Résumé
Acute hyperkalemia may result from many causes, i.e. excessive load, transcellular shift, decreased renal excretion, and so on, and may be associated with irreversible and fatal cardiac manifestations, muscle weakness, ventilatory and adrenal insufficiency, etc. We experienced a case of acute hyperkalemia probably due to red cell lysis which was evident immediately after the induction of general anesthesia with thiopental sodium and succinylcholin in 1 33 year-old female patient with common bile duct obstructive jaundice. In spite of active management during anesthesia and posoperative period, eventually she died of cardiac arrest. For the successful management of the acute hyperkalemia, the anesthesiologist should be aware of its etiologies, pathophysiology, diagnosis & treatment.