Résumé
Ultrasound is widely used to diagnose various conditions in neonates and infants like intracranial hemorrhage, hypoxic-ischemic insult, changes of birth asphyxia and congenital disorders of the ain like hydrocephalus, etc as it is easily available, simple and noninvasive and more important is that it lacks ionizing radiation. The present hospital-based study of cranial sonography (Trans-fontanellar ultrasound) done in the Department of Radiodiagnosis, HNB Base government teaching hospital situated in Srinagar Garhwal, was done with the aim of assessing the burden of intracranial disorders in neonates and infants, especially the premature newborns who get admitted in neonatal intensive care units. A retrospective descriptive analysis was done on the data of 196 CUSG done.70.4 % CUSG were performed on neonates, 24.5% were performed on age group 29 days to 6 month age group and rest on age more than 6 months. The male-female gender ratio was 1: 0.96. The most common neonatal pathological conditions were changes of Hypoxic- ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) (28.4 %). Cranial sonography is a useful diagnostic tool in the evaluation of neonatal and infant ain and is a well-established mode of making primary diagnosis.It is preferred because it can be rapidly performed and is a portable, cost-effective test.
Résumé
Subcutaneous fat necrosis in neonates is a rare disease characterized by skin lesions, which may be single or multiple, poorly circumscribed and often tender erythematous nodules or plaques on cheeks, buttocks, back, arms, and thighs. These symptoms are usually self-limited; resolution occurs over a period of weeks to months. Subcutaneous fat necrosis affects full term and healthy- appearing infants who have experienced perinatal distress such as hypoxic insult, birth trauma and hypothermia. Most skin lesions appear within the first two weeks of life. We experienced a case of subcutaneous fat necrosis in a neonate with hypoxic insult and report the case with a brief review of the literature.