O cuidado a pessoa em sofrimento mental: sob a ótica dos familiares / The care of people in mental suffering: from the perspective of family members

Objetivo: analisar a percepção do cuidado a pessoa com sofrimento mental sob a ótica dos familiares. Método: A pesquisa é exploratória-descritiva, com abordagem qualitativa. Para coleta, foi realizada a técnica de coleta de dados usando o grupo focal, utilizando questões norteadoras, no período de abril, ano de 2014. A amostra foi composta por 20 familiares/ cuidadores de usuários do CAPS I, na capital Paraibana. Os dados qualitativos foram analisados, tendo-se como referência o método de análise de conteúdo, do tipo categorial temática. Resultados: Foram identificadas as seguintes categorias: Categoria I - Interferência e convivência com a doença mental e a Categoria II ­ A sobrecarga no cuidado ao doente mental. Conclusão: Considera-se, que ainda existam lacunas a serem preenchidas para se efetivar uma oferta qualificada a estes atores (usuários/ cuidadores-familiares) que, de fato, possam empoderar estes sujeitos e minimizar seus sofrimentos.(AU)

Objective: to analyze a perception of caring for a person with mental distress and two family members sobbing. Method: The research is exploratory-descriptive, with a qualitative approach. For collection, the data collection technique was performed using the focus group, using guiding questions, in the period of April, 2014. It was shown to be composted by 20 family members / caregivers of CAPS I users. The qualitative data are analyzed, they are tended as a reference or method of content analysis, of thematic category type. Results: identified as following categories: Na Category I - Interference and coexistence with a mental education and a Category II - A overload not caring for the mental patient. Conclusion: It is considered that there are still lacunae to be pre-filled to make a qualified offer to these actors (users / caregivers-relatives) that, of course, will be able to empower these little subjects and minimize their.(AU)

Objetivo: analizar la percepción del cuidado de las personas con sufrimiento mental desde la perspectiva de los familiares. Método: La investigación es exploratoria-descriptiva, con enfoque cualitativo. Para la recolección, la técnica de recolección de datos se realizó mediante el grupo focal, mediante preguntas orientadoras, en el período de abril de 2014. La muestra estuvo formada por 20 familiares / cuidadores de usuarios de CAPS I. Se analizaron datos cualitativos, teniendo como referencia el método de análisis de contenido, del tipo temático categórico. Resultados: Se identificaron las siguientes categorías: Categoría I - Interferencia y convivencia con enfermedad mental y Categoría II - Carga en el cuidado de los enfermos mentales. Conclusión: Se considera que aún quedan vacíos por llenar para poder realizar una oferta calificada a estos actores (usuarios / cuidadores-familia) que, de hecho, puedan empoderar a estos sujetos y minimizar su sufrimiento.(AU)

¿Cómo se organizan los grupos criminales según su actividad delictiva principal? Descripción desde una muestra española / How do criminal groups organize themselves according to the speci$c main activity? Description of a Spanish sampleir own

El artículo expone, en un análisis descriptivo, los resultados obtenidos sobre la actividad ilegal de 67 grupos del crimen organizado, según las características de la organización delictiva. Los grupos analizados corresponden a operaciones policiales desarrolladas por la Unidad Central Operativa (UCO) de la Guardia Civil, realizadas entre 1990 y el 2010. En estas agrupaciones criminales se han identificado 17 actividades delictivas diferentes, aunque los datos solo permiten establecer conclusiones de aquellas que presentan una mayor prevalencia, esto es: robos con fuerza (N=24), tráfico de hachís (N=9) y tráfico de cocaína (N=8). Los datos obtenidos muestran que la actividad ilegal principal por la cual los grupos organizados estudiados obtienen la mayor proporción de sus beneficios discrimina variables relacionadas con la organización delictiva y la dinámica interna, como estructura, criterios en la división de tareas, tipos de medios complejos empleados y países que traspasan, de cara al desarrollo de sus actividades.

In a descriptive analysis, the results obtained about the unlawful activity of 67 organized crime groups are exposed,according to the characteristics of each criminal organization. Groups under analysis pertain to police operations developed by the Civil Guard’s Operating Central Unit (“UCO”) carried out between 1990 and 2010. Although seventeen different criminal activities have been identified these groupings, conclusions drawn from data are exclusively related to those showing higher prevalence, such as robberies with assault (N=8),hashish trafficking (N=9) and cocaine trafficking (N=8). Information obtained shows that the main unlawful activity through which the analyzed organized groups get their largest share of profits makes some discrimination among variables relating to the criminal organization and internal dynamics such as structure, task distribution criteria, types of complex means used and countries they trespass, in the face of the development of their activities.

O artigo expõe, em uma análise descritiva, os resultados obtidos sobre a atividade ilegal de 67 grupos do crimeorganizado, de acordo com as características da organização criminosa. Os grupos analisados correspondem às operações policiais realizadas pela Unidade Central Operacional (UCO) da Guarda Civil, realizadas entre 1990 e 2010. Esses agrupamentos criminosos foram identificadas 17 diferentes atividades criminosas, embora os dados apenas permitam tirar conclusões daquelas que têm uma maior prevalência, ou seja: roubo com força (N=24), tráfico de haxixe (N=9) e tráfico de cocaína (N=8). Os dados obtidos mostram que a principal atividade ilegal pela qual os grupos organizados estudados obtêm a maior parte de seus lucros, discriminam variáveis relacionadas com a organização criminosa e dinâmica interna, como estrutura, critérios na divisão de tarefas, tipos de mídia complexos empregados e países que traspassam, face ao desenvolvimento de suas atividades.

Medico legal diagnosis & pattern of injuries with sharp weapons.

Out of one hundred cases examined in GGS Medical College Faridkot during the period from July 2006 to September 2007 who sustained injuries with sharp weapons, majority (58%) were in the age group of 21-40 years, males (92%) with simple injuries (80%) and with light sharp weapons. Upper limbs were the parts of body with injuries in majority (47%) of cases followed by head (17%) and mixed type (14%).Nature of injury was homicidal in 60% cases followed by 34% cases with fabricated or strongly suspected fabricated injuries. This is a retrospective study to document pattern of injuries with medico-legal diagnosis to ascertain the type of injuries in the disbursement of justice.

The Comprehension on the "Serious Hurt" of the Crime of Accident of Medical Treatment / 中华医学教育探索杂志

The crime of accident of medical treatment is the new crime added to the Criminal law of 1997.Since it appeared in the Criminal law of 1997,there have been many debates about it.One of them is how to comprehend the "serious hurt".I think the prescript itself lacks pertinence and we should make the GBH as the standard of judging the "serious hurt".

Role and the effect of establishing the plan of meeting emergency in the rehabilitation and reestablishment of high-octane body hurt / 中国矫形外科杂志

[Objective]To study the role and the effect of establishing the plan of meeting emergency in the rehabilitation and reestablishment of high-octane body hurt.[Method]Eighty six patients of high-octane body hurt were collected from Shi He Zi people's hospital during 1998 to 2007.According to Gustilo-Anderson categorize of open fracture and mark of ISS,high-octane body hurt can be divided into three parts.Meanwhile,different part can be taken different methods to rehabilitate and reestablish.Therefore,we can analyze pertinence between cure principle and curative effect.[Result]Eighty three patients were observed during the period of fifteen and thirty-three months,the average were nineteen months.Five of them contracted double floating knee injury,and their knee joint appeared anchylosis,abnormality and function failure afterfracture healed up.We did one-off knee joint release while extracting internal fixation,and used CPM machine to assist exercise.Fortunately,the function of knee joint could be renewed.Another five patients' fracture did not heal up very well.However,after experiencing the apply of oneself bone autograft,fracture could be healed up perfectly.The time of allograft bone union ranged from five to sixteen months,the average time were 7.5 months.There are three patients contract paraplegia,and three patients dead.By autopsy,some of them belongs to multiple fracture and multiple viscera burst.Mortality was 3.48%.[Conclusion]By establishing the plan of meeting emergency of high-octane body hurt,using the Gustilo-Anderson categorize of open fracture and mark of ISS,we can systemic classify damage degree,and make scientific treatment by stages,therefore,attaining our goal of early diagnoses,early treatment,and decreasing mortality and decreasing the proportion of disabled.After all,the plan of meeting emergency plays an essential role in traumatie surgery.

Treatment and prevention of serious complications after arterial perfusion chemotherapy of esophageal cancer / 介入放射学杂志

Objective To investigate the cause of severe complications after arterial perfusion for esophageal cancer and the methods of prevention. Methods 368 cases of esophageal cancer were treated with arterial perfusion of drugs for chemotherapy. The treatment numbers were 909 including 215 males and 153 females with the age ranging from 39 to 86. These patients were verified as esophageal cancers histopathologically. Selective angiography of the relevant esophageal segments and drugs for perfusion chemotherapy were undertaken. Results The complications included one case of paralysis due to spinal cord injury, two cases with esophageal perforation and three cases of necrotic esophagitis. The case of paralysis died of original disease one month after the treatment. Of the cases of esophageal perforation, one formed the esophgus-trachea fistula and survived for eight months after being esophageal stent implantation and the other formed esophagus-mediastinum fistula and died of massive hemorrhage after six weeks. Three cases of necrotic esophagitis occurred at the normal segments of the esophagus and formed esophgeal perforation. Of these three cases, one formed esophago-broncheal fistula and survived up to now after creating drainage stoma of stomach. Two cases of the esophgus-mediastinum and esophgus-bronchius fistula died of severe infection. Conclusions Severe complications of esophageal arterial catheterization with drugs for chemotherapy are rare. Less harmful, non-ionization contrast medium, low cellular toxicity drugs for chemotherapy with proper doses and concentrations should be selected together with optimal speed of infusion. Esophageal internal stent placement drainage stoma creation of stomach should be the useful adjunct for severe complications.

The Ethical Reflection on the Euthanasia of the Badly Handicapped Newborn / 中国医学伦理学

In the ethical reflection on the euthanasia of the badly handicapped newborn, the teleological thoughtway is superior to deontology. The euthanasia of the badly handicapped newborn is moral on half of the newborn themselves in theory from the angle of teleology, at the same time, the deontology often objects to the euthanasia. But all our value analysis demonstrates that, as a specific moral instance, the "euthanasia of the badly handicapped newborn" is out of the valid extension of the deontology logical discursion. Therefore, we should regard the essentiality of the "euthanasia of the badly handicapped newborn" as a necessary hurt from the point of view of teleology