Résumé
Abstract In HIV-patients, the imbalance in immunological, hematological and biochemical factors can contribute to the progression to AIDS and non-AIDS comorbidities, even during combined antiretroviral therapy (cART). In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to analyze some of these parameters in 138 different asymptomatic HIV-infected patients, doing multiple comparisons between the groups, which are dichotomized in the presence / absence of cART and type of immune response (immunological responders [iR,>500cells/mL] or non-responders [iNR,<500cells/ mL]). Were analyzed cytokines and other routine laboratory parameters. Our results showed high creatine phosphokinase and low IL-10 levels in cART-patients. They also presented metabolic alterations, including elevations in total cholesterol and triglycerides, particularly in those iNR. In ART-iR an increased alanine aminotransferase was observed. Those NAÏVE-iNR presented high LDL-cholesterol, C-reactive protein and lactate dehydrogenase values. The long-term non-progressors (LTNP) showed the best laboratory results. In conclusion, many blood parameters were changed in HIV-patients, especially in those under cART. To identify LTNP individuals could be important to discussions their early therapeutic onset.
Résumé
Onze quatis (Nasua nasua), de ambos o sexos e idades variadas, clinicamente sadios, mantidos em cativeiro no Horto Botânico de Niterói e no Zoológico Municipal de Volta Redonda, foram utilizados para colheita de amostras sangüíneas, visando a realização de exames hematológicos. Estes exames consistiram na determinação de hemograma, dosagens séricas de glicose, uréia, creatinina, proteínas totais, albumina, globulinas, aspartato-aminotransferase (AST), alanina-amino-transferase (ALT) e colesterol, além de pesquisa de hemoparasitas. As amostras foram obtidas por punção das veias cefálica e/ou femural, e processadas no Laboratório de Patologia Clínica da Faculdade de Veterinária da Universidade Federal Fluminense. Os valores médios encontrados foram: hemácias = 5,5 x 106 /mm3; volume globular = 33,5%; hemoglobina= 11 g%; volume globular médio = 61,9 fi; concentração de hemoglobina globular média = 32,1 %; leucócitos = 8950/mm3; basófilos = 0%; eosinófilos = 10%; bastões = 0%; segmentados = 56%; linfócitos = 30%; monócitos = 3%; proteínas totais = 9,4 g%; albumina= 3,8 g%; globulinas = 5,6 g%; ALT = 31,1 UI; AST = 47 UI; glicose = 11 O mg/dl; uréia= 25 mg/dl; creatinina = 0,7 mg/dl; colesterol= 288 mg/dl. Não foram encontradas hemoparasitas nas amostras examinadas. Concluiu-se que estes valores são semelhantes aos relatados na literatura para canídeos domésticos e outros procionídeos, como o guaxinim (Procyon sp.). Não houve influência significativa nos valores obtidos com diferentes métodos de contenção.
Eleven coatimundis (Nasua nasua) of both sexes and various ages, clinically healthy, kept in captivity at "Horto Botânico de Niterói" and "Zoológico Municipal de Volta Redonda", were used for collecting of blood samples for hematological examination: hemogram, serum dosages of glucose, urea, creatinine, total protein, albumin, globu-lins, aspartate aminotranferase (AST), alanina aminotransferase (ALT) and cholesterol, and also hemoparasites research. The samples were obtained by punction of cephalic or femoral veins and were carried out at the Laboratory of Clinicai Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, Fluminense Federal Universíty. The following mean values were found: erythrocítes = 5,5 x 1 06 /mm3; packed cell volume= 33.5%; hemoglobin = 11 g%; mean corpuscular volume = 61,9 fl; mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration = 32.1 %; leukocytes = 8950/mm3; basophíls = O; eosinophils = 1 0%; neutrophils =56%; lymphocytes = 30%; monocytes = 3%; total protein = 9.4 g%; albumin = 3.8 g%; globulins = 5.6 g%; AST = 47 UI; ALT = 31.1 UI; glucose = 110 mg/dl; urea = 25 mg/dl; creatinine = 0.7 mg/dl; and cholesterol = 288 mg/dl. No hemoparasítes were found in the samples. We concluded that these values were similar to those described to domestic Canidae and other Procyonidae, like the racoon Procyon sp. lt was not found any meaningful influence in the values obtained when were used different handling methods.