Résumé
La correcta combinación del volumen y la intensidad de los estímulos de cargas de entrenamiento y el control del impacto que tienen en el organismo los deportistas constituyen dos de los aspectos que más interés despiertan en el deporte de alto rendimiento. La presente investigación tiene como describir el comportamiento de la FCFO antes y después de someterse a carreras en la pista, en tres macrociclos de los deportistas de las modalidades de carreras de la preselección nacional de atletismo y comprobar si estos valores se diferencian en función de los diferentes mesociclos de preparación y del género. El estudio se realizó con 38 deportistas (20 hombres y 18 mujeres) sometidos a 84 mediciones de la prueba Flicker o Fatigtest-USB, antes y después de la carga en tres macrociclos, en los que se incluían diversos mesociclos de preparación. Se realizó el análisis estadístico de los datos a través del SSPS, versión 20.0, específicamente la prueba ¨t¨ de Studenty el análisis de varianza. Los resultados demostraron que existe un aumento significativo de los valores de frecuencia crítica de fusión ocular y, por consiguiente, de los niveles de activación cortical después de la carga, sin existir diferencias significativas entre estos valores en los diferentes tipos de mesociclos, aunque sí existieron diferencias significativas entre los valores promedios de los hombres y de las mujeres antes y después de la carga; los valores manifestados por los hombres fueron inferiores. Estos análisis constituyeron referencias para la interpretación de los valores de la prueba y así poder mejorar en el proceso del control psicológico del entrenamiento y la asesoría a los entrenadores acerca de la adecuada asimilación de las cargas de entrenamiento.
A combinação correta do volume e intensidade dos estímulos das cargas de treinamento e o controle do impacto que elas têm sobre o organismo dos atletas representam dois dos aspectos que mais despertam o interesse pelo esporte de alto rendimento. O objetivo desta pesquisa é descrever o comportamento do FCFO antes e depois de se submeter a correr em pista, em três macrociclos dos atletas das modalidades de corrida da pré-seleção nacional de atletismo e verificar se estes valores diferem de acordo com os diferentes mesociclos de preparação e gênero. O estudo foi realizado com 38 atletas (20 homens e 18 mulheres) que foram submetidos a 84 medições do teste Flicker ou Fatigtest-USB, antes e depois da carga em três macrociclos, que incluíram diferentes mesociclos de preparação. A análise estatística dos dados foi realizada usando SSPS, versão 20.0, especificamente Studenty's ¨t¨ teste e análise de variância. Os resultados mostraram que há um aumento significativo nos valores da frequência crítica de fusão ocular e, consequentemente, nos níveis de ativação cortical após a carga, sem diferenças significativas entre estes valores nos diferentes tipos de mesócitos, embora houvesse diferenças significativas entre os valores médios de homens e mulheres antes e depois da carga; os valores relatados pelos homens eram menores. Estas análises constituíram referências para a interpretação dos valores do teste, a fim de melhorar no processo de controle psicológico do treinamento e aconselhamento aos treinadores sobre a assimilação adequada das cargas de treinamento.
The correct combination of the volume and intensity of the stimuli of training loads and the control of the impact that they have on the organism of the athletes constitute two of the aspects that awaken more interest in the high performance sport. The present research aims to describe the behavior of the critical eye-fusion frequency (FCFO in Spanish) before and after undergoing track races, in three macrocycles of athletes of the running modalities of the national athletics preselection and to check if these values differ according to the different mesocycles of preparation and gender. The study was carried out with 38 athletes (20 men and 18 women) subjected to 84 measurements of the Flicker or Fatigtest-USB, before and after the load in three macrocycles, which included different preparation mesocycles. Statistical analysis of the data was performed through SSPS, version 20.0, specifically Studenty's ¨t¨ test and analysis of variance. The results showed that there is a significant increase in the values of critical frequency of ocular fusion and, consequently, in the levels of cortical activation after the load, without significant differences between these values in the different types of mesocycles, although there were significant differences between the average values of men and women before and after the load; the values reported by men were lower. These analyses constituted references for the interpretation of the test values in order to improve in the process of psychological control of training and advice to trainers about the adequate assimilation of training loads.
Résumé
Objective:To investigate the application of critical flicker fusion frequency (CFF) in non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION).Methods:A cross-sectional study. From January 2021 to September 2021, a total of 58 NAION patients (105 eyes) (NAION group) and 33 cases (63 eyes) in the healthy control (HC) group were included from Department of Ophthalmology of First Medical Center, PLA General Hospital. Patients underwent best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), optical coherence tomography (OCT), visual field, CFF and flash visual evoked potential (F-VEP) examinations. BCVA examination was performed using a Snellen decimal visual acuity chart and was converted to logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution visual acuity. In the affected eyes group, there were 56 cases (72 eyes), 31 cases (43 eyes) male and 25 cases (29 eyes) female, with an average age of 49.28±11.42 years old. And the affected eyes were divided into 4 groups: <1, 1-<3, 3-<6 and >6 months according to the time interval from onset to CFF examination, which were 20(27.8%), 26 (36.1%), 17 (23.6%) and 9 (12.5%) eyes, respectively. According to the BCVA ≥0.5, 0.1-0.5, <0.1 in CFF examination, the affected eyes were divided into a mild, moderate, and severe degree, 33 (45.8%), 32(44.4%) and 7 (9.8%) eyes, respectively. Sixty-three eyes of 33 cases were in the HC group. There were 17 cases(31 eyes) males and 16 cases (32 eyes) females, with an average age of 35.18±10.96 years. Hand-held CFF detector type 2 (Japan, NEITZ company) was used for the CFF examination. The thickness of peripheral retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL), macular inner limiting membrane retinal pigment epithelium (mILM-RPE), F-VEP peak time and peak value and mean visual field defect (MD) values were recorded within 1 week of CFF examination. The CFF value of the above subgroups was analyzed in order using one-way ANOVA. Pearson correlation analysis was used for the correlation between CFF and F-VEP peak time, peak value, BCVA and MD. The correlations between BCVA, visual field, F-VEP, and CFF were analyzed.Results:The trichromatic values of red, green and yellow in NAION affected eyes were 22.56±10.30, 24.10±11.51, 24.81±11.41 Hz, respectively, which was significantly reduced compared with the HC group ( t=-10.53,-11.11,-11.36; P<0.05). There was no significant difference in CFF-red, green, and yellow values at different time points after the onset of the disease ( F=2.075, 1.893, 2.073; P>0.05). Compared CFF-red, green, and yellow values in NAION-affected eyes with different degrees, the difference was statistically significant ( F=31.579, 27.332, 32.055; P<0.05). The results of correlation analysis showed that the peak time of F-VEP ( r=-0.362, -0.379,-0.357; P<0.05), BCVA ( r=-0.705,-0.695,-0.714; P<0.05), and which was negatively correlated with CFF three color. MD and CFF were positively correlated ( r=0.486, 0.435, 0.450; P<0.05). Conclusion:The CFF value of the affected eye is decreased significantly in NAION-affected eyes, and CFF is more sensitive than F-VEP in reflecting visual impairment, and has a good correlation with visual function and latency of F-VEP.
Résumé
Aims and objectives: Depression is a most common and widespread of all psychiatric disorders. Treatment of depression includes the use of antidepressants, commonly used clinically, such as tricyclic antidepressants, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, and monoamine oxidase inhibitors. Certain antidepressants apart from improvement in the symptoms found to have detrimental effect on cognitive and psychomotor functions. Objective of this study was to assess and to compare the effect of sertraline and fluoxetine on cognitive and psychomotor functions. Materials and methods: Effect of sertraline and fluoxetine on psychomotor function was assessed by using critical flicker fusion frequency (CFF) and reaction time (RT) in patients of mild to moderate depression at the end of 2nd and 4th week of mono therapy. Results: Patients in both the group have their RT remained significantly higher (p < 0.001) in comparison with control and CFF remained significantly lower at the end of both the week except sertraline group in which CFF did not differ significantly from control at the end of 4th week. There was a significant rise in CFF (p < 0.05) in sertraline group as compared to fluoxetine. Sertraline showed a significant improvement (p < 0.01) in visual reaction time (VRT) at both the follow-ups and auditory reaction time (ART) (p < 0.01) at 4th week of monotherapy. Both the groups did not differ with respect to their effect on choice reaction time (CRT). Conclusion: Findings of this study support the use of sertraline which had shown less impairment of psychomotor function in patients of depression as compared to fluoxetine, in special subgroups of population who operate machinery, drive vehicle or require alertness for the work.
Résumé
Establishment of an ideal partner is one of the most important subject of human monoclonalantibody researches.At Present,the human-mouse hybrid myeloma cell line has more advan-tages over plasmacytoma and lymphocyte cell lines.In this subject,heteromyeloma cell line HM—KMC1 was derived from fusion by using murine myeloma SP_(2/0)—AG_(14) with healthy adult pe-ripheral blood lymphocytes that was induced to be a 8—Ag resistant and HAT sensitive cell lineafter a serious cultivation in RPMI1640 complete medium containing 8—Ag,then fused with Blymphocytes from human spleen,tonsil,lymph nodes and peripheral blood,respectively,Six fu-sions have been done successfully and the fusion frequency was 41—129/10~7 cells.