPA). For determining aflatoxin M1 the purification was done through immunoaffinity column followed by separation and quantification by means of HPLC with fluorescence detector. Gamma irradiation (60Co) at doses from 3 to 20 kGy reduced the fumonisin B1 content in a range of 11.2 % to 55.5 %. Gamma irradiation (60Co) at 20 kGy dose r


Fumonisina B1 é a micotoxina produzida por Fusarium verticillioides e Fusarium proliferatum e é encontrada principalmente em milho e produtos a base de milho. Desde sua descoberta a fumonisina B1 tem sido associada a doenças em animais, como leucoencefalomalácia em cavalos e edema pulmonar em suínos. Em humanos, o consumo de alimentos com fumonisina B1 tem sido associado com câncer esofágico. A aflatoxina M1 é o principal metabólito hidroxilado encontrado no leite de animais que consumiram rações contaminadas com aflatoxina B1, bem como no leite de lactantes que consumiram alimentos com esta substância. Neste estudo foi verificado o efeito da irradiação gama (60Co), em doses que variaram de 0 a 20 kGy, quanto à capacidade de inativar fumonisina B1 em farinha de milho e aflatoxina M1 em leite fluido e em pó. A fumonisina B1 foi extraída das amostras com metanol:água (8:2). O extrato foi purificado em coluna de imunoafinidade, seguido de separação e quantificação por meio de cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (CLAE) com detector de fluorescência, após derivatização com ortoftaldialdeído. Para efetuar a determinação da aflatoxina M1, a amostra foi purificada em coluna de imunoafinidade e a separação e a quantificação por meio de CLAE com detector de fluorescência. Foi observada uma redução da concentração da fumonisina B1 na faixa de 11,2 % a 55,5% em doses de 3 a 20 kGy de

6.
Article de Coréen | WPRIM | ID: wpr-224744

RÉSUMÉ

BACKGROUND/AIMS: This study was aimed to examine if FB1 induced-hepatotoxicity involves apoptosis, and cholesteryl hemisuccinate (CS) pre-treatment would selectively interfere with FB1 induced-apoptosis of hepatocytes. METHODS: Sprague-Dawley rats were intravenousely injected with FB1 (1.25 mg/kg/day) for two days, and were sacrificed at 3, 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours after injection. Another experiment group was composed of rats with pretreatment of CS (100 mg/kg/day, i.p.) before FB1 injection. RESULTS: This study demonstrated that administration of hepatotoxic dose of FB1 to Sprague-Dawley rats resulted in liver injury leading to cell death by apoptosis. FB1-induced apoptosis was preceded by early elevation in serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total cholesterol, and appearance of injured pre-apoptotic cells at 12 hours was followed by massive fragmentation and margination of heterochromatin at 24 hours. CS pre-treatment prior to FB1 injection ameliorated serum biochemistry and hepatic injury with apoptosis, demonstrated by histological, ultrastructural and TUNEL (terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-digoxigenin nick end labeling) methods. In addition, there was remarkable decrease in number of PCNA (proliferative cell nuclear antigen)-positive proliferating hepatocytes compared to that of FB1 treated group. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that apoptosis significantly contributes to FB1-induced hepatotoxicity in vivo, and pre-exposure of rat to CS prevents FB1-induced hepatic apoptosis and proliferation.


Sujet(s)
Animaux , Rats , Alanine transaminase , Apoptose , Aspartate aminotransferases , Biochimie , Mort cellulaire , Cholestérol , Hépatocytes , Hétérochromatine , Méthode TUNEL , Foie , Antigène nucléaire de prolifération cellulaire , Rat Sprague-Dawley
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