Nivel de seguridad en el manejo de los productos químicos peligrosos en la comunidad Mantilla / Security level in the management of hazardous chemical products in Mantilla community

Introducción: El manejo responsable de los productos químicos peligrosos tiene relación directa con el conocimiento, comprensión y percepción de riesgo que tengan los individuos involucrados. Objetivo: Evaluar el nivel de seguridad en el manejo de los productos químicos peligrosos en la comunidad Mantilla y compararlo con el estudio que se realizó en la comunidad Pogolotti-Finlay-Belén en La Habana, entre 2013-2015. Métodos: Investigación descriptiva exploratoria, que se realizó en el Consejo Popular Mantilla de Arroyo Naranjo en 2016, con una población de 1338 practicantes sistemáticos en el manejo de los productos químicos peligrosos. Se escogió una muestra no probabilística de 200 personas, que se seleccionaron de forma intencional. Se confeccionó una lista de verificación para evaluar el nivel de seguridad, con objetivos específicos y contenidos para esta comunidad. Se evaluaron los aspectos de seguridad, se determinaron los perfiles de riesgo con el software ASeC, y se realizó un análisis de sensibilidad en la comunidad Mantilla. Se efectuó un estudio comparativo entre los resultados del análisis de sensibilidad para la comunidad de Mantilla y la de Pogolotti-Finlay-Belén mediante diagrama de Venn. Resultados: Los resultados por aspectos de seguridad en la comunidad de Mantilla fueron evaluados de negativos y no mostraron diferencias significativas con los obtenidos en la comunidad de Pogolotti-Finlay-Belén. Conclusiones: La identificación de los focos de peligro en la comunidad Mantilla resultó crítica. Ambas comunidades no demostraron la capacidad funcional para enfrentar una emergencia y desconocen las acciones y consecuencias que tiene para la población y el medio ambiente los accidentes con productos químicos peligrosos(AU)

Introduction: Responsible management of hazardous chemical products has direct relation with the knowledge, comprehension and perception of the risk that the individuals involved have. Objective: To evaluate the safety level in the management of hazardous chemical products in Mantilla community, Havana, Cuba and compare it with the assessment performed in Pogolotti-Finlay-Belén community of the same province, from 2013 to 2015. Methods: Exploratory-descriptive research conducted in Mantilla community, Arroyo Naranjo municipality, Havana, Cuba in 2016, over a population of 1338 systematic practitioners in the handling of hazardous chemical products. The sample was of 200 people; and it was non-probabilistically and intentionally selected. An exhaustive checklist was prepared for applying the safety level assessment method with specific objectives and contents for the community. The safety aspects were assessed, the risk profile was determined by using ASeC software, and a sensitivity analysis for Mantilla community was performed. A comparison of the sensitivity analysis results was also carried out for both Mantilla and Pogolotti-Finlay-Belén communities using the Venn diagram. Results: The results by safety aspects of Mantilla community were assessed with negative values. When compared them with the results obtained on a previous research in the Pogolotti-Finlay-Belén community, some irrelevant differences where obtained. Conclusions: The hazard focus identification in Mantilla community became critical. Both communities didn't show functional capability for facing an emergency, and they didn't know what actions and consequences could have an accident related to hazardous chemical products in the population and the environment(AU)

Injury patterns and treatment strategies of the wounded for the catastrophic fire and explosion accident / 中华医院管理杂志

Retrospectively analyzed in the paper are such clinical data as disease category,inj ury part,severity and outcomes for 322 victims of the catastrophic fire and explosion accident at a tertiary hospital.The authors summarized the disease spectrum,and treatment and nursing strategy,in order to improve the emergency plan against fire and explosion accidents,to raise the accuracy of pre-hospital and in-hospital inj ury examination,and to ensure efficient and scientific treatment and nursing,with minimized deaths.

The Effects of Hazardous Chemical Exposure on Cardiovascular Disease in Chemical Products Manufacturing Workers

The purpose of this study was to understand the mechanism of cardiovascular disease (CVD) caused by exposure to hazardous chemicals. We investigated changes in the symptoms of metabolic syndrome, which is strongly related to CVD, and in levels of other CVD risk factors, with a special emphasis on the roles of catecholamines and oxidative stress. The results revealed that neither body mass index (BMI) nor waist and hip circumferences were associated with exposure to hazardous chemicals. Among metabolic syndrome criteria, only HDL-cholesterol level increased on exposure to hazardous chemicals. Levels of epinephrine (EP) and norepinephrine (NEP) were not influenced by exposure to hazardous chemicals; however, the total antioxidative capacity (TAC) reduced because of increased oxidative stress. Both hazardous chemical exposure level and metabolite excretion were related to EP, NEP, and the oxidative stress index (OSI). Logistic regression analysis with these factors as independent variables and metabolic syndrome criteria as dependent variables revealed that EP was associated with blood pressure, and NEP with metabolic syndrome in the chemical-exposed group. In conclusion, the results suggest that reactive oxygen species generated and oxidative stress due to exposure to hazardous chemicals act as mediators and cause changes in the physiological levels of EP and NEP to increase blood pressure. This ultimately leads to the development of CVD through increase in cholesterol, triglyceride, and blood glucose levels by lipid peroxidation.